Metallurgical characterization of the fracture of several high strength aluminum alloys

The fracture behavior for structural aluminum alloys (2024, 6061, 7075, and 7178) was examined in selected heat treatments. The investigation included tensile, shear, and precracked notch-bend specimens fractured at ambient temperature under monotonic loading. Specimens were obtained from thin sheets and thick plates and were tested in longitudinal and transverse orientations at different strain rates. Microstructures of alloys were examined using the optical microscope and the scanning electron microscope with associated energy dispersive X ray chemical analysis. Several different types of second phase particles, some not reported by other investigators, were identified in the alloys. Fracture morphology was related to microstructural variables, test variables, and type of commercial product. Specimen orientation examined in the present investigation had little effect on fracture morphology. Test strain rate changes resulted in some change in shear fracture morphology, but not in fracture morphology of tensile specimens

IN00035 Indor Charter of the Time of Skandagupta

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra, and Govind Swamirao Gai, Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings (New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, 1981): 311-312

IN00041 Sarnath Buddha Image Inscription 1 of the Time of Budhagupta

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra, and Govind Swamirao Gai, Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings (New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, 1981): 334

IN00003 Nalanda Grant of Samudragupta

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra, and Govind Swamirao Gai, Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings (New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, 1981): 228

IN00017 Mandasor Stone Inscription of Naravarman

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra, and Govind Swamirao Gai, Inscriptions of the Early Gupta Kings (New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, 1981): 265-266

Estimation of water requirement for soybean (Glycine max) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) under vertisols of Madhya Pradesh

The present study was undertaken to evaluate various methods of estimating evapotranspiration to predict water requirement of soybean and wheat crops for nine selected districts of Madhya Pradesh under vertisols. Four methods (Penmann-Montieth, Hargreaves, SCS-Blaney-Criddle and Thornthwaite) of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) estimation were compared for assessing their predictive capability for Bhopal and Indore districts using meteorological data. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated by using Penmann-Montieth method for two districts (Bhopal and Indore) for which data on solar radiation were available and Hargreaves method for remaining seven districts (Chhindwara, Dhar, Guna, Hoshangabad, Jabalpur, Khandawa and Raisen). Crop water requirements were determined through field experiments conducted during 2008 to 2010 for soybean and 2008-09 to 2010-11 for wheat crops using non-weighing type lysimeters at research farm of Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal. The study revealed that among the four methods, Hargreaves method estimated ET0 values with minimum deviation (4.24%) for Bhopal as compared to Penmann-Monteith. The water requirement of soybean and wheat estimated by Penmann-Monteith method was in close agreement (-2.58% and 9.26% deviation) with the measured average water requirement (401.6 and 352.2 mm) respectively followed by Hargreaves method for Bhopal district. It is also inferred that in absence of solar radiation data Hargreaves method could be considered for predicting water requirement of soybean and wheat crops. These water requirement values are useful for effective planning of irrigation scheduling of the soybean and wheat crops in the State

A millimeter-wave kinetic inductance detector camera for long-range imaging through optical obscurants

Millimeter-wave imaging provides a promising option for long-range target detection through optical obscurants such as fog, which often occur in marine environments. Given this motivation, we are currently developing a 150 GHz polarization-sensitive imager using a relatively new type of superconducting pair-breaking detector, the kinetic inductance detector (KID). This imager will be paired with a 1.5 m telescope to obtain an angular resolution of 0.09° over a 3.5° field of view using 3,840 KIDs. We have fully characterized a prototype KID array, which shows excellent performance with noise strongly limited by the irreducible fluctuations from the ambient temperature background. Full-scale KID arrays are now being fabricated and characterized for a planned demonstration in a maritime environment later this year

Invasive Actinomycosis of Maxilla - An Unusual Case Report

Cervicofacial actinomycosis is an unusual infection caused by Actinomyces species. It rarely involves the maxilla. We present a case of an elderly female with a left sided maxillary swelling which was diagnosed as left maxillary actinomycosis invading the adjacent structures suspected to be secondary to a bone neoplasm on the basis of histopathology. The organism grew in culture in our laboratory and hence this case is a deviation from the common feature that cultures are most of the times of little help in detecting this organism. The classical growth of this organism on culture in addition to the histopathology report highly empowered the diagnosis of this case. Also, our findings that it can permeate the surrounding structures and can produce a conundrum for the diagnosis are noteworthy

Phase Field Model for Three-Dimensional Dendritic Growth with Fluid Flow

We study the effect of fluid flow on three-dimensional (3D) dendrite growth using a phase-field model on an adaptive finite element grid. In order to simulate 3D fluid flow, we use an averaging method for the flow problem coupled to the phase-field method and the Semi-Implicit Approximated Projection Method (SIAPM). We describe a parallel implementation for the algorithm, using Charm++ FEM framework, and demonstrate its efficiency. We introduce an improved method for extracting dendrite tip position and tip radius, facilitating accurate comparison to theory. We benchmark our results for two-dimensional (2D) dendrite growth with solvability theory and previous results, finding them to be in good agreement. The physics of dendritic growth with fluid flow in three dimensions is very different from that in two dimensions, and we discuss the origin of this behavior

Tunable intervalence charge transfer in ruthenium Prussian blue analogue enables stable and efficient biocompatible artificial synapses

Emerging concepts for neuromorphic computing, bioelectronics, and brain-computer interfacing inspire new research avenues aimed at understanding the relationship between oxidation state and conductivity in unexplored materials. Here, we present ruthenium Prussian blue analogue (RuPBA), a mixed valence coordination compound with an open framework structure and ability to conduct both ionic and electronic charge, for flexible artificial synapses that reversibly switch conductance by more than four orders of magnitude based on electrochemically tunable oxidation state. Retention of programmed states is improved by nearly two orders of magnitude compared to the extensively studied organic polymers, thus reducing the frequency, complexity and energy costs associated with error correction schemes. We demonstrate dopamine detection using RuPBA synapses and biocompatibility with neuronal cells, evoking prospective application for brain-computer interfacing. By application of electron transfer theory to in-situ spectroscopic probing of intervalence charge transfer, we elucidate a switching mechanism whereby the degree of mixed valency between N-coordinated Ru sites controls the carrier concentration and mobility, as supported by DFT