Knowledge mapping of immune thrombocytopenia: a bibliometric study

BackgroundImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. Recently, the pathophysiology and novel drugs of ITP have been the focus of researchers with plenty of publications emerging. Bibliometrics is the process of extracting measurable data through statistical analysis of published research studies to provide an insight into the trends and hotspots.ObjectiveThis study aimed to provide an insight into developing trends and hotspots in the field of ITP by bibliometric analysis.MethodsBy using three bibliometric mapping tools (bibliometrix R package, VOSviewer, CiteSpace), we summarized the overview information of retrieved publications, as well as the analysis of keyword co-occurrence and reference co-citation.ResultsA total of 3299 publications with 78066 citations on ITP research were included in the analysis. The keyword co-occurrence network identified 4 clusters relating to the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of ITP respectively. Then the reference co-citation analysis produced 12 clusters with a well-structured and highly credible clustering model, and they can be divided into 5 trends: second-line treatment, chronic ITP, novel therapy and pathogenesis, COVID-19 vaccine. Treg cells, spleen tyrosine kinase, and mesenchymal stem cells were the latest hotspots with strong burstness.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis provided a comprehensive insight into research hotspots and trends on ITP, which would enrich the review of the ITP research

The relationship between kidney disease and mitochondria: a bibliometric study

AbstractBackground Due to its highly reabsorptive function, the kidney is a mitochondria-dependent organ. Research on the association between mitochondria and kidney disease has always been a serious focus of researchers, with many publications. Bibliometrics is a secondary analysis of published literature that extracts relevant information to gain insights into hotspots and trends in the field. Through bibliometric analysis, we aimed to understand the development trends and hotspots in the field of research on the association between kidney disease and mitochondria.Method Three bibliometric mapping tools (Biblimetrix R Package, VOS Viewer, CiteSpace) were used to provide an overview of the literature and analyze the co-occurrence of keywords and reference citations.Results A total of 2672 relevant research articles were included. The co-occurrence network identified three clusters related to the association between mitochondria and kidney disease, including experimental methods, research mechanisms, and disease phenotypes. We found that research in this field has shifted from disease-level studies to mechanism-based studies, with the most prominent disease being diabetic nephropathy and the most prominent pathogenic mechanism being related to mitochondrial ROS production.Conclusion The bibliometric analysis provided a comprehensive understanding of the progress of research on the role of mitochondria in kidney disease, enriching the review literature in this field

Effect of spatial spectrum overlap on Fourier ptychographic microscopy

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a newly developed imaging technique which stands out by virtue of its high-resolution and wide FOV. It improves a microscope’s imaging performance beyond the diffraction limit of the employed optical components by illuminating the sample with oblique waves of different incident angles, similar to the concept of synthetic aperture. We propose to use an objective lens with high-NA to generate oblique illuminating waves in FPM. We demonstrate utilizing an objective lens with higher NA to illuminate the sample leads to better resolution by simulations, in which a resolution of 0.28μm is achieved by using a high-NA illuminating objective lens (NA=1.49) and a low-NA collecting objective lens (NA=0.2) in coherent imaging (λ=488nm). We then deeply study FPM’s exact relevance of convergence speed to spatial spectrum overlap in frequency domain. The simulation results show that an overlap of about 60% is the optimal choice to acquire a high-quality recovery (520*520 pixels) with about 2 min’s computing time. In addition, we testify the robustness of the algorithm of FPM to additive noises and its suitability for phase objects, which further proves FPM’s potential application in biomedical imaging

Colonic dialysis can influence gut flora to protect renal function in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health burden around the world. The gut microbiome may contribute to CKD progression and serve as a promising therapeutic target. Colonic dialysis has long been used in China to help remove gut-derived toxins to delay CKD progression. Since disturbances in the gut biome may influence disease progression, we wondered whether colonic dialysis may mitigate the condition by influencing the biome. We compared the gut microbiota, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in fecal samples of 25 patients with CKD (stages 3–5) who were receiving colonic dialysis(group CD), 25 outpatients with CKD not receiving colonic dialysis(group OP), and 34 healthy subjects(group HS). Richness of gut microbiota was similar between patients on colonic dialysis and healthy subjects, and richness in these two groups was significantly higher than that in patients not on colonic dialysis. Colonic dialysis also altered the profile of microbes in the gut of CKD patients, bringing it closer to the profile in healthy subjects. Colonic dialysis may protect renal function in pre-dialysis CKD by mitigating dysbiosis of gut microbiota

Fabrication of Chiral 3D Microstructure Using Tightly Focused Multiramp Helico-Conical Optical Beams

Beams with optical vortices are widely used in various fields, including optical communication, optical manipulation and trapping, and, especially in recent years, in the processing of nanoscale structures. However, circular vortex beams are difficult to use for the processing of chiral micro and nanostructures. This paper introduces a multiramp helical–conical beam that can produce a three-dimensional spiral light field in a tightly focused system. Using this spiral light beam and the two-photon direct writing technique, micro–nano structures with chiral characteristics in space can be directly written under a single exposure. The fabrication efficiency is more than 20 times higher than the conventional point-by-point writing strategy. The tightly focused properties of the light field were utilized to analyze the field-dependent properties of the micro–nano structure, such as the number of multiramp mixed screw-edge dislocations. Our results enrich the means of two-photon polymerization technology and provide a simple and stable way for the micromachining of chiral microstructures, which may have a wide range of applications in optical tweezers, optical communications, and metasurfaces

Histone variants H2A.Z and H3.3 coordinately regulate PRC2-dependent H3K27me3 deposition and gene expression regulation in mES cells

Abstract Background The hierarchical organization of eukaryotic chromatin plays a central role in gene regulation, by controlling the extent to which the transcription machinery can access DNA. The histone variants H3.3 and H2A.Z have recently been identified as key regulatory players in this process, but the underlying molecular mechanisms by which they permit or restrict gene expression remain unclear. Here, we investigated the regulatory function of H3.3 and H2A.Z on chromatin dynamics and Polycomb-mediated gene silencing. Results Our ChIP-seq analysis reveals that in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells, H3K27me3 enrichment correlates strongly with H2A.Z. We further demonstrate that H2A.Z promotes PRC2 activity on H3K27 methylation through facilitating chromatin compaction both in vitro and in mES cells. In contrast, PRC2 activity is counteracted by H3.3 through impairing chromatin compaction. However, a subset of H3.3 may positively regulate PRC2-dependent H3K27 methylation via coordinating depositions of H2A.Z to developmental and signaling genes in mES cells. Using all-trans retinoic acid (tRA)-induced gene as a model, we show that the dynamic deposition of H2A.Z and H3.3 coordinately regulates the PRC2-dependent H3K27 methylation by modulating local chromatin structure at the promoter region during the process of turning genes off. Conclusions Our study provides key insights into the mechanism of how histone variants H3.3 and H2A.Z function coordinately to finely tune the PRC2 enzymatic activity during gene silencing, through promoting or impairing chromosome compaction respectively