164 research outputs found
MagyarorszĂĄg ĂĄrvaszĂșnyog-faunĂĄjĂĄnak (Diptera: Chironomidae) jegyzĂ©ke az elĆfordulĂĄsi adatok Ă©s sajĂĄtossĂĄgok feltĂŒntetĂ©sĂ©vel | Checklist of the non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) of Hungary with notes on records and peculiarity of the occurence of the species
Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok (Chironomidae) csalĂĄdja a legjelentĆsebb vĂzi gerinctelen
ĂĄllatcsoportok közĂ© tartozik. KĂ©pviselĆik lĂĄrvĂĄit egyarĂĄnt megtalĂĄlhatjuk ĂĄllĂłvizekben
Ă©s vĂzfolyĂĄsokban, az ĂŒledĂ©kben Ă©s a vĂzinövĂ©nyzet között, sĆt egyes fajaik (pl. több
Smittia faj, Axarus fungorum) terresztris Ă©lĆhelyeken (ĂŒrĂŒlĂ©kben, gombĂĄkban) fejlĆdnek. Ezen kĂvĂŒl ismerĂŒnk hĂnĂĄr- Ă©s mocsĂĄrinövĂ©nyekben aknĂĄzĂł (pl.
Glyptotendipes gripekoveni), illetve gerincteleneken ektoparazita (pl. Epoicocladius flavens) lĂĄrvĂĄjĂș fajokat is. Az imĂĄgĂłk gyakran nagy csapatokban rajzanak a part
menti növĂ©nyzet, illetve a vĂz felszĂne felett.
A sok és sokféle ökológiai igényƱ faj, amelyek között szép szåmmal vannak
több környezeti tĂ©nyezĆre is szƱk tƱrĆkĂ©pessĂ©gƱek, nagy indikĂĄtorĂ©rtĂ©ket ad a csalĂĄdnak, s Ăgy rendkĂvĂŒl jelentĆssĂ© vĂĄlnak a vĂzminĆsĂ©g jellemzĂ©sĂ©ben, amirĆl hazĂĄnkban is szĂĄmos munkĂĄban beszĂĄmoltak (DĂVAI 1990; DĂVAI et al. 1980, 1993,
1994; SZĂTĂ 1997a, 1997b, 1998a, 1998b, 1999c). A tavak tipizĂĄlĂĄsĂĄt is elvĂ©geztĂ©k
az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyog-fauna alapjĂĄn, amelynek hazai kĂ©rdĂ©seivel BERCZIK (1957a) foglalkozott.
Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok fontos elemei a tĂĄplĂĄlĂ©klĂĄncnak, növĂ©nyevĆk, ragadozĂłk
Ă©s törmelĂ©kevĆk egyarĂĄnt megtalĂĄlhatĂłk közöttĂŒk. JelentĆs haltĂĄplĂĄlĂ©kszervezetek
(BERINKEY Ă©s FARKAS 1956; BĂRĂ P. 1974; BĂRĂ P. Ă©s B. MUSKĂ 1995; BĂRĂ
P. et al. 1999, 2003; ENTZ 1957; ENTZ Ă©s LUKACSOVICS 1957; JĂSZFALUSI Ă©s
PAPP 1966; SPECZIĂR Ă©s BĂRĂ P. 1999a; SPECZIĂR et al. 1997; TĂTRAI Ă©s
PONYI 1976; TĂLG 1959, 1960).
Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok szerepe meghatĂĄrozĂł lehet az anyagforgalomban is, pĂ©ldĂĄul egy-egy kirepĂŒlĂ©s sorĂĄn jelentĆs mennyisĂ©gƱ szerves anyagot tĂĄvolĂthatnak el
a vĂztĂ©rbĆl (BERCZIK 1962b; DĂVAI 1984, 1988, 1992, 1993; DĂVAI et al. 1979;
OLĂH 1976; SPECZIĂR 2000; SPECZIĂR Ă©s BĂRĂ P. 1999b; TĂTRAI 1982a,
1982b, 1985, 1986, 1989). GazdasĂĄgi jelentĆsĂ©gĂŒk sem elhanyagolhatĂł, kĂĄrtĂ©telĂŒk
szĂĄmottevĆ lehet pĂ©ldĂĄul rizsföldeken (BOGNĂR 1958; BOGNĂR Ă©s NAGY 1962;
MEGYERI Ă©s SZEKĂR 1957; SZEKĂR 1953; SZILVĂSSY 1963; SZILVĂSSY Ă©s
SZĂTĂ 1971, 1982; SZĂTĂ 1971, 1972; ZILAHI-SEBESS 1954).
JelentĆsĂ©gĂŒk ellenĂ©re a hazai faunĂĄt kevĂ©ssĂ© ismerjĂŒk, ami elsĆsorban taxonĂłmiai nehĂ©zsĂ©gekre vezethetĆ vissza. Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok jelenlegi osztĂĄlyozĂĄsa az
összes Ă©letstĂĄdium jellemzĆinek egyidejƱ figyelembe vĂ©telĂ©vel törtĂ©nik. Ez nem
mindig volt Ăgy, Ă©s a legĂșjabb taxonĂłmiai vizsgĂĄlatokig az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogoknĂĄl kĂ©tfĂ©le
osztålyozås létezett. Az egyik kizårólag az imågók vizsgålatån alapult, ami kevés és
nagy fajszĂĄmĂș gĂ©nuszt eredmĂ©nyezett. A mĂĄsik, csak a lĂĄrvĂĄk vizsgĂĄlatĂĄn alapulĂł
rendszerre a sok, kis fajszĂĄmĂș gĂ©nusz volt jellemzĆ. A kĂ©tfĂ©le osztĂĄlyozĂĄs egymĂĄstĂłl elkĂŒlönĂŒlten lĂ©tezett, amely rendkĂvĂŒli mĂłdon megnehezĂti a rĂ©gebben közölt
fajok modern szemlĂ©let alapjĂĄn törtĂ©nĆ besorolĂĄsĂĄt. LeĂrtak fajokat bĂĄbok, illetve
bĂĄbbĆrök vizsgĂĄlata alapjĂĄn is, ami tovĂĄbb bonyolĂtja az egyes fajok pontos taxonĂłmiai besorolĂĄsĂĄt. TovĂĄbbi gondot jelent, hogy sok taxonnĂĄl napjainkban is folyik a
taxonĂłmiai revĂziĂł (pl. Procladius, Einfeldia), ennek köszönhetĆen sok faj taxonĂłmiai
hovatartozåsa még mindig nem egyértelmƱ. Sok esetben (pl. Chironomus
gĂ©nusz) a rokon fajok morfolĂłgiai bĂ©lyegek alapjĂĄn nem kĂŒlönĂthetĆk el egymĂĄstĂłl
egyĂ©rtelmƱen, a biztos azonosĂtĂĄs csak modern taxonĂłmiai mĂłdszerek (kariolĂłgia,
enzimolĂłgia, pĂĄsztĂĄzĂł elektronmikroszkĂłpia) segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel vĂ©gezhetĆ el, amint erre
a hazai fauna vizsgĂĄlata sorĂĄn a Chironomus fajokon DĂVAI Ă©s munkatĂĄrsai (DĂVAI et al. 1983b, 1984a; DĂVAI Ă©s PRECZNER 1985) is rĂĄmutattak.
MunkĂĄnk cĂ©lja a hazai ĂĄrvaszĂșnyog-fauna minĂ©l alaposabb feltĂĄrĂĄsa Ă©s megismerĂ©se. Ennek elsĆ ĂĄllomĂĄsa a teljes hazai szakirodalom feldolgozĂĄsa, majd ennek
alapjĂĄn a hazĂĄnk terĂŒletĂ©rĆl eddig leĂrt fajok szĂĄmbavĂ©tele Ă©s a legfrissebb taxonĂłmiai eredmĂ©nyek alapjĂĄn törtĂ©nĆ revĂziĂłja volt.
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The family of non-biting midges (Chironomidae) is one of the
largest families of Diptera. Although it is one of the best known and studied
families of dipterous flies, the knowledge on the chironomid fauna of Hungary is
still largely incomplete. This is a checklist of non-biting midges found through
the end of 2004 with the utmost references to their reliable records in the
territory of modern Hungary. The list is based mainly on a review of the
literature. During the last 104 years 227 works on Chironomidae have been
published. 114 of them include faunistical data. Hitherto a total of 6 subfamilies,
96 genera and 228 species are known to occur in Hungary, and further 26
genera and 90 species are expected to occur. In addition, the list includes 34
nomina dubia and 11 names which cannot be placed in the modern
classification. In the cases of all species the synonymies, the distributional and
the ecological data are given and the citations on their occurrence in Hungary
are listed
ĂrvaszĂșnyog-faunisztikai (Diptera: Chironomidae) vizsgĂĄlatok felsĆ-Tisza-vidĂ©ki holtmedrekben | Faunistical investigation on non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) from backwaters at the Upper-Tisza region
2004-ben Ă©s 2005-ben vĂ©gzett vizsgĂĄlataink sorĂĄn kilenc felsĆ Tisza-vidĂ©ki holtmederbĆl gyƱjtöttĂŒnk ĂĄrvaszĂșnyoglĂĄrvĂĄkat. Ăsszesen 41
taxont azonosĂtottunk, amelyek közĂŒl 8 a Tanypodinae, 2 az Orthocladiinae, 31
a Chironominae alcsalĂĄdba tartozott. A vizsgĂĄlt fajok közĂŒl 11 (Tanypus kraatzi,
Chironomus cingulatus, Chironomus nuditarsis, Chironomus nudiventris,
Dicrotendipes lobiger, Dicrotendipes notatus, Glyptotendipes viridis,
Phaenopsectra flavipes, Polypedilum cultellatum, Synendotendipes impar,
Synendotendipes lepidus) eddig kevesebb, mint öt lelĆhelyrĆl kerĂŒlt elĆ hazĂĄnk
terĂŒletĂ©n. Emellett Ășjabb adatokkal jĂĄrultunk hozzĂĄ az eddig tisztĂĄzatlan
taxonómiai helyzetƱ Glyptotendipes caulicola hazai elterjedésének
megismeréséhez.
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In 2004 and 2005 chironomid larvae were collected from 9
backwaters of the Upper-Tisza-region. 41 chironomid taxa were identified (8
Tanypodinae, 2 Orthocladiinae, 31 Chironominae). Among the collected
species 11 (Tanypus kraatzi, Chironomus cingulatus, Chironomus nuditarsis,
Chironomus nudiventris, Dicrotendipes lobiger, Dicrotendipes notatus,
Glyptotendipes viridis, Phaenopsectra flavipes, Polypedilum cultellatum,
Synendotendipes impar, Synendotendipes lepidus) are very rare, found in less
than 5 localities in Hungary. New data are given to the Hungarian distribution of
the Glyptotendipes caulicola, which had a taxonomically uncleared status until
now
Recent river channel change detections in the section of the River Tisza above TiszaĂșjlak (Vilok)
In the section above TiszaĂșjlak, despite the presence of embankments, the River Tisza shows active
meandering tendency and it splits into branches resulting in side channels, dead channels and backwaters
that follow the main channel. In our work we examined the right- and the left-side riverbank sections of
the River Tisza, between TiszaĂșjlak (ĐĐžĐ»ĐŸĐș) and TiszasĂĄsvĂĄr (ĐąŃĐŸŃĐœĐžĐș), as well as between TiszaĂșjlak
and TiszapĂ©terfalva (ĐĐžĐčŃĐ”ŃŃĐŸĐ»ĐČĐŸ), to reveal the extent of bar depositions between 2006 and 2015, and
to what extent the intensity and direction of the riverbank formation processes were influenced by the
material of the bank and the plant coverage, its rate and characteristics. We tried to reveal which sections
were eroded by the river and what security risks they have for the safety of the settlements along the
Tisza River. On the right side of the Tisza River riverbank 51, and on the left side 62 main measuring
points were recorded by GPS positioning satellite in 2009, 2010 and 2015. Our results were compared to
the satellite images of Google Earth taken in 2006, too. According to our experience, in several bends of
the examined sections of the river, active bar deposition can be observed; in some cases more than 100
m of bar depositions were detected
Dragonfly assemblages in the upper parts of the River Tisza: a comparison of larval and exuvial data in three channel types
We studied dragonfly assemblages in the Ukrainian section of the River Tisza, which still shows several natural (unregulated) properties. In 2010 and 2011 larvae and exuviae were collected in the vicinity of the villages Vilok (ĐĐžĐ»ĐŸĐș, TiszaĂșjlak), Nove Szelo (ĐĐŸĐČĐ” CĐ”Đ»ĐŸ, TiszaĂșjhely), Tiszobikeny (йОŃабОĐșĐ”ĐœŃ, TiszabökĂ©ny) and of the towns Vinohragyiv (ĐĐžĐœĐŸĐłŃĐ°ĐŽiĐČ, NagyszĆlĆs) and Huszt (Đ„ŃŃŃ, Huszt). We collected our samples from 8 sites in the main channel, 2 sites in side channels and 3 sites in two dead channels. We collected 255 larvae and 1587 exuviae, from which 8 species of dragonflies were identified [Gomphus vulgatissimus (Linnaeus, 1758), Stylurus flavipes (Charpentier, 1825), Onychogomphus forcipatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Ophiogomphus cecilia (Fourcroy, 1785), Somatochlora metallica (van der Linden, 1825), Calopteryx splendens (Harris, 1782), Platycnemis pennipes (Pallas, 1771), and Sympecma fusca (van der Linden, 1820)]. We compared the species composition of dragonflies in the three habitats. In the case of larvae in the main channel G. vulgatissimus (48.0%), C. splendens (29.6%) and O. forcipatus (20.8%) dominated, while in the dead channels C. splendens (49.5%) and P. pennipes (23.7%) were found most frequently. In the side channels G. vulgatissimus, O. forcipatus and C. splendens were the most frequent species. S. flavipes appeared only in the main and side channels, while S. metallica and S. fusca were only detected in the dead channels
A makrozoobentosz tĂ©r- Ă©s idĆbeli vĂĄltozĂĄsai a Tisza TiszamogyorĂłs Ă©s LĂłnya közötti keresztszelvĂ©nyĂ©ben | Changes in spatial and temporal distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates at a cross-section of the river Tisza between TiszamogyorĂłs and LĂłnya
A vĂzfolyĂĄsok vĂĄltozĂł hidrolĂłgiai jellemzĆi jelentĆsen befolyĂĄsoljĂĄk a bentikus
makroszkĂłpikus gerinctelenek tĂ©r- Ă©s idĆbeli elterjedĂ©si sajĂĄtossĂĄgait (BENKE et al.
1984; BUSKENS Ă©s MOLLER PILLOT 2000; COFFMAN 1989; COGERINO et al. 1995;
MATTHAEI et al. 1997). A tĂ©rbeli elterjedĂ©sben mutatkozĂł eltĂ©rĂ©sek a vĂzfolyĂĄs egy
adott szakaszĂĄn belĂŒl jelentĆsebbek lehetnek, mint a vĂzfolyĂĄs teljes hosszĂĄban
tekintve (DOISY Ă©s RABENI 2001; FESL 2002). Az idĆbeli eloszlĂĄsi sajĂĄtossĂĄgokat a
hidrolĂłgiai tĂ©nyezĆk vĂĄltozĂĄsa mellett az Ă©lĆhelyek minĆsĂ©ge Ă©s az Ă©lĆlĂ©nyek fenolĂłgiai sajĂĄtossĂĄgai is nagy mĂ©rtĂ©kben befolyĂĄsoljĂĄk (BENKE et al. 1984;
BOULTON et al. 1992; GRAY 1981; HURYN 1990).
A Tisza â MagyarorszĂĄg mĂĄsodik legnagyobb folyĂłja â bentikus
makroszkĂłpikus gerinctelen ĂĄllategyĂŒtteseivel Ă©s ezek összetĂ©telĂ©nek hosszszelvĂ©nyben
valĂł vĂĄltozĂĄsĂĄval szĂĄmos munka foglalkozott (FERENCZ 1974a, 1974b;
JUHĂSZ et al. 1998; KOVĂCS et al. 2001, 2002; SZĂTĂ 1974, 1978, 1996, 2001, 2002;
SZĂTĂ Ă©s BOTOS 1989). Az ĂŒledĂ©klakĂł ĂĄllategyĂŒttes összetĂ©telĂ©nek akĂĄr tĂ©rbeli, akĂĄr
idĆbeli vĂĄltozĂĄsait egy keresztszelvĂ©nyben jĂłval kevĂ©sbĂ© vizsgĂĄltĂĄk (FERENCZ
1974a).
VizsgĂĄlatsorozatunk cĂ©lja az volt, hogy a Tisza egy keresztszelvĂ©nyĂ©ben leĂrjuk
az ĂŒledĂ©klakĂł makroszkĂłpikus ĂĄllategyĂŒttes tĂ©r- Ă©s idĆbeli vĂĄltozĂĄsait. |
In 2003 benthos samples were taken six times (from March to
November) at a cross-section of the River Tisza between TiszamogyorĂłs and
LĂłnya. Three sampling site were assigned within the cross-section based on
the water depth and water velocity conditions: (1) at the main flow, (2) at midbed:
at the half of the distance between the right and left bank and (3) at close
to left bank. The changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of the assemblages
of the benthic macroinvertebrates are described. The most diverse assemblages
was detected at spring. The chironomids dominated the benthic
fauna especially in summer. Our results show the importance of the habitats
near the bank for the benthic macroinvertebrates
KĂ©tszĂĄrnyĂșak (Diptera) minĆsĂ©gi Ă©s mennyisĂ©gi elĆfordulĂĄsi viszonyai egy alföldi mocsĂĄrban | Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the distribution of Diptera in a lowland marsh
A vĂzi Ă©s a vizes Ă©lĆhelyek Diptera-egyĂŒtteseirĆl viszonylag kevĂ©s ismerettel
rendelkezĂŒnk. Ez elsĆsorban az azonosĂtĂĄsi problĂ©mĂĄkra vezethetĆ vissza, mivel a
legtöbb kĂ©tszĂĄrnyĂșcsalĂĄd lĂĄrvĂĄit nem ismerjĂŒk kielĂ©gĂtĆen, vagy pedig a lĂĄrvĂĄk
morfolĂłgiai bĂ©lyegek alapjĂĄn nem, vagy csak nagyon bizonytalanul kĂŒlönĂthetĆk el
egymĂĄstĂłl. KĂŒlönösen keveset tudunk az ĂĄllĂłvizek növĂ©nyzete között Ă©lĆ
kĂ©tszĂĄrnyĂșakrĂłl, habĂĄr ezek â kĂŒlönösen az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok â jelentĆs alkotĂłelemei
a metafitikus Ă©lĆlĂ©nyegyĂŒtteseknek, mĂĄr csak magas egyedszĂĄmuk miatt is (pl.
DANELL Ă©s SJĂBERG 1979, 1982; DVOĆAK Ă©s BEST 1982; KRECKER 1939; MARKLUND
et al. 2001; SOSZKA 1975; VOIGTS 1976).
MagyarorszĂĄgon kvantitatĂv vizsgĂĄlataik sorĂĄn ENTZ (1947), ANDRIKOVICS
(1973a, 1973b), BĂRĂ Ă©s GULYĂS (1974) mĂĄs makroszkĂłpikus gerinctelenek mellett
a kĂŒlönbözĆ vĂzi- Ă©s mocsĂĄrinövĂ©nyzet-tĂpusokban Ă©lĆ kĂ©tszĂĄrnyĂșlĂĄrvĂĄk mennyisĂ©gi
elĆfordulĂĄsi viszonyairĂłl is megĂĄllapĂtĂĄsokat tettek. Kifejezetten kĂ©tszĂĄrnyĂșak ilyen
szempontĂș vizsgĂĄlatĂĄval eddig csak kĂ©t munka foglalkozott: FĂLDESI Ă©s munkatĂĄrsai
(2003) a katonalegyek, MĂRA Ă©s munkatĂĄrsai (2003) az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok elĆfordulĂĄsi
jellegzetességeit elemezték.
A HortobĂĄgy MagyarorszĂĄg egyik legkĂŒlönlegesebb tĂĄjegysĂ©ge, több
vĂztĂ©rtĂpus (pl. mocsĂĄr, tömpöly, Ă©r) sajĂĄtos, elsĆsorban erre a terĂŒletre jellemzĆ
szikes vĂĄltozatĂĄval. KĂŒlönlegessĂ©gĂŒk ellenĂ©re ezeknek a vĂztereknek a vĂzi
makroszkĂłpikus gerinctelen faunĂĄjĂĄrĂłl igen keveset tudunk (CSĂNYI et al. 1996;
MAHUNKA 1981, 1983). KĂŒlönösen igaz ez a megĂĄllapĂtĂĄs a vĂzi Diptera-fajok
esetĂ©ben, amelyekrĆl csak nĂ©hĂĄny szĂłrvĂĄnyos faunisztikai adat ĂĄll
rendelkezĂ©sĂŒnkre (CSĂNYI et al. 1996; DĂVAI et al. 1983; FĂLDESI et al. 2003,
KIEFFER 1919; MAHUNKA 1981, 1983; ZILAHI-SEBESS 1944).
TanulmĂĄnyunk fĆ cĂ©lja, hogy mennyisĂ©gi mintavĂ©tellel vĂ©gzett
vizsgålatsorozatunk eredményei alapjån bemutassuk egy hortobågyi szikes jellegƱ,
asztatikus mocsĂĄr kĂŒlönbözĆ struktĂșrĂĄjĂș sĂĄsĂĄllomĂĄnyaiban Ă©lĆ Diptera-fajok tĂ©rbeli
mennyisĂ©gi elĆfordulĂĄsi viszonyait Ă©s ennek idĆbeli vĂĄltozĂĄsait.
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A quantitative investigation was carried out weekly by close-andharvest
method in two sedge stands of the marsh HagymĂĄs-lapos with different
vegetation structures (Carex riparia and C. disticha dominated stands) near
TiszafĂŒred. A total of 14 547 specimens belonging 14 dipteran families were
collected (Limoniidae, Psychodidae, Chaoboridae, Culicidae, Dixidae,
Chironomidae, Ceratopogonidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Stratiomyidae,
Syrphidae, Sciomyzidae, Ephydridae, Muscidae). The mean number of
specimens was highest in spring and shows decreasing tendency till the end of
the investigation. The family Chironomidae was the dominant. There was
significant difference between the two sedge stands based on the mean
number of specimens of Chaoboridae, Culicidae, Dixidae, Ceratopogonidae,
Stratiomyidae, Syrphidae and Sciomyzidae. The Dixidae and the Culicidae
were significant quantitative characteristic families for the C. riparia stands, and
the Ceratopogonidae, the Syrphidae and the Sciomyzidae were the significant
characteristic families for the C. disticha stands. The number of specimens was
mainly effected by water depth, the distance to the next open water surface and
the patch size in the C. riparia stands and by the dry weight of the vegetation,
the distance to the next open water surface, the distance from the bank, the
distance to a watercourse and the water depth in C. disticha stands
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