Estudio de factibilidad de una empresa dedicada a la confección y la comercialización de lencería para camas asépticas

CD-T 658.11 D543; 105 pUniversidad Libre Seccional Pereir

Distinctive morphological features of Sargassum desfontainesii (Fucales, Phaeophyceae)

Sargassum desfontainesii (Fucales, Phaeophyceae), an Atlantic species recognisable by the unusual shape of blades (filiform and several times forked, instead of the typical leaflike laterals of most species of Sargassum) is morphologically re-examined in populations from the Canary Islands. Previous descriptions were exclusively based on pressed dried specimens and they are inexact for several diagnostic features. Fresh specimens exhibit (1) primary and secondary branches regularly cylindrical with smooth surface (never subangular, slightly compressed or spinous), (2) blades exclusively terete (never linear or triquetrous with a central percurrent midrib), (3) vesicles mostly muticous, but vesicles ending in a short coronal blade, or supported on a forked stalk are relatively common, and (4) male receptacles longer and more slender than the androgynous receptacles. Although until now the species has been considered as a genuine member of the subgenus Phyllotrichia, Sargassum desfontainesii lacks certain distinctive features, such as the distichous and compressed primary branches, and the linear, pinnately branched lower blades. It is suggested that this species should be placed in the subgenus Sargassum, section Malacocarpicae, subsection Cymosae

Variación estacional y formas de vida de las algas epífitas en el endemismo canario Sargassum orotavicum (Fucales, Phaeophyta)

35 especies de algas (22 Rhodophyta, 2 Phaeophyta, 3 Chlorophyta y 3 Cyanophyta) fueron identificadas creciendo como epífitos sobre Sargassum orotavicum en poblaciones de Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife (islas Canarias) a lo largo de un ciclo anual. Entre las formas de vida las efimerofíceas (21 especies) fueron dominantes, y menos frecuentes las hipnofíceas (4 especies), fanerofíceas (8 especies) y las camefíceas (2 especies). En las porciones perennes de S. orotavicum (disco y estipes) crecieron 20 especies (tanto efimerofíceas como fanerofíceas), y en las porciones que se renuevan anualmente (ramas, filoides, aerocistes y receptáculos), 19 especies (mayoritariamente efimerofíceas). Sólo 4 especies crecieron tanto en las porciones perennes como en las anuales. El número de especies epífitas se mantuvo más o menos constante a lo largo del año. Pero, el número de epífitos en disco y estipes mostró el valor más elevado en otoño, mientras que en las porciones anuales los valores más elevados ocurrieron en primavera y verano. El mayor número de especies efimerofíceas ocurrió en otoño y el menor en invierno; las fanerofíceas mostraron máximos en primavera y mínimos en verano y otoño. Se sugiere que la exudación de sustancias fenólicas puede ser responsable del reducido número de especies que crecen como epífitos en S. orotavicum.35 species of algae (22 Rhodophyta, 2 Phaeophyta, 3 Chlorophyta and 3 Cyanophyta) were identified growing as epiphytes on Sargassum orotavicum in a population of Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife (Canary Islands) throughout an annual cycle. Among the life forms, the ephemerophyceae (21 species) were dominant, and less frequent the hypnophyceae (4 species), phanerophyceae (8 species) and chamaephyceae (2 species). In the perennial portions of S. orotavicum (holdfast and stipes) 20 species grew (ephemerophyceae and phanerophyceae), and in the portions that annually renew (branches, blades, vesicles and receptacles) 19 species (mainly ephemerophyceae). Only 4 species grew both on the perennial portions and in the annual ones. The number of epiphytic species was more or less constant throughout the year. But, the number of epiphytes on holdfast and stipes showed the highest value in autumn, whereas in the annual portions the highest values occurred in spring and summer. The greatest number of ephemerophyceae species occurred in autumn and the lowest in winter; the phanerophyceae showed maximum value in spring and minimum in summer and autumn. It is suggested that exudation of phenolic substances may be responsible of the reduced number of species that grow as epiphytes on S. orotavicum

Vegetative and reproductive morphology of Sargassum orotavicum sp. nov. (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) from the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic Ocean)

A population of seaweeds from the Canary Islands successively reported as Sargassum diversifolium, S. vulgare f. diversifolium, or S. vulgare was examined monthly at the climax of vegetative and reproductive stage development to evaluate morphological taxonomic features. The primary and secondary blades are morphologically different (primary blades are spirally twisted and sinuous with serrate to nearly entire margins, whereas secondary blades are thinner with entire to slightly dentate-serrate margins); the vesicles are subspherical to slightly oblong, muticous or ending in a mucro or in a coronal blade; and the receptacles are furnished with spines. These characters are not applicable to Sargassum diversifolium, or to an infraspecific taxon of Sargassum vulgare or S. furcatum as previously suggested, and consequently, Sargassum orotavicum sp. nov. is described. Nomenclatural problems related to the name diversifolium and the affinities of the species involved are presented. According to their morphological characters, S. orotavicum, S. vulgare and S. furcatum belong to the subgenus Sargassum. However, S. vulgare and S. furcatum constitute genuine species of the subsection Cymosae of the section Malacocarpicae, whereas S. orotavicum appears related to species of the subsection Biserrulae of the section Acanthocarpicae

Adiciones a la flora de algas marinas bentónicas de El Hierro (islas Canarias)

Veinticinco especies de algas marinas bentónicas (cinco Cyanophyta, catorce Rhodophyta y seis Chlorophyta) son citadas por primera vez para la isla de El Hierro. Las especies fueron recolectadas en el eulitoral y el sublitoral en la zona de uso tradicional de la ‘Reserva Marina del Mar de Las Calmas’. Se presentan datos sobre el hábitat y la distribución regional de las especies.Twenty-five species of benthic marine algae (five Cyanophyta, fourteen Rhodophyta, and six Chlorophyta) are reported for the first time for the island of El Hierro. Species were collected in the eulittoral and sublittoral in the zone for traditional activities of the ‘Reserva Marina del Mar de Las Calmas’. Data concerning the habitat and the regional distribution of the species are presented

New records of benthic marine algae from the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic Ocean): morphology, taxonomy and distribution

Four species of marine algae are reported from the Canary Islands for the first time. Our report of the western Atlantic Gelidiella setacea (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) is the first from the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Pseudotetraspora marina (Tetrasporales, Chlorophyta) previously known on the eastern side of the Atlantic Ocean from temperate saltmarshes only, is now reported growing in the shallow sublittoral zone, the habitat in which tropical western Atlantic populations also occur. The presence of Lomentaria chylocladiella (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) represents the first report in the Atlantic Ocean of a species previously thought to be endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. The record of the widely distributed Acrochaetium hallandicum (Acrochaetiales, Rhodophyta) was not unexpected. Specimens of A. hallandicum have vegetative cells with a single lobate parietal chloroplast with a single pyrenoid, a feature that among acrochaetioid algae occurs exclusive in the genus Colaconema (Colaconematales), and consequently the species is transferred to this genus. Fertile sporophytes are described for Gelidiella setacea, a species previously known only in its vegetative condition. Cruciately to irregularly divided sporangia are regularly arranged in transverse rows in stichidia laterally formed on the axes. The species is transferred to the genus Parviphycus on the basis of the morphology of the stichidia and the distichous pattern of apical division exhibited by the axes, both exclusive features of this genus

Spatial variability, structure and composition of crustose algal communities in Diadema africanum barrens

Crustose algal communities were studied in Diadema africanum urchin barrens around Tenerife (Canary Islands, NE Atlantic). A hierarchical nested sampling design was used to study patterns of community variability at different spatial scales (sectors, three sides of the island; sites within each sector, 5–10 km apart; stations within each site, 50–100 m apart). Although noncrustose species contributed the most to community richness, cover was dominated by crustose forms, like the coralline algae Hydrolithon farinosum, H. samoe¨nse, H. onkodes, Neogoniolithon orotavicum and N. hirtum, and the phaeophycean Pseudolithoderma adriaticum. The structure of these communities showed high spatial variability, and we found differences in the structure of urchin barrens when compared across different spatial scales. Multivariate analysis showed that variability in community structure was related to the five environmental variables studied (wave exposure, urchin density, substrate roughness, productivity and depth). Wave exposure was the variable that contributed most to community variability, followed by urchin density and substrate roughness. Productivity and depth had limited influence. The effects of these variables differed depending on the spatial scale; wave exposure and productivity were the main variables influencing community changes at the largest scale (between different sectors of the island), while D. africanum density, roughness and depth were the most influential at medium and small scales

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and breast cancer risk by pathological subtype (MCC-Spain)

Epidemiologic evidence on the association between vitamin D and breast cancer is still inconclusive. This study analyzes the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and breast cancer risk by pathologic subtype, stage at diagnosis and specific breast cancer risk factors. We conducted a population-based multicase-control study where 546 histologically-confirmed breast cancer cases and 558 population controls, frequently matched by geographic area, age and body mass index, were recruited in 12 Spanish provinces (MCC-Spain). Information was collected by a questionnaire and plasma 25(OH)D was measured by solid-phase extraction on-line coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using logistic and multinomial mixed regression models. We found a clear protective effect between 25(OH)D levels and breast cancer risk, with a significant dose-response trend (OR per 10?nmol/L?=?0.88; 95%CI?=?0.82-0.94). While no differences were observed between pre and postmenopausal women, stage at diagnosis, or across strata of the main breast cancer risk factors, the protection was more pronounced for triple negative tumors (OR per 10?nmol/L?=?0.64; p-heterogeneity?=?0.038). Similar results were observed when only cases sampled in the first month after diagnosis were considered. The protective effect of vitamin D on breast cancer risk may be subtype specific, being stronger for more aggressive tumors, which provides a new approach to prevent this disease.The study was funded by Carlos III Institute of Health grants (PI12/00488, PI12/00265, PI12/00715, PI12/01270, PI09/00773 and PI08/1770), by the Spanish Ministry of Health (EC11-273), by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (IJCI-2014-20900) and by Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI-0571-2009) competitive calls including peer review for scientific quality. Additional funding was provided by the Spanish Federation of Breast Cancer Patients (FECMA: EPY 1169-10), the Association of Women with Breast Cancer from Elche (AMACMEC: EPY 1394/15), the Marqués de Valdecilla foundation (grant API 10/09), and by Acción Transversal del Cancer, approved by the Spanish Ministry Council on October 11, 2007. None of the funders played any role in conducting research or writing the paper. This article presents independent research. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Carlos III Institute of Health