Aplicación móvil basada en realidad aumentada como aporte cultural e informativo de la gastronomía de Guayaquil

pdfLa tecnología de Realidad Aumentada permite interactuar con el contenido virtual dentro del entorno real, el cual le da un valor importante para aprovechar y aplicar dentro del sector gastronómico de Guayaquil. La tesis se centra en el desarrollo de una aplicación multimedia con la Realidad Aumentada y su implementación como aporte informativo de los platos típicos oriundos de Guayaquil. El usuario puede interactuar con un código QR y ver la información histórica del plato. El proyecto busca incorporar tecnología que apoye con los proyectos de inclusión del Ministerio de Turismo y ayude a promocionar, dando muchos beneficios dentro del ámbito gastronómico; empezando por el Mercado del Río localizado en el Malecón 2,000, lugar emblemático de la ciudad. Se realizaron entrevistas, encuestas con la técnica de muestreo aleatorio sistemático y con la ayuda de la observación y la experiencia se llegó a la conclusión que la aplicación Riospot tiene una gran aceptación por parte de los comensales. Además, el uso de estas aplicaciones móviles con Realidad Aumentada servirá a otros espacios gastronómicos de Guayaquil a incluir esta novedad y que ayude a fomentar las visitas para que la experiencia sea diferente, informativa e innovadora.Augmented Reality technology allows interacting with virtual content within the real environment, which gives it an important value to take advantage and apply in the gastronomic sector of Guayaquil. The thesis focuses on the development of a multimedia application with Augmented Reality and its implementation as an informative contribution to native dishes from Guayaquil. The user can interact with a QR code and view the historical information of the dish. The project seeks to incorporate technology that supports inclusion projects of the Ecuadorian Ministry of Tourism and to help promote, giving many benefits in the gastronomic field; starting with the Mercado del Río located on Malecón 2,000, an emblematic place in the city. Interviews and surveys were carried out with the systematic random sampling technique and with the help of observation and experience it was concluded that the Riospot application is widely accepted by diners. In addition, the use of these mobile applications with Augmented Reality will help other gastronomic spaces in Guayaquil to include this novelty and help encourage visits so experience is different, informative and innovative

The effects of native shrub, fencing, and acorn size on the emergence of contrasting co-occurring oak in Mediterranean grazed areas

Producción CientíficaResearch Highlights: The regeneration of Quercus species is usually very difficult in many oak woodlands transformed by livestock farming. Some studies have reported that shrubs can facilitate regeneration. However, the strength of interaction may vary depending on, among other factors, the shrub species and the stress tolerance of the oak species. Moreover, further studies are necessary to clarify the relative importance of the two facilitation mechanisms in the same community. Background and Objectives: Cytisus multiflorus (L’Her.) Sweet is a predominant shrub species in the Mediterranean grazed open-oak-woodlands found in the central west of the Iberian Peninsula (bioclimatic limit) and is present with Quercus pyrenaicaWilld and Quercus ilex subsp. ballota Samp trees. Thus, we assessed the effect of these native shrubs and acorn size, and the effect of excluding large herbivores, on the seedling emergence of two contrasting co-occurring Quercus species under a bioclimatic limit. Materials and Methods: A manipulative field experiment was carried out considering four treatments as a combination of shrubs (shrub/no-shrub) and fence (fenced/open) factors. A total of twenty plots, five replicates for each treatment were available. In each plot, 20 acorns were sown: 10 acorns (5 small and 5 large) for each Quercus species. Acorn emergence was recorded during the first four years following the sowing. Results: Seedling emergence took place mostly in the spring of the first year after sowing. The presence of shrub was the main significant factor and incremented the emergence of both Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica. The effect of the fence depended on the Quercus species considered, improving only the emergence of Q. pyrenaica. A negative effect with the small acorns was detected but only for Q. pyrenaica. In all treatments, Q. ilex emerged more than Q. pyrenaica. Conclusions: C. multiflorus had a clear facilitative effect on the seedling emergence of Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica, which was much greater than the physical effect that acorn size and excluding large herbivores had. As such, this native shrub may have a key role in oak regeneration in Mediterranean grazed areas. Furthermore, in these areas of contact between marcescent and sclerophyllous Quercus species, Q. ilex currently emerges more than Q. pyrenaica. This could be indicative of a shift towards more xeric climatic conditions, which could lead to a change in the dominant tree species in the future. However, this change could be modulated by the effects of native shrub and large herbivores.Junta de Castilla y León - (Project SA013G19)Universidad de Salamanca - (Programa de financiación de grupos de investigación (2014/00165/001)

The Effects of Native Shrub, Fencing, and Acorn Size on the Emergence of Contrasting Co-Occurring Oak in Mediterranean Grazed Areas

[ENG]Research Highlights: The regeneration of Quercus species is usually very difficult in many oak woodlands transformed by livestock farming. Some studies have reported that shrubs can facilitate regeneration. However, the strength of interaction may vary depending on, among other factors, the shrub species and the stress tolerance of the oak species. Moreover, further studies are necessary to clarify the relative importance of the two facilitation mechanisms in the same community. Background and Objectives: Cytisus multiflorus (L’Her.) Sweet is a predominant shrub species in the Mediterranean grazed open-oak-woodlands found in the central west of the Iberian Peninsula (bioclimatic limit) and is present with Quercus pyrenaicaWilld and Quercus ilex subsp. ballota Samp trees. Thus, we assessed the effect of these native shrubs and acorn size, and the effect of excluding large herbivores, on the seedling emergence of two contrasting co-occurring Quercus species under a bioclimatic limit. Materials and Methods: A manipulative field experiment was carried out considering four treatments as a combination of shrubs (shrub/no-shrub) and fence (fenced/open) factors. A total of twenty plots, five replicates for each treatment were available. In each plot, 20 acorns were sown: 10 acorns (5 small and 5 large) for each Quercus species. Acorn emergence was recorded during the first four years following the sowing. Results: Seedling emergence took place mostly in the spring of the first year after sowing. The presence of shrub was the main significant factor and incremented the emergence of both Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica. The effect of the fence depended on the Quercus species considered, improving only the emergence of Q. pyrenaica. A negative effect with the small acorns was detected but only for Q. pyrenaica. In all treatments, Q. ilex emerged more than Q. pyrenaica. Conclusions: C. multiflorus had a clear facilitative effect on the seedling emergence of Q. ilex and Q. pyrenaica, which was much greater than the physical effect that acorn size and excluding large herbivores had. As such, this native shrub may have a key role in oak regeneration in Mediterranean grazed areas. Furthermore, in these areas of contact between marcescent and sclerophyllous Quercus species, Q. ilex currently emerges more than Q. pyrenaica. This could be indicative of a shift towards more xeric climatic conditions, which could lead to a change in the dominant tree species in the future. However, this change could be modulated by the effects of native shrub and large herbivores

New Insight on Phenolic Composition and Evaluation of the Vitamin C and Nutritional Value of Smoothies Sold on the Spanish Market

Fruits and vegetables are a source of a wide range of nutrients, including bioactive compounds. These compounds have great biological activity and have been linked to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. Currently, the food industry is developing new products to introduce these compounds, whereby smoothies are becoming more popular among consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality and the polyphenol and vitamin C content of smoothies available on the Spanish market. An evaluation of the nutritional information and ingredients was carried out. The phenolic compounds were determined by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS; the vitamin C content was quantified using HPLC-UV/VIS; and the antioxidant activity was analyzed by DPPH and FRAP. Among all of the ingredients of the smoothies, coconut and banana have shown a negative impact on the polyphenol content of the smoothies. In contrast, ingredients such as orange, mango, and passion fruit had a positive correlation with the vitamin C content. Moreover, apple and red fruits showed the highest positive correlations with most of the phenolic acids, flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities. In addition, a clustering analysis was performed, and four groups were clearly defined according to the bioactive composition determined here. This research is a precious step for the formulation of new smoothies and to increase their polyphenol quality.SHEALTHY project from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program 81793

QoS in wireless sensor networks: survey and approach

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a computer wireless network composed of spatially distributed and autonomous tiny nodes -- smart dust sensors, motes -, which cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. Nowadays these kinds of networks support a wide range of applications, such as target tracking, security, environmental control, habitat monitoring, source detection, source localization, vehicular and traffic monitoring, health monitoring, building and industrial monitoring, etc. Many of these applications have strong requirements for end-to-end delay and losses during data transmissions. In this work we have classified the main mechanisms that have been proposed to provide Quality of Service (QoS) in WSN at Medium Access Control (MAC) and network layers. Finally, taking into account some particularities of the studied MAC- and network-layer protocols, we have selected a real application scenario in order to show how to choose an appropriate approach for guaranteeing performance in a WSN deployed application

Mathematical modelling of drying kinetics of avocado peels and its influence on flavan-3-ols content and antioxidant activity

This study was supported by project RTI2018-099835-A-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa”, and by the project Proyectos I + D + i del Programa Operativo FEDER 2020 cod. B-AGR-506-UGR20.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUAAvocado peel is one of the main by-products of avocado processing and is considered a promising source of phenolic compounds with various bioactivities. The drying step is essential for its storage at the industrial level, and it is the first step in the strategy of transforming by-products into functional ingredients. Therefore, this research evaluates the effect of the convective air-drying of avocado peels at three different temperatures (40, 60 and 80 ◦C) and airflows (0, 0.8 and 1.6 m/s) on the flavan-3-ols content and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the mathematical modelling of its drying kinetic was developed. A decrease in the flavan-3-ol and antioxidant content was found with increasing temperatures. However, a high impact of the airflow reducing the drying time and limiting the decrease in interesting compounds was found. Among the tested mathematical models, the Page model reported the highest values of R2 (from 0.9907 to 0.9973) and the lowest errors for most of the tem- peratures and airflows tested. However, at 80 ◦C with airflow, the Lewis model seemed to fit better (R2 = 0.9982). Finally, the drying conditions that showed the lowest decrease in procyanidin and antioxidants were 40 ◦C and an airflow of 1.6 m/s for 105 min.MCIN/AEI/FEDER "Una manera de hacer Europa" RTI2018-099835-A-I00Project Proyectos I + D + i del Programa Operativo FEDER 2020 B-AGR-506-UGR2

New Advances in the Phenolic Composition of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) By-Products

Acknowledgments: Vito Verardo thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) for “Ramon y Cajal” contract (RYC-2015-18795). The authors would like to thank the Puleva company for providing “horchata” by-products.“Horchata” is a well-known Spanish beverage obtained from pressing tiger nuts. Its by-product is a potential source of sugar and fiber but also contains polyphenols; thus, it could be used as a new ingredient in the food industry. The aim of this work is to determine the phenolic compounds and compare the phenolic profile of two tiger nut by-products. A Box–Behnken design has been carried out to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds from tiger nut by-products by ultrasound technology. The independent factors were time (min), ethanol/water (% v/v), and solvent/sample ratio (v/w). The model was validated and confirmed by ANOVA. A Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) of Valencia and a non-Protected Designation of Origin (n-PDO) tiger nut by-products were extracted under the optimal conditions and were characterized by HPLC-DADESI- TOF-MS (High Performance Liquid Chropatography coupled to a photodiode array time-offlight mass detector). Moreover, their antioxidant activities measured by three different methods (DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,20-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]- diammonium salt) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power)) were compared. A total of 45 polar compounds were identified, and the phenolic ones were quantified, some of them for the first time. PDO tiger nut by-product has been demonstrated to be richer in phenolic acids and other polyphenols and has higher antioxidant activity; meanwhile, n-PDO tiger nut by-product is richer in phenol precursors

Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Flavan-3-ols Extraction from Avocado By-Products via Sonotrode Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction

Avocado peel and seed are the main by-products of avocado processing and are considered as promising sources of phenolic compounds with biological activities. Thus, this research focuses on the establishment, for the first time, of ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavan-3-ols with high antioxidant activity from avocado peel and seed using a sonotrode. Indeed, 2 Box–Behnken designs were performed for 15 experiments, with each design having three independent factors (ratio ethanol/water (v/v), time (min) and amplitude (%)). In both models, the responses included total procyanidins (flavan-3-ols) measured via HPLC-FLD and antioxidant activity measured via DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. The results showed that applying the sonotrode extraction method could increase flavan-3-ols recovery by 54% and antioxidant activity by 62–76% compared to ultrasound bath technology. Therefore, this technology was demonstrated to be a non-thermal, low time-consuming and scalable method that allowed the recovery of flavan-3-ols from avocado by-products that could be used as functional ingredientsSHEALTHY project, which receives funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant number 817936The project RTI2018-099835-A-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER “Una manera Antioxidants 2023, 12, 1409 12 of 13 de hacer Europa”Project Proyectos I + D + i del Programa Operativo FEDER 2020 cod. B-AGR-506-UGR2