Cohomological properties of the quantum shuffle product and application to the construction of quasi-Hopf algebras

For a commutative algebra the shuffle product is a morphism of complexes. We generalize this result to the quantum shuffle product, associated to a class of non-commutative algebras (for example all the Hopf algebras). As a first application we show that the Hochschild-Serre identity is the dual statement of our result. In particular, we extend this identity to Hopf algebras. Secondly, we clarify the construction of a class of quasi-Hopf algebras.Comment: 23 pages, 7 Postscript figures (uses epsfig.sty

Small-x effects in forward-jet production at HERA

We investigate small-x effects in forward-jet production at HERA in the two-hard-scale region kT ~ Q>>Lambda_QCD. We show that, despite describing different energy regimes, both a BFKL parametrization and saturation parametrizations describe well the H1 and ZEUS data for dsigma/dx published a few years ago. This is confirmed when comparing the predictions to the latest data.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the XIIIth International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS05), Madison, Wisconsin, USA, April 27-May 1 200

Leader neurons in leaky integrate and fire neural network simulations

Several experimental studies show the existence of leader neurons in population bursts of 2D living neural networks. A leader neuron is, basically, a neuron which fires at the beginning of a burst (respectively network spike) more often that we expect by looking at its whole mean neural activity. This means that leader neurons have some burst triggering power beyond a simple statistical effect. In this study, we characterize these leader neuron properties. This naturally leads us to simulate neural 2D networks. To build our simulations, we choose the leaky integrate and fire (lIF) neuron model. Our lIF model has got stable leader neurons in the burst population that we simulate. These leader neurons are excitatory neurons and have a low membrane potential firing threshold. Except for these two first properties, the conditions required for a neuron to be a leader neuron are difficult to identify and seem to depend on several parameters involved in the simulations themself. However, a detailed linear analysis shows a trend of the properties required for a neuron to be a leader neuron. Our main finding is: A leader neuron sends a signal to many excitatory neurons as well as to a few inhibitory neurons and a leader neuron receives only a few signals from other excitatory neurons. Our linear analysis exhibits five essential properties for leader neurons with relative importance. This means that considering a given neural network with a fixed mean number of connections per neuron, our analysis gives us a way of predicting which neuron can be a good leader neuron and which cannot. Our prediction formula gives us a good statistical prediction even if, considering a single given neuron, the success rate does not reach hundred percent.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures, 2 table

A lattice formulation of the F4 completion procedure

We write a procedure for constructing noncommutative Groebner bases. Reductions are done by particular linear projectors, called reduction operators. The operators enable us to use a lattice construction to reduce simultaneously each S-polynomial into a unique normal form. We write an implementation as well as an example to illustrate our procedure. Moreover, the lattice construction is done by Gaussian elimination, which relates our procedure to the F4 algorithm for constructing commutative Groebner bases