Security for AI and IoT Convergence: Novel Perspectives

The conjunction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) presents a transformative synergy that holds immense promise for various domains, ranging from healthcare and smart cities to industrial automation and autonomous vehicles. However, this convergence also introduces a plethora of security challenges that demand innovative and novel perspectives to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data and systems. This paper explores the intricate landscape of "Security for AI and IoT Convergence" and introduces pioneering approaches and insights to mitigate the evolving threat landscape. Through a comprehensive literature review, we identify the current security challenges inherent in the intersection of AI and IoT, including vulnerabilities in connected devices, data privacy concerns, and the complex interplay between autonomous decision-making and real-time threat detection. We then present novel perspectives and methodologies that leverage cutting-edge technologies like machine learning, Blockchain, and interdisciplinary collaborations to address these challenges effectively. To ground our discussions, we offer real-world case studies that illustrate the practical implementation and impact of these novel security perspectives. We also delve into the evaluation metrics and considerations required to assess the efficacy of these security solutions. Additionally, we highlight the significance of on-going research, regulatory compliance, and ethical dimensions in shaping the future of AI and IoT convergence security. This paper not only serves as an essential reference for researchers and practitioners in the field but also underscores the imperative nature of continuous innovation and vigilance in ensuring the secure coexistence of AI and IoT technologies. &nbsp

Analysis of Surface Water Extraction and Change Detection Over Barur Lake, India

239-243Water is one of the most essential and devastating element in the world. The lack of access to water and its abundance can be a serious threat to human life. These two circumstances may create a difficult situation against the sustainability of human life. Inadequate access to water causes drought, affects agriculture and on other side high level water availability in urban areas affects daily life. Hence, mapping and analysing of the surface water of the earth benefits from such impacts. Therefore, this study analysis evaluates the performance of available Landsat-8 OLI images for mapping water bodies and to obtaining precise Normalized Differential Water Index (NDWI) extraction. Change detection analysis of the obtained data shows that the area of the surface water body keeps on changing every year. The surface area of the lake has undergone a drastic change in the year 2019

Cytotoxic effects and Identification of bioactive metabolites from crude extract of potential probiotic bacterium, Bacillus amyloliquefacians CS4, isolated from the gut of freshwater fish Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)

In the present study, the crude secondary metabolites were extracted from the potential probiotic bacterium, Bacillus amyloliquefacians CS4 using solvent ethyl acetate and the cytotoxicity of bacterial extract was assessed against HeLa cell line through MTT assay. The crude extract exhibited cytotoxicity effect on HeLa cell lines with the effective half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 121.65µg/ml. The brine shrimp toxicity assay of crude extract revealed half maximal lethal concentration (LC50) value at 93.377μg/ml against Artemia salina. The zebra fish (Danio rerio) embryos were treated with different concentrations of extract upto 72 hpf and was found lowest survivability (36.6 %) at 200μg/ml concentration. The bioactive compounds and their functional groups of crude extract were identified using GC-MS and FTIR analyses. The secondary metabolites produced by B. amyloliquefacians CS4 have caused potential cytotoxic effects on cancer cell line and these compounds could be possibly used for the development of therapeutic agents, in relation to cancer drug discovery. &nbsp

IN VITRO ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITY OF NATIVE INDIAN SEAWEED SARGASSUM SP.

ABSTRACTObjectives: To investigate the antiplasmodial activity of three different solvent extracts of Sargassum tenerrimum against Plasmodium falciparum.Methods: The seaweed species of S. tenerrimum were collected from Rameshwaram, Southeast coast of India. The collected samples were dried andextracted with three different polaritic (hexane, acetone, and ethylacetate) solvents and tested against P. falciparum parasite strain.Results: Acetone extract exhibited better activity than the other two extracts. The inhibitory concentration values of acetone S. tenerrimum werefound to be 27.82 and 18.14 µg/ml at 24-48 hrs, respectively. S. tenerrimum crude extracts were subjected for the phytochemical analysis, and itshowed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, amino acids, and phenol compounds. The gas chromatography-massspectroscopy result reveals that the presence of 10 major and minor compounds in the S. tenerrimum extract. In that, cyclotrisiloxane hexamethylcompounds might be responsible for the effective parasite suppression.50Conclusion: It can be concluded from the present study that the acetone extract of S. tenerrimum has strong antiplasmodial activity. Furthermore, thestudy has been extended to the isolation of the possible active compounds that is responsible for the antiplasmodial properties.Keywords: Antiplasmodial assay, Different polaritic solvents, Plasmodium falciparum, Sargassum tenerrimum

Surgical Techniques in Ayurveda (Shalakya Tantra-Ent) Mentioned by Acharya Sushruta

In this article, we've covered the ENT surgery methods and techniques that Acharya Sushruta detailed in his famous book, the Sushruta Samhita. The founder of the Sushruta Samhita, Acharya Sushruta, is hailed as the "Father of Surgery" and "Father of Plastic Surgery." An essential component of Ayurveda is Shalakya Tantra, which focuses on the analysis and treatment of conditions affecting the mouth, nose, ears, teeth, throat, head, and eyes. Shalakya Tantra is described as "Shalakayah Yatkarma Shalakyam, Tat Pradhanam Tantram Shalakyam" by Acharya Dalhana. It denotes a location where Shalakas (instruments resembling rods) are utilised for therapeutic purposes. The Shalakya Tantra branch of Ayurveda deals with these instruments and how to employ them for therapeutic purposes. It can be found in numerous Ayurvedic treatises today. Sushruta Samhita contains the majority of the Shalakya Tantra, but it is also found here in fragmented form. Detailed discussions of surgical tools (yantras), various incision kinds, various suturing and bandaging techniques (bandha), fracture reductions, foreign body extraction techniques, etc. are contained in the Sushruta Samhita (about 600 BC). He also brought up the utilisation of reconstructive (Sandhana) surgery by Vaidyas even during the colonial era. Acharya gave a comprehensive explanation of ENT surgery procedures that are largely applicable and actual. Acharya Sushruta noticed that a number of fractures and dislocations connected to ENT can be treated. Today, many of the foreign body removal techniques he described are virtually same to those utilised then. Many conventional surgical techniques are still useful today.These interventions can be a tremendous help in learning new and cutting-edge practises with the help of contemporary advances. Our simple goal in writing this paper is to shed light on all the Shalakya Tantra subjects that are mentioned throughout Sushruta in various places

Assessment of Self-Care Practices among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients attending Health Care Centres of Urban Area of Hyderabad, India

Introduction: As per the International Diabetic Federation Atlas, 2021, 3 in 4 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus live in low and middle income countries. This represents a tremendous burden on the healthcare system of these countries. Self-care practices can mitigate the disease burden. Objectives: To assess the self-care practices among the type 2 patients using Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Method: A facility based cross sectional study was undertaken among adults aged 25-60 years using a modified SDSCA, validated in Indian settings to study the self-care practices in diabetic patients. The modified domains included practices on dietary modifications, regular physical activity, foot care, regular blood glucose monitoring, drug adherence and addictions. Mean scores of these domains in SDSCA were compared with HbA1c measurements. Statistical tests performed included unpaired T test and chi-square. Results: Mean age of the patients was 49.60+ 11.13 Years. There were about 117(54.4%) patients with controlled HbA1c measurements. There was a statistically significant association of dietary modifications, regular physical activity, foot care, drug adherence and addictions with controlled HbA1c measurements. (p value=0.05) Conclusion: Self-care practices can significantly alter diabetes control and prevent complications. Regular glucose monitoring was lacking in several patients and led to poor glycemic controls. These results can inform clinical practice and patient care for better management of the type 2 diabetes mellitus

The Homeobox Protein CEH-23 Mediates Prolonged Longevity in Response to Impaired Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain in C. elegans

Recent findings indicate that perturbations of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (METC) can cause extended longevity in evolutionarily diverse organisms. To uncover the molecular basis of how altered METC increases lifespan in C. elegans, we performed an RNAi screen and revealed that three predicted transcription factors are specifically required for the extended longevity of mitochondrial mutants. In particular, we demonstrated that the nuclear homeobox protein CEH-23 uniquely mediates the longevity but not the slow development, reduced brood size, or resistance to oxidative stress associated with mitochondrial mutations. Furthermore, we showed that ceh-23 expression levels are responsive to altered METC, and enforced overexpression of ceh-23 is sufficient to extend lifespan in wild-type background. Our data point to mitochondria-to-nucleus communications to be key for longevity determination and highlight CEH-23 as a novel longevity factor capable of responding to mitochondrial perturbations. These findings provide a new paradigm for how mitochondria impact aging and age-dependent diseases