Síntomas musculoesqueléticos en operadores logísticos de una empresa de envíos de Santander (Colombia)

Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas musculoesqueléticos en operadores logísticos de una empresa de envíos de Santander. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo trasversal, con la participación de 67 trabajadores de sexo masculino; se analizó el autorreporte de síntomas musculoesqueléticos con el Cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado. Resultados.  El promedio de edad fue de 31 años. El 54% de la población tiene sobrepeso, llevan en promedio 4,7 años en la labor y trabajan en promedio 70 horas semanales. La zona con mayor prevalencia de molestias es la espalda baja, con el 76%. Del total de casos, el 48% presentó molestias en más de un segmento corporal y el 37% en solo una zona del cuerpo, el 85% de la población reportaron al menos un síntoma musculoesquelético. Conclusión. La región de la espalda baja presentó mayor sintomatología con el 76%, seguido de los hombros y el cuello. La región que menos síntomas reportaron los trabajadores es a nivel de codos. Palabras clave: Dolor lumbar; Síntoma musculoesquelético; Manipulación manual de cargas; Cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado; Logístic

Impact of different cropping conditions and tillage practices on the soil fungal abundance of a <i>Phaeozem luvico</i>

Fungal diversity seems to be a good indicator of ecosystem disturbance and functioning. The purpose of this work was to quantify the fungal population as a sensitive indicator of the changes caused by stubble placement in two tillage systems: reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT) with and without cropping. To this end, we determined the effect of soil disturbances such as N fertilization, tillage practice, and cropped area on the soil fungal communities of a Phaeozem luvico of the El Salado river basin (Argentina). Soil samples (at 0-10 cm depth) were collected from a field cultivated with wheat at post-harvest, before sowing and at tillering. The relative abundance of individuals of the fungal population was studied on Nash Snyder and Oxgall agar media after different treatments and assessed as colony forming units (CFU/g of soil). The diversity of the fungal population was studied by Shannon´s index (H). The tillage system showed a marked effect only at post-harvest and the number of propagules was highest under RT for both culture media. The largest values of H were found only at post-harvest when Oxgall agar was used. A significant decrease in the values of H was observed when CT and high fertilization was applied in the wheat cropped area. The relative abundance of individuals of the fungal population was different in soils under the different tillage practices.Centro de Investigaciones en Fitopatologí

Impact of different cropping conditions and tillage practices on the soil fungal abundance of a <i>Phaeozem luvico</i>

Fungal diversity seems to be a good indicator of ecosystem disturbance and functioning. The purpose of this work was to quantify the fungal population as a sensitive indicator of the changes caused by stubble placement in two tillage systems: reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT) with and without cropping. To this end, we determined the effect of soil disturbances such as N fertilization, tillage practice, and cropped area on the soil fungal communities of a Phaeozem luvico of the El Salado river basin (Argentina). Soil samples (at 0-10 cm depth) were collected from a field cultivated with wheat at post-harvest, before sowing and at tillering. The relative abundance of individuals of the fungal population was studied on Nash Snyder and Oxgall agar media after different treatments and assessed as colony forming units (CFU/g of soil). The diversity of the fungal population was studied by Shannon´s index (H). The tillage system showed a marked effect only at post-harvest and the number of propagules was highest under RT for both culture media. The largest values of H were found only at post-harvest when Oxgall agar was used. A significant decrease in the values of H was observed when CT and high fertilization was applied in the wheat cropped area. The relative abundance of individuals of the fungal population was different in soils under the different tillage practices.Centro de Investigaciones en Fitopatologí

N-substituted Aminobiphenyl Palladacycles Stabilized by Dialkylterphenyl Phosphanes: Preparation and Applications in C[sbnd]N Cross-coupling Reactions

Neutral and cationic N-methyl- and N-phenyl-2-aminobiphenyl methanesulfonate palladacycles stabilized with dialkylterphenyl phosphanes have been prepared and characterized. Neutral structures are favored with the less bulky phosphane PMe2ArXyl2, L1, while more sterically demanding ligands PiPr2ArXyl2, L3, and PCyp2ArXyl2 (Cyp = cyclopentyl), L4, lead to cationic complexes in which the phosphane exhibits a bidentate κ1-P, η1-Carene coordination mode involving one of the ipso carbon atoms of a flanking terphenyl aryl ring. The complexes were evaluated for activity in C[sbnd]N cross-coupling reactions and [Pd(N-methyl-2-aminobiphenyl)L4](OMs) (OMs = mesylate) was identified as the most efficient precatalyst, facilitating the coupling of aryl chlorides with secondary and primary amines and indoles.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2017-82893-C2-2-RJunta de Andalucía US-126226

Impact of different cropping conditions and tillage practices on the soil fungal abundance of a <i>Phaeozem luvico</i>

Fungal diversity seems to be a good indicator of ecosystem disturbance and functioning. The purpose of this work was to quantify the fungal population as a sensitive indicator of the changes caused by stubble placement in two tillage systems: reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT) with and without cropping. To this end, we determined the effect of soil disturbances such as N fertilization, tillage practice, and cropped area on the soil fungal communities of a Phaeozem luvico of the El Salado river basin (Argentina). Soil samples (at 0-10 cm depth) were collected from a field cultivated with wheat at post-harvest, before sowing and at tillering. The relative abundance of individuals of the fungal population was studied on Nash Snyder and Oxgall agar media after different treatments and assessed as colony forming units (CFU/g of soil). The diversity of the fungal population was studied by Shannon´s index (H). The tillage system showed a marked effect only at post-harvest and the number of propagules was highest under RT for both culture media. The largest values of H were found only at post-harvest when Oxgall agar was used. A significant decrease in the values of H was observed when CT and high fertilization was applied in the wheat cropped area. The relative abundance of individuals of the fungal population was different in soils under the different tillage practices.Centro de Investigaciones en Fitopatologí

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO