Caribou recovery and coexistence with introduced feral reindeer on the Nuussuaq Peninsula (70-71°N), West Greenland

The small native caribou population (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) of Nuussuaq Peninsula was supplemented in 1968 with 10 semi-domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Hunting was prohibited in the early 1990s, but resumed with a quota of 100 animals in 1996 after the population was estimated to be around 400. Despite local criticism that herd size had increased, managers kept the estimate unchanged and permitted similar quotas for the next 5 years. To ascertain current status of the population, a late winter ground survey for minimum count, recruitment and distribution was done in April 2002 employing local hunters. Data collected included group size, location and animal sex/age. Only two age classes were used; calf (<1 year) and "adult" (>1 year). The 2002 ground survey observed 1164 individuals and a calf percentage of approximately 30%. The bull to cow ratio was 0.32. This data did not allow a calculation of population size, because areas where maximum animal numbers were expected were preferentially sampled. Spatial segregation of these two subspecies is suggested, given the observed and unexpected dissimilar behavior, pheno-type and spatial distribution. If true, then by 2002 feral reindeer had established a successful population, while native caribou had recovered to number several hundred. Genetic sampling is necessary to examine this hypothesis. At current late winter recruitment rates animal density could increase rapidly making both range expansion and genetic mixing likely in future. Since the total non-ice covered area available is about 6000 km2, greater caribou/reindeer densities may not be compatible with sustainable range use. Harvest quotas were increased in 2002 and 2003, and may reduce densities and preserve caribou range for the future

Development of a computer program to obtain ordinates for NACA 4-digit, 4-digit modified, 5-digit, and 16 series airfoils

A computer program developed to calculate the ordinates and surface slopes of any thickness, symmetrical or cambered NACA airfoil of the 4-digit, 4-digit modified, 5-digit, and 16-series airfoil families is presented. The program produces plots of the airfoil nondimensional ordinates and a punch card output of ordinates in the input format of a readily available program for determining the pressure distributions of arbitrary airfoils in subsonic potential viscous flow

Success and failure of reindeer herding in Greenland

Animal husbandry is a recent innovation in Greenland, specifically reindeer husbandry is less than 50 years old. Reindeer husbandry was first established in mid-west Greenland and later in southern Greenland. The Greenland hunter tradition and culture is, however, still dominant in many communities. During the 1980s and 1990s, the incompatibility of these two traditions resulted in the failure of reindeer husbandry in mid-west Greenland. There were neither herding nor seasonal herd movements. Animals remained year round on the winter range, which was destroyed as lichens were trampled every summer. Without seasonal herd movements both sustainable range use and control of the herd were lost. Today, there are just two semi-domestic reindeer herds left, and both are in southern Greenland. One herd is commercially successful, and the other is under development. In mid-west Greenland, semi-domestic reindeer husbandry officially ended in 1998, and a hunt was initiated to remove the remaining population. Possibly, by the year 2000 any animals left in this region will be considered wild caribou

“Shamnesty” vs. Amnesty: Can the RIAA Grant Immunity to File-Sharers from Copyright Infringement Lawsuits?, 3 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 279 (2004)

The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is the industry trade association for sound and music recordings and represents various music companies, songwriters, and music artists. One of the main functions of the RIAA is to enforce its members’ copyrights. The RIAA is currently representing members in copyright infringement lawsuits. As an alternative to being sued, the RIAA announced that it would grant amnesty to file sharers who voluntarily identified themselves and promised to stop illegally sharing music. In reality, non-RIAA members and even RIAA members themselves can still sue file sharers because the organization itself does not have the authority to grant amnesty. In addition, file sharers who sign the amnesty affidavit may expose themselves to criminal prosecution, which could lead to jail time. This comment offers a few solutions in which the music industry and its Internet consumers can reach a middle ground and lessen the pandemonium surrounding the concepts of downloading and uploading copyrighted works

Single Stock Futures and Stock Options: Complement or Substitutes

Are single stock futures and stock options complement or substitute goods? In this study, I test this research question by examining option trading activity (option volume and open interest) surrounding an arguably exogenous introduction of single stock futures. This event study provides a natural experiment that allows us to make causal inferences about how the presence of single stock futures affects the options market. While it is commonly thought that single stock futures and options are substitute goods, my evidence instead suggests that they are complements. While I observe very little change in option volume surrounding the introduction of single stock futures, I find that total open interest increases by 9%, on average, after the introduction of single stock futures. The most plausible explanation is that the introduction of single stock futures makes it easier to hedge the risk of writing on option

Shakespeare and Jung

I contend that Jung provides insights in keeping with Shakespeare's own intent as in many respects they were "of like mind." It is the attempt of this thesis to demonstrate how this might be so, comparing Jung's own writings with those of Shakespeare. The Introduction provides an overview: what the thesis sets out to do. The first chapter represents a highly technical treatment for determining an exact location for the Globe Playhouse. It is as if one were an archaeologist requiring as much evidence as possible for determining where the foundations might lie within a given site. But this determination of the Globe's center and the shape of the Globe's groundplan represent a mandala form ("mandala" is the Sanskrit word for "circle"). Jung's work after his departure from Freud (1913-1928) became progressively more concentrated on the significance of mandalas (his first mandala drawing was in 1916). The mandala form represented integration and evidence for it was found not only in the dreams of his patients but in the artifacts of all civilizations - in the groundplans for cities and buildings, and in the art and religious practices of diverse peoples reaching back to Rhodesian cliff-drawings. I relate Hamlet and its use of soliloquy to the central motif of the mandala the protection of the center. Using his Tavistock Lectures as a point of departure, Chapters 2-3 take up Jung's figure of the Psyche, divided up into ectopsychic, endopsychic, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious "spheres." "Chapter 2: The Four Functions" deals with Hamlet, Othello, The Winter's Tale, and Measure for Measure. "Chapter 3: The Shadow" refers to King Lear, The Tempest, and A Midsummer Night's Dream. After a consideration of King Lear, I relate Joseph Campbell's "journey of the hero" to Jung's figure of the Psyche with reference to the three plays mentioned above. Chapter 4 treats Jung's descriptions of "anima" and "animus" in relation to Macbeth. Some attention is then given to the characters of Ophelia, Gertrude, Desdemona, Cordelia, and Hermione, and their depreciation. "Chapter 5: Jungian Criticism" takes up the way in which literature may be viewed from the angle of Jung-oriented criticism with particular reference to Hamlet, Macbeth, Henry IV, Part I, Twelfth Night, Much Ado About Nothing, and King Lear. The Conclusion is followed by Appendices A-G which summarize and amplify Jungian thinking treated in this thesis and conclude with a statement about Shakespeare by Peter Brook. The Bibliography Section provides a list of works consulted in relating the Globe Playhouse to its site and works consulted in regarding the Globe and Shakespeare's work in the light of C. G. Jung

Aloha, Marriage Equality: Unsettling Gay Constructions of Paradise

Through studying the discourse deployed by Hawai‘i\u27s predominantly white LGBT political community, this paper explores the limits of single-issue gay marriage politics with respect to the Native Hawaiian community. This paper connects white LGBT political organizations to Hawai‘i\u27s tourism industrial complex through the community\u27s discursive deployment of aloha and destination weddings in arguing for same-sex marriage legalization. In exploring the mahu identity, this paper theorizes potential decolonized queer futurities

Aloha, Marriage Equality: Unsettling Gay Constructions of Paradise

Through studying the discourse deployed by Hawai‘i\u27s predominantly white LGBT political community, this paper explores the limits of single-issue gay marriage politics with respect to the Native Hawaiian community. This paper connects white LGBT political organizations to Hawai‘i\u27s tourism industrial complex through the community\u27s discursive deployment of aloha and destination weddings in arguing for same-sex marriage legalization. In exploring the mahu identity, this paper theorizes potential decolonized queer futurities

Results of LFC experiment on slotted swept supercritical airfoil in Langley's 8-foot transonic pressure tunnel

A large chord swept supercritical laminar-flow control (LFC) airfoil was designed, constructed, and tested in the Langley 8-foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel (TPT). The LFC airfoil experiment was established to provide basic information concerning the design and compatibility of high performance supercritical airfoils with suction boundary-layer control achieved through fine slots or porous surface concepts. Shockless pressure distribution was achieved. Full chord laminar flow was achieved on upper and lower surfaces. Full chord laminar flow was maintained at subcritical speeds and over large supercritical zones. Feasibility of combined suction laminarization and supercritical airfoil technology was demonstrated