1,378 research outputs found
Effectiveness of passive mobilization in the treatment of shoulder pathologies
Introdução: A dor no ombro é muito comum e o tratamento preferencial é a fisioterapia. Objectivo: Avaliar a efectividade da mobilização passiva na dor, força,amplitude de movimento e/ou função no tratamento de indivíduos com tendinopatias da coifa ou síndrome de colisão do ombro por meio de revisão sistemática
de literatura. Métodos: Os estudos foram pesquisados na PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scielo, PEDro e Web of Science. Dois investigadores analisaram os artigos para determinar os trabalhos a incluir. A qualidade metodológica desses foi avaliada por meio da escala de PEDro e feita a sua caracterização detalhada.
Resultados: Os resultados sugerem que a mobilização passiva quando aplicada
em conjunto com outros tratamentos leva a significativa diminuição da dor e a
melhoria da força e função. Conclusão: A mobilização passiva aplicada em conjunto com outros tratamentos parece ser uma mais valia no tratamento de tendinopatias da bainha rotadora e síndrome de colisão do ombro. São necessários mais estudos que confirmem esses resultados.Introduction: Pain in the shoulder is very common and the preferential treatment
is physiotherapy. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of passive mobilization
on pain, strength, range of motion and/or function for patients with rotator cuff
tendinopathies or impingement syndrome. Methods: Studies were sought from
PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scielo, PEDro and Web of Science. Two investigators
screened all studies for inclusion. Methods: Quality was assessed using PEDro
scale and a detailed characterization of each study was made. Results: All studies
show that the group that received the treatment package including passive mobilization showed statistically significant decrease of pain and improvements for
function and strength when compared to the control group. Conclusion: A trend
was found favoring the addition of passive mobilization to a treatment package
of physiotherapy for decreasing pain and increasing strength and function, but a
firm conclusion cannot be made
Peroxisomal APX knockdown triggers antioxidant mechanisms favourable for coping with high photorespiratory H2O2 induced by CAT deficiency in rice
The physiological role of peroxisomal ascorbate
peroxidases (pAPX) is unknown; therefore, we utilized pAPX4 knockdown rice and
catalase (CAT) inhibition to assess its role in CAT compensation under high
photorespiration. pAPX4 knockdown induced co-suppression in the expression of pAPX3.
The rice mutants exhibited metabolic changes such as lower CAT and glycolate
oxidase (GO) activities and reduced glyoxylate content; however, APX activity
was not altered. CAT inhibition triggered different changes in the expression
of CAT, APX and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) isoforms between non-transformed
(NT) and silenced plants. These responses were associated with alterations in
APX, GPX and GO activities, suggesting redox homeostasis differences. The
glutathione oxidation-reduction states were modulated differently in mutants,
and the ascorbate redox state was greatly affected in both genotypes. The pAPX
suffered less oxidative stress and photosystem II (PSII) damage and displayed
higher photosynthesis than the NT plants. The improved acclimation exhibited by
the pAPX plants was indicated by lower H2O2 accumulation, which was associated with
lower GO activity and glyoxylate content. The suppression of both pAPXs and/or
its downstream metabolic and molecular effects may trigger favourable
antioxidant and compensatory mechanisms to cope with CAT deficiency. This physiological
acclimation may involve signalling by peroxisomal H2O2, which minimized the
photorespiration.</p
Anesthesia of Epinephelus marginatus with essential oil of Aloysia polystachya: an approach on blood parameters
This study investigated the anesthetic potential of the essential oil (EO) of Aloysia polystachya in juveniles of dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus). Fish were exposed to different concentrations of EO of A. polystachya to evaluate time of induction and recovery from anesthesia. In the second experiment, fish were divided into four groups: control, ethanol and 50 or 300 mu L L-1 EO of A. polystachya, and each group was submitted to induction for 3.5 min and recovery for 5 or 10 min. The blood gases and glucose levels showed alterations as a function of the recovery times, but Na+ and K+ levels did not show any alteration. In conclusion, the EO from leaves of A. polystachya is an effective anesthetic for dusky grouper, because anesthesia was reached within the recommended time at EO concentrations of 300 and 400 mu L L-1. However, most evaluated blood parameters showed compensatory responses due to EO exposure.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/Programa de Apoio a Nucleos de Excelencia (FAPERGS/PRONEX) [10/0016-8]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [470964/2009-0]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brazil (CAPES)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Consensus Document on Coding of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Examinations in Portugal
Um dos obstáculos a uma utilização mais frequente e apropriada da ressonância
magnética cardíaca (RMC) em Portugal tem sido a ausência de códigos específicos que descrevam adequadamente os exames tal como são efetuados actualmente. Este documento de consenso fornece recomendações para a atualização e uniformização dos códigos empregues na RMC. São igualmente feitas recomendações quanto às técnicas e códigos a utilizar nas indicações clínicas mais frequentes
Investigating the Effect of Emoji in Opinion Classification of Uzbek Movie Review Comments
Opinion mining on social media posts has become more and more popular. Users
often express their opinion on a topic not only with words but they also use
image symbols such as emoticons and emoji. In this paper, we investigate the
effect of emoji-based features in opinion classification of Uzbek texts, and
more specifically movie review comments from YouTube. Several classification
algorithms are tested, and feature ranking is performed to evaluate the
discriminative ability of the emoji-based features.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, 3 table
Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting Data System Magnetic Resonance Imaging (O-RADS MRI) score for risk stratification of sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses.
Importance: Approximately one-quarter of adnexal masses detected at ultrasonography are indeterminate for benignity or malignancy, posing a substantial clinical dilemma. Objective: To validate the accuracy of a 5-point Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting Data System Magnetic Resonance Imaging (O-RADS MRI) score for risk stratification of adnexal masses. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter cohort study was conducted between March 1, 2013, and March 31, 2016. Among patients undergoing expectant management, 2-year follow-up data were completed by March 31, 2018. A routine pelvic MRI was performed among consecutive patients referred to characterize a sonographically indeterminate adnexal mass according to routine diagnostic practice at 15 referral centers. The MRI score was prospectively applied by 2 onsite readers and by 1 reader masked to clinical and ultrasonographic data. Data analysis was conducted between April and November 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was the joint analysis of true-negative and false-negative rates according to the MRI score compared with the reference standard (ie, histology or 2-year follow-up). Results: A total of 1340 women (mean [range] age, 49 [18-96] years) were enrolled. Of 1194 evaluable women, 1130 (94.6%) had a pelvic mass on MRI with a reference standard (surgery, 768 [67.9%]; 2-year follow-up, 362 [32.1%]). A total of 203 patients (18.0%) had at least 1 malignant adnexal or nonadnexal pelvic mass. No invasive cancer was assigned a score of 2. Positive likelihood ratios were 0.01 for score 2, 0.27 for score 3, 4.42 for score 4, and 38.81 for score 5. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.961 (95% CI, 0.948-0.971) among experienced readers, with a sensitivity of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.96; 189 of 203 patients) and a specificity of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.89-0.93; 848 of 927 patients). There was good interrater agreement among both experienced and junior readers (κ = 0.784; 95% CI, 0.743-0824). Of 580 of 1130 women (51.3%) with a mass on MRI and no specific gynecological symptoms, 362 (62.4%) underwent surgery. Of them, 244 (67.4%) had benign lesions and a score of 3 or less. The MRI score correctly reclassified the mass origin as nonadnexal with a sensitivity of 0.99 (95% CI, 0.98-0.99; 1360 of 1372 patients) and a specificity of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.71-0.85; 102 of 130 patients). Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, the O-RADS MRI score was accurate when stratifying the risk of malignancy in adnexal masses
Rare germline variants in DNA repair genes and the angiogenesis pathway predispose prostate cancer patients to develop metastatic disease
Background
Prostate cancer (PrCa) demonstrates a heterogeneous clinical presentation ranging from largely indolent to lethal. We sought to identify a signature of rare inherited variants that distinguishes between these two extreme phenotypes.
Methods
We sequenced germline whole exomes from 139 aggressive (metastatic, age of diagnosis < 60) and 141 non-aggressive (low clinical grade, age of diagnosis ≥60) PrCa cases. We conducted rare variant association analyses at gene and gene set levels using SKAT and Bayesian risk index techniques. GO term enrichment analysis was performed for genes with the highest differential burden of rare disruptive variants.
Results
Protein truncating variants (PTVs) in specific DNA repair genes were significantly overrepresented among patients with the aggressive phenotype, with BRCA2, ATM and NBN the most frequently mutated genes. Differential burden of rare variants was identified between metastatic and non-aggressive cases for several genes implicated in angiogenesis, conferring both deleterious and protective effects.
Conclusions
Inherited PTVs in several DNA repair genes distinguish aggressive from non-aggressive PrCa cases. Furthermore, inherited variants in genes with roles in angiogenesis may be potential predictors for risk of metastases. If validated in a larger dataset, these findings have potential for future clinical application
The holographic principle
There is strong evidence that the area of any surface limits the information
content of adjacent spacetime regions, at 10^(69) bits per square meter. We
review the developments that have led to the recognition of this entropy bound,
placing special emphasis on the quantum properties of black holes. The
construction of light-sheets, which associate relevant spacetime regions to any
given surface, is discussed in detail. We explain how the bound is tested and
demonstrate its validity in a wide range of examples.
A universal relation between geometry and information is thus uncovered. It
has yet to be explained. The holographic principle asserts that its origin must
lie in the number of fundamental degrees of freedom involved in a unified
description of spacetime and matter. It must be manifest in an underlying
quantum theory of gravity. We survey some successes and challenges in
implementing the holographic principle.Comment: 52 pages, 10 figures, invited review for Rev. Mod. Phys; v2:
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