13,539 research outputs found
Sensitivity of galaxy cluster dark energy constraints to halo modeling uncertainties
We perform a sensitivity study of dark energy constraints from galaxy cluster
surveys to uncertainties in the halo mass function, bias and the
mass-observable relation. For a set of idealized surveys, we evaluate
cosmological constraints as priors on sixteen nuisance parameters in the halo
modeling are varied. We find that surveys with a higher mass limit are more
sensitive to mass-observable uncertainties while surveys with low mass limits
that probe more of the mass function shape and evolution are more sensitive to
mass function errors. We examine the correlations among nuisance and
cosmological parameters. Mass function parameters are strongly positively
(negatively) correlated with Omega_DE (w). For the mass-observable parameters,
Omega_DE is most sensitive to the normalization and its redshift evolution
while w is more sensitive to redshift evolution in the variance. While survey
performance is limited mainly by mass-observable uncertainties, the current
level of mass function error is responsible for up to a factor of two
degradation in ideal cosmological constraints. For surveys that probe to low
masses (10^13.5 h^-1 M_sun), even percent-level constraints on model nuisance
parameters result in a degradation of ~ sqrt{2} (2) on Omega_DE (w) relative to
perfect knowledge.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted by PR
Spin-polarized transport in ferromagnetic multilayered semiconductor nanostructures
The occurrence of inhomogeneous spin-density distribution in multilayered
ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor nanostructures leads to strong
dependence of the spin-polarized transport properties on these systems. The
spin-dependent mobility, conductivity and resistivity in
(Ga,Mn)As/GaAs,(Ga,Mn)N/GaN, and (Si,Mn)/Si multilayers are calculated as a
function of temperature, scaled by the average magnetization of the diluted
magnetic semiconductor layers. An increase of the resistivity near the
transition temperature is obtained. We observed that the spin-polarized
transport properties changes strongly among the three materials.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure
A Galaxy Photometric Redshift Catalog for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6
We present and describe a catalog of galaxy photometric redshifts (photo-z's)
for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 (DR6). We use the
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique to calculate photo-z's and the
Nearest Neighbor Error (NNE) method to estimate photo-z errors for ~ 77 million
objects classified as galaxies in DR6 with r < 22. The photo-z and photo-z
error estimators are trained and validated on a sample of ~ 640,000 galaxies
that have SDSS photometry and spectroscopic redshifts measured by SDSS, 2SLAQ,
CFRS, CNOC2, TKRS, DEEP, and DEEP2. For the two best ANN methods we have tried,
we find that 68% of the galaxies in the validation set have a photo-z error
smaller than sigma_{68} =0.021 or $0.024. After presenting our results and
quality tests, we provide a short guide for users accessing the public data.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figure
Detecting mode entanglement: The role of coherent states, superselection rules and particle statistics
We discuss the possibility of observing quantum nonlocality using the
so-called mode entanglement, analyzing the differences between different types
of particles in this context. We first discuss the role of coherent states in
such experiments, and we comment on the existence of coherent states in nature.
The discussion of coherent states naturally raises questions about the role of
particle statistics in this problem. Although the Pauli exclusion principle
precludes coherent states with a large number of fermionic particles, we find
that a large number of fermionic coherent states, each containing at most one
particle, can be used to achieve the same effect as a bosonic coherent state
for the purposes of this problem. The discussion of superselection rules arises
naturally in this context, because their applicability to a given situation
prohibits the use of coherent states. This limitation particularly affects the
scenario that we propose for detecting the mode entanglement of fermionic
particles.Comment: 7 pages (two-column
O Planeamento Territorial como um Instrumento de Política para Operacionalização do Desenvolvimento Sustentável
São várias e diversificadas as definições que podemos encontrar na literatura para o conceito de Desenvolvimento Sustentável:
… "É o desenvolvimento que vai de encontro às necessidades das gerações presentes sem comprometer a capacidade de desenvolvimento das gerações futuras." (WCED, 1987)
… "Não é um estado fixo de harmonia, mas sim um processo de mudança no qual a exploração dos recursos, o direccionamento dos investimentos, as orientações do desenvolvimento tecnológico e as mudanças institucionais são tornadas consistentes tanto com as necessidades futuras como com as necessidades do presente." (WCED, 1987)
… "Pode ser visto como o conjunto de programas de desenvolvimento que vão de encontro aos objectivos de satisfação das necessidades humanas sem violar a capacidade de regeneração dos recursos naturais a longo prazo nem os padrões de qualidade ambiental e de equidade social." (Bartelmus, 1994)
… "Deve reconhecer os factores sociais e ecológicos, assim como os factores económicos, da base de recursos vivos e não vivos e das vantagens e desvantagens de acções alternativas tanto a longo como a curto prazos." (IUCN, 1980; Gardner, 1989)
… "É compreendido como uma forma de mudança social que acrescenta aos tradicionais objectivos de desenvolvimento o objectivo da obtenção da sustentabilidade ecológica." (Lelé, 1991
Measuring the extent of convective cores in low-mass stars using Kepler data: towards a calibration of core overshooting
Our poor understanding of the boundaries of convective cores generates large
uncertainties on the extent of these cores and thus on stellar ages. Our aim is
to use asteroseismology to consistently measure the extent of convective cores
in a sample of main-sequence stars whose masses lie around the mass-limit for
having a convective core. We first test and validate a seismic diagnostic that
was proposed to probe in a model-dependent way the extent of convective cores
using the so-called ratios, which are built with and
modes. We apply this procedure to 24 low-mass stars chosen among Kepler targets
to optimize the efficiency of this diagnostic. For this purpose, we compute
grids of stellar models with both the CESAM2k and MESA evolution codes, where
the extensions of convective cores are modeled either by an instantaneous
mixing or as a diffusion process. Among the selected targets, we are able to
unambiguously detect convective cores in eight stars and we obtain seismic
measurements of the extent of the mixed core in these targets with a good
agreement between the CESAM2k and MESA codes. By performing optimizations using
the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, we then obtain estimates of the amount of
extra-mixing beyond the core that is required in CESAM2k to reproduce seismic
observations for these eight stars and we show that this can be used to propose
a calibration of this quantity. This calibration depends on the prescription
chosen for the extra-mixing, but we find that it should be valid also for the
code MESA, provided the same prescription is used. This study constitutes a
first step towards the calibration of the extension of convective cores in
low-mass stars, which will help reduce the uncertainties on the ages of these
stars.Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, accepted in A&
A Intervenção na Cidade Existente.
A identidade colectiva do grupo, o prestígio das famílias dominantes e o saber técnico foram os pólos de interesse que organizaram a memória colectiva até ao momento em que se tornou possível a celebração de acontecimentos através da sua inscrição em monumentos (elementos materiais resultantes do poder de perpetuação das sociedades históricas). Muitos destes monumentos são involuntários e subsistiram sem que ninguém o tenha deliberado; outros são intencionais, tendo sido edificados propositadamente para recordar um feito ou uma pessoa, ou um grupo, e durante séculos foram os únicos a ser preservados e venerados
Verification of the observer property in discrete event systems
The observer property is an important condition to be satisfied by abstractions of Discrete Event System (DES) models. This technical note presents a new algorithm that tests if an abstraction of a DES obtained through natural projection has the observer property. The procedure, called OP-Verifier, can be applied to (potentially nondeterministic) automata, with no restriction on the existence of cycles of 'non-relevant' events. This procedure has quadratic complexity in the number of states. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated by a set of experiments
Management, Organizations and Contemporary Social Theory
Social theorists speculate about large-scale social questions, asking of any phenomenon, how is it possible? This book addresses how various social theories contribute key insights into the nature of organizations and management
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