Hydraulic characterization of the full scale mock-up of the demo divertor outer vertical target

In the frame of the pre-conceptual design activities of the DEMO work package DIV-1 “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion program, a mock-up of the divertor outer vertical target (OVT) was built, mainly in order to: (i) demonstrate the technical feasibility of manufacturing procedures; (ii) verify the hydraulic design and its capability to ensure a uniform and proper cooling for the plasma facing units (PFUs) with an acceptable pressure drop; and (iii) experimentally validate the computational fluid-dynamic (CFD) model developed by the University of Palermo. In this context, a research campaign was jointly carried out by the University of Palermo and ENEA to experimentally and theoretically assess the hydraulic performances of the OVT mock-up, paying particular attention to the coolant distribution among the PFUs and the total pressure drop across the inlet and outlet sections of the mock-up. The paper presents the results of the steady-state hydraulic experimental test campaign performed at ENEA Brasimone Research Center as well as the relevant numerical analyses performed at the Department of Engineering at the University of Palermo. The test facility, the experimental apparatus, the test matrix and the experimental results, as well as the theoretical model, its assumptions, and the analyses outcomes are herewith reported and critically discussed

Fiducia e paura/Fear and trust

Both conditions succeed each other in the chronicles of our time and every day, more or less consciously, they are experienced by everyone in his social life. However in our \u201cradical modernity\u201d, one can ask if the line between confidence and fear is indisputably clear. Or are they instead emotions ambiguously linked? In societies characterized by the meeting of several cultures often we see the fear of the unknown, fear of difference, fear of the other. Is it possible to defuse tensions and conflicts that all these fears feed? These questions are the subject of essays, collected by Paola de Cuzzani (Bergen-Norway) and Mirella Pasini and written by a group of European researchers (from Italy, France, Lithuania and Norway) engaged in long reflection on the evolution of cultural attitudes, on social and public ethics, on social behaviors, in the modern and contemporary age, From trust to fear and from fear to trust: fragments of a dialogue between languages, cultures and societies, written to construct a new theoretical path, able to become a social proposal in aim to develop inclusion, integration, dialogue in contemporary European societies. The book has been published in Italian, French, English, by support of the L.Meltzers H\uf8yskolefond \u2013 Norway. M.Pasini wrote the Introduction and the essay \u201cDalla fiducia alla paura e ritorno: un percorso di analisi della vita quotidiana\u201d

Hydraulic Characterization of the Full Scale Mock-Up of the DEMO Divertor Outer Vertical Target

In the frame of the pre-conceptual design activities of the DEMO work package DIV-1 “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion program, a mock-up of the divertor outer vertical target (OVT) was built, mainly in order to: (i) demonstrate the technical feasibility of manufacturing procedures; (ii) verify the hydraulic design and its capability to ensure a uniform and proper cooling for the plasma facing units (PFUs) with an acceptable pressure drop; and (iii) experimentally validate the computational fluid-dynamic (CFD) model developed by the University of Palermo. In this context, a research campaign was jointly carried out by the University of Palermo and ENEA to experimentally and theoretically assess the hydraulic performances of the OVT mock-up, paying particular attention to the coolant distribution among the PFUs and the total pressure drop across the inlet and outlet sections of the mock-up. The paper presents the results of the steady-state hydraulic experimental test campaign performed at ENEA Brasimone Research Center as well as the relevant numerical analyses performed at the Department of Engineering at the University of Palermo. The test facility, the experimental apparatus, the test matrix and the experimental results, as well as the theoretical model, its assumptions, and the analyses outcomes are herewith reported and critically discussed

An integrated approach for analysing earthquake-induced surface effects: a case study in the Montese area (Province of Modena, Northern Apennines, Italy)

This paper describes the “I Lazzari di Maserno” landslide (Northern Apennines, Italy) which resumed its activity on 1st January 1996, following a 3.3 magnitude seismic shock that struck a vast sector of the north-western Apennines. The area is geologically characterised by clastic rock types belonging to Ligurian and epi-Ligurian Units. The landslide is ascribable to a slow, intermittent movement taking place along rotational and rotational-translational surfaces of rupture, accompanied by earth flows in the most superficial portion. During 1996 and in the following years several subsurface investigations and instrumental surveys were carried out; they allowed detailed knowledge of the geometrical, mechanical and kinematic characteristics of the landslide body to be obtained. In particular, the levels of soil subject to load decrease and the depth of the slip surfaces were identified and the mechanisms of rupture were reconstructed

Analysis of earthquake-induced surface effects in the Modena province: first approach in the area of Montese (Northern Apennines, Italy)

This paper describes the “I Lazzari di Maserno” landslide (Northern Apennines) which resumed its activity on 1st January 1996, following a 3.3 magnitude seismic shock that struck a vast sector of the north-western Apennines. The area is geologically characterised by clastic rock types belonging to Ligurian and epi-Ligurian Units. The landslide is ascribable to a slow, intermittent movement taking place along rotational and rotational-translational surfaces of rupture, accompanied by earth flows in the most superficial portion. During 1996 and in the following years several subsurface investigations and instrumental surveys were carried out; they allowed detailed knowledge of the geometrical, mechanical and kinematic characteristics of the landslide body to be obtained. In particular, the levels of soil subject to load decrease and the depth of the slip surfaces were identified and the mechanisms of rupture were reconstructed

Post-partum Women’s Anxiety and Parenting Stress: Home-Visiting Protective Effect During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a particularly adverse and stressful environment for expecting mothers, possibly enhancing feelings of anxiety and parenting stress. The present work assesses mothers' anxiety levels at delivery and parenting stress after 3 months as moderated by home-visiting sessions. Methods Women (n = 177) in their second or third trimester of pregnancy during the COVID-19 lockdown were enrolled in northern Italy and split into those who did and did not receive home visits. After 3 months, the association between anxiety at delivery and parenting stress was assessed with bivariate correlations in the whole sample and comparing the two groups. Results Higher anxiety at birth correlated with greater perceived stress after 3 months. Mothers who received at least one home-visiting session reported lower parenting stress at 3 months than counterparts who did not receive home visits. Conclusions for Practice The perinatal period is a sensitive time window for mother-infant health, especially during a critical time like the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest that home-visiting programs could be beneficial during global healthcare emergencies to promote maternal well-being after delivery