Responsiveness of bovine cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COC) to porcine and recombinant human FSH, and the effect of COC quality on gonadotropin receptor and Cx43 marker gene mRNAs during maturation in vitro

Substantially less development to the blastocyst stage occurs in vitro than in vivo and this may be due to deficiencies in oocyte competence. Although a large proportion of bovine oocytes undergo spontaneous nuclear maturation, less is known about requirements for proper cytoplasmic maturation. Commonly, supraphysiological concentrations of FSH and LH are added to maturation media to improve cumulus expansion, fertilization and embryonic development. Therefore, various concentrations of porcine FSH (pFSH) and recombinant human FSH (rhFSH) were investigated for their effect on bovine cumulus expansion in vitro. Expression of FSHr, LHr and Cx43 mRNAs was determined in cumulus-oocyte complexes to determine whether they would be useful markers of oocyte competence. In serum-free media, only 1000 ng/ml pFSH induced marked cumulus expansion, but the effect of 100 ng/ml pFSH was amplified in the presence of 10% serum. In contrast, cumulus expansion occurred with 1 ng/ml rhFSH in the absence of serum. FSHr mRNA was highest at 0–6 h of maturation, then abundance decreased. Similarly, Cx43 mRNA expression was highest from 0–6 h but decreased by 24 h of maturation. However, the relative abundance of LHr mRNA did not change from 6–24 h of maturation. Decreased levels of FSHr, LHr and Cx43 mRNAs were detected in COCs of poorer quality. In conclusion, expansion of bovine cumulus occurred at low doses of rhFSH in serum-free media. In summary, FSHr, LHr and Cx43 mRNA abundance reflects COC quality and FSHr and Cx43 mRNA expression changes during in vitro maturation; these genes may be useful markers of oocyte developmental competence

La m?sica como estrategia dinamizadora para facilitar los procesos de aprendizaje en la educaci?n inicial

65 P?ginasRecurso Electr?nicoEl proyecto titulado la m?sica como estrategia dinamizadora para facilitar los procesos de aprendizaje en el nivel de transici?n de la Instituci?n Educativa Santa Teresa de Jes?s, se desarroll? con el ?nimo de dar soluci?n a las situaciones que se presentan respecto a la falta de motivaci?n e inter?s de los infantes en las actividades escolares, pues estas son rutinarias. Durante la ejecuci?n de este proyecto se hizo hincapi? en la importancia que tiene el implementar la m?sica como estrategia dinamizadora para despertar el inter?s, la motivaci?n y potencializar los procesos de aprendizaje en los infantes, la cual fortalece las dimensiones del desarrollo y potencializa las inteligencias m?ltiples, la creatividad, adem?s del gran aporte que esta le brinda al individuo desde todos sus ?mbitos de formaci?n. La preocupaci?n por la falta de motivaci?n e inter?s en los ni?os, fue lo que origin? la necesidad de implementar el presente proyecto, con el objetivo de despertar el gusto y el disfrute a trav?s de la m?sica como estrategia pedag?gica para dinamizar sus procesos de aprendizaje. Por ende este proyecto refleja el desarrollo del proceso de investigaci?n formativa, desde el enfoque metodol?gico etnogr?fico y de investigaci?n, el cual dio lugar a plantear una estrategia de intervenci?n siendo ben?fico para el desarrollo educativo en las ni?as de preescolar de la Instituci?n Educativa Santa Teresa de Jes?s.ABSTRACT. The project titled ?The Music? as a revitalizing strategy; intended to facilitate the learning process in a transition level in the educational institution Santa Teresa de Jesus. This project aims to give alternative solutions to no motivation or lack of interest in scholar activities done by children. This project emphasizes in the music as a revitalizing strategy to arouse the interest and motivation in learning process. Music, also strengthens dimensions of development, potentiates multiple intelligences, creativity and many other learning areas. The concern about the lack of motivation and interest of children, led to the need to implement this project. This project aims to arouse the enjoyment of scholar activities, through the music as a pedagogical strategy to boost their learning processes. Therefore this project reflects the development of formative research, from ethnographic research and methodological approach. This project proposes an intervention strategy that shows benefits for educational development in preschool girls of educational institution Santa Teresa de Jes?s.INTRODUCCI?N 13 1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 15 1.1 DESCRIPCI?N DEL PROBLEMA 15 1.2 FORMULACI?N DEL PROBLEMA 16 2. OBJETIVOS 17 2.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 17 2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPEC?FICOS 17 3. JUSTIFICACI?N 18 4. MARCO REFERENCIAL 20 4.1 ANTECEDENTES 20 4.2 MARCO TEORICO 23 4.2.1 La m?sica seg?n Willems, Orff, Kodally 23 4.2.2 Aprendizaje Significativo seg?n Ausbel 26 4.3 MARCO CONTEXTUAL 27 4.4 MARCO LEGAL 29 5. METODOLOGIA 38 5.1 ESTRUCTURA METODOL?GICA 38 5.1.1 Descripci?n Fase 1: Caracterizaci?n. 40 5.1.2 Descripci?n Fase 2: Intervenci?n 41 5.2 AN?LISIS DE RESULTADOS 43 5.2.1 Validez y confiabilidad 43 5.3 EVALUACI?N Y SEGUIMIENTO 43 5.3.1 Fase 1 Caracterizaci?n de las pr?cticas que se ejercen y de los discursos que circulan sobre la educaci?n de los ni?os y ni?as menores de 7 a?os 44 5.3.2 Fase 2. Los sentidos pedag?gicos de los proyectos de intervenci?n 44 6. EL PROYECTO DE INTERVENCION 46 6.1 ESQUEMA GENERAL DEL PROYECTO 46 6.2 ACTIVIDADES INTEGRADORAS DEL PROYECTO DE INTERVENCION 47 6.2.1 Actividades integradoras para directivos y docentes. 47 6.2.2 Actividades integradoras para padres y familia. 48 6.2.3 Actividades integradoras para ni?as en el PPA. 50 6.3 EXPERIENCIA PEDAGOGICA 51 7. CONCLUSIONES 54 RECOMENDACIONES 56 REFERENCIAS 57 ANEXOS 5

Hybrid solutions to the feature interaction problem

In this paper we assume a competitive marketplace where the features are developed by different enterprises, which cannot or will not exchange information. We present a classification of feature interaction in this setting and introduce an on-line technique which serves as a basis for the two novel <i>hybrid</i> approaches presented. The approaches are hybrid as they are neither strictly off-line nor on-line, but combine aspects of both. The two approaches address different kinds of feature interactions, and thus are complimentary. Together they provide a complete solution by addressing interaction detection and resolution. We illustrate the techniques within the communication networks domain

Magnetic structure determination of Ca3_3LiOsO6_6 using neutron and x-ray scattering

We present a neutron and x-ray scattering investigation of Ca$_3$LiOsO$_6$, a material predicted to host magnetic ordering solely through an extended superexchange pathway involving two anions, an interaction mechanism that has undergone relatively little investigation. This contrasts with the ubiquitous superexchange interaction mechanism involving a single anion that has well defined and long standing rules. Despite the apparent 1D nature and triangular units of magnetic osmium ions the onset of magnetic correlations has been observed at a high temperature of 117 K in bulk measurements. We experimentally determine the magnetically ordered structure and show it to be long range and three dimensional. Our results support the model of extended superexchange interaction