Construction21- compartiendo buenas prácticas para una construcción más eficiente.

Reducir el impacto ambiental que genera el sector de la edificación necesita de la participación y colaboración de los distintos agentes del sector: arquitectos, urbanistas, promotores, ingenieros, constructores, administraciones, investigadores, etc. En este sentido, las redes sociales son extremadamente útiles para compartir, informar, debatir y,en definitiva, intercambiar experiencias y conocimientos sobre aquello que realmente funciona. Bajo esta idea y con el apoyo del programa Intelligent Energy Europe de la UE, se ha lanzado la plataforma web Construction21 en España, Francia, Alemania, Italia, Rumania y Lituania y con el objetivo de que pronto se extienda al resto de países de la UE-27. La plataforma contiene información detallada sobre edificios reales construidos bajo criterios ambientales, demostrando que otra manera de construir es posible. También facilita ejemplos de productos y soluciones constructivas innovadoras y ya testadas en casos reales. Las comunidades temáticas relativas a distintos temas clave de la construcción sostenible (como la eficiencia energética, la certificación ambiental, el análisis de ciclo de vida, la rehabilitación energética, etc.) constituyen otro de los contenidos principales de esta plataforma. En Construction21 son los propios usuarios los encargados de publicar los contenidos, fomentando así procesos de inteligencia compartida, tanto a nivel de las plataformas nacionales como a nivel europeo. Esta comunicación pretende explicar los alcances conseguidos hasta la fecha, así como los resultados esperados

Análisis de Ciclo de Vida para el ecodiseño del sistema Intemper TF de cubierta ecológica aljibe

The construction industry is one of the less sustainable activities on the planet: with a consumption of 40% of the materials entering the global economy and the generation of 40–50% of the global output of greenhouse gases. The biggest environmental impact caused by buildings is generated during their use phase due to the energy consumption for thermal conditioning. Addition of green elements to buildings is used to improve energy efficiency of buildings. In this study Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology has been applied to quantify the environmental impact of the green roofs materials to analyze its environmental profile. The identification of hot spots of the system permits an ecodesign strategy that effectively reduces environmental burdens associated with roof construction, optimizing the environmental performance. The results identify the high environmental impact associated to the structure, the important contribution of the felt wick irrigation system and the extruded polystyrene thermal insulation.El sector de la construcción representa una de las actividades menos sostenibles del planeta: consume el 40% de los materiales de la economía global y genera el 40-50% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El mayor impacto ambiental de los edificios se genera durante su fase de uso, debido al gasto energético de su acondicionamiento térmico. El uso de elementos vegetales es una de las estrategias empleadas para aumentar la eficiencia energética. En este trabajo se ha empleado la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para cuantificar el impacto ambiental de los materiales de la cubierta vegetal. Se han identificado los puntos críticos del sistema para establecer una estrategia de ecodiseño y reducir eficazmente las cargas ambientales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la importancia del impacto ambiental del soporte estructural, la elevada contribución de la mecha de riego de fieltro y del aislamiento de poliestireno extrudido

Estudio ¨in vitro¨ de las características de absorción gastro-intestinal de la nicotinamida

Mediante el Simulador de Absorción Sartorius SM 16750 y siguiendo el método de Stricker se ha realizado el estudio de las características de absorción gastrointestinal de la nicotinamída. Se ha comprobado que presenta una manifiesta absorción a partir de pH 3 hasta alcanzar un máximo a pH 6.In the Sartorius Absorption Simulator model SM 16750 and using the Stricker's method, the nicotinamide gastrointestinal absorption characteris ti'cs were studied. Evident absorption at pH 3 value was abserved reaching at pH 6 value the highert absorption level

Nutrition education in medical schools (NEMS) project: Promoting clinical nutrition in medical schools – Perspectives from different actors

Background & aims: Nutrition education is not adequately represented in the medical curriculum, and this prompted the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) to launch the Nutrition Education in Medical Schools (NEMS) Project in 2017. The aim of this original paper was to describe the perspectives of different actors in the promotion of nutrition education in medical schools. Methods: On 11 November 2021, an online meeting was held on this topic, where nine representatives from different backgrounds participated in the scientific programme. More than 640 participants registered to this webinar. Results: The different models of Nutrition Education in Medical Schools were introduced by Prof. Cristina Cuerda (Spain) and Prof. Maurizio Muscaritoli (Italy). The students' perspective was given by Ms. Alexandra Archodoulakis (Germany) and Ms. Sila Gürbüz (Turkey), representing the European Medical Students' Association. The dietitian's perspective was given by Dr. Kirsten Berk (The Netherlands), whereas Dr. Matti Aapro (Switzerland) gave the medical doctor (oncology)'s perspective. Ms. Clare Farrand (Australia) gave the WHO perspective and Dr. Kristiina Patja (Finland) explained the healthy lifestyle teaching to medical students. Lastly, Prof. Michael Chourdakis (Greece) and Prof. Zeljko Krznaric (Croatia) hosted the round-table discussion. Conclusions: There was strong agreement among the representatives from different settings joining this ESPEN initiative that increasing nutritional knowledge and skills of young doctors is now possible and will launch a virtuous cycle that will proactively involve all the other healthcare professionals working in the nutritional field

Brief interventions to prevent NCDs and their nutritional complications in primary care setting

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Nutritional status and the risk of malnutrition in older adults with chronic kidney disease – implications for low protein intake and nutritional care: A critical review endorsed by ERN-ERA and ESPEN

Increased life expectancy is posing unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. These include a sharp increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and of impaired nutritional status with malnutrition-protein-energy wasting (PEW) that portends worse clinical outcomes, including reduced survival. In older adults with CKD, a nutritional dilemma occurs when indications from geriatric nutritional guidelines to maintain the protein intake above 1.0 g/kg/day to prevent malnutrition need to be adapted to the indications from nephrology guidelines, to reduce protein intake in order to prevent or slow CKD progression and improve metabolic abnormalities. To address these issues, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Renal Nutrition group of the European Renal Association (ERN-ERA) have prepared this conjoint critical review paper, whose objective is to summarize key concepts related to prevention and treatment of both CKD progression and impaired nutritional status using dietary approaches, and to provide guidance on how to define optimal protein and energy intake in older adults with differing severity of CKD. Overall, the authors support careful assessment to identify the most urgent clinical challenge and the consequent treatment priority. The presence of malnutrition-protein-energy wasting (PEW) suggests the need to avoid or postpone protein restriction, particularly in the presence of stable kidney function and considering the patient's preferences and quality of life. CKD progression and advanced CKD stage support prioritization of protein restriction in the presence of a good nutritional status. Individual risk-benefit assessment and appropriate nutritional monitoring should guide the decision-making process. Higher awareness of the challenges of nutritional care in older adult patients with CKD is needed to improve care and outcomes. Research is advocated to support evidence-based recommendations, which we still lack for this increasingly large patient subgroup

Nutritional care is a human right: Translating principles to clinical practice

We have previously advocated that nutritional care be raised to the level of a human right in a close relationship to two well recognized fundamental rights: the right to food and the right to health. This paper aims to analyze the implication of nutritional care as a human right for healthcare practitioners. We will focus on the impact of the Human Rights Basic Approach (HRBA) on health care professionals (HCPs), namely how they can translate HRBA into routine clinical practice. Ethics and human rights are guiding values for clinical nutrition practitioners. Together they ensure a patient-centered approach, where the needs and rights of the patients are of the most significant importance. Human rights are based on the powerful idea of equal dignity for all people while expressing a set of core values, including fairness, respect, equality, dignity, and autonomy (FREDA). Through the analysis of FREDA principles, we have provided the elements to understand human rights and how a HRBA can support clinicians in the decision-making process. Clinical practice guidelines in clinical nutrition should incorporate disease-specific ethical issues and the HRBA. The HRBA should contribute to build conditions for HCPs to provide optimal and timely nutritional care. Nutritional care must be exercised by HCPs with due respect for several fundamental ethical values: attentiveness, responsibility competence, responsiveness, and solidarity

Nutritional care is a human right: Translating principles to clinical practice

We have previously advocated that nutritional care be raised to the level of a human right, in close relationship to two well-recognized fundamental rights: the right to food and the right to health. This article aims to analyze the implication of nutritional care as a human right for healthcare practitioners. We will focus on the impact of the Human Rights Basic Approach (HRBA) on healthcare professionals (HCPs), namely how they can translate HRBA into routine clinical practice. Ethics and human rights are guiding values for clinical nutrition practitioners. Together they ensure a patient-centered approach, in which the needs and rights of the patients are of the most significant importance. Human rights are based on the powerful idea of equal dignity for all people while expressing a set of core values, including fairness, respect, equality, dignity, and autonomy (FREDA). Through the analysis of FREDA principles, we have provided the elements to understand human rights and how an HRBA can support clinicians in the decision-making process. Clinical practice guidelines in clinical nutrition should incorporate disease-specific ethical issues and the HRBA. The HRBA should contribute to building conditions for HCPs to provide optimal and timely nutritional care. Nutritional care must be exercised by HCPs with due respect for several fundamental ethical values: attentiveness, responsibility competence, responsiveness, and solidarity

Environmental drivers of distribution and reef development of the Mediterranean coral Cladocora caespitosa

Cladocora caespitosa is the only Mediterranean scleractinian similar to tropical reef-building corals. While this species is part of the recent fossil history of the Mediterranean Sea, it is currently considered endangered due to its decline during the last decades. Environmental factors affecting the distribution and persistence of extensive bank reefs of this endemic species across its whole geographic range are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the environmental response of C. caespitosa and its main types of assemblages using ecological niche modeling and ordination analysis. We also predicted other suitable areas for the occurrence of the species and assessed the conservation effectiveness of Mediterranean marine protected areas (MPAs) for this coral. We found that phosphate concentration and wave height were factors affecting both the occurrence of this versatile species and the distribution of its extensive bioconstructions in the Mediterranean Sea. A set of factors (diffuse attenuation coefficient, calcite and nitrate concentrations, mean wave height, sea surface temperature, and shape of the coast) likely act as environmental barriers preventing the species from expansion to the Atlantic Ocean and the Black Sea. Uncertainties in our large-scale statistical results and departures from previous physiological and ecological studies are also discussed under an integrative perspective. This study reveals that Mediterranean MPAs encompass eight of the ten banks and 16 of the 21 beds of C. caespitosa. Preservation of water clarity by avoiding phosphate discharges may improve the protection of this emblematic species.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CTM2014-57949-R]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Plasmonic Waveguide-Integrated Nanowire Laser

Next-generation optoelectronic devices and photonic circuitry will have to incorporate on-chip compatible nanolaser sources. Semiconductor nanowire lasers have emerged as strong candidates for integrated systems with applications ranging from ultrasensitive sensing to data communication technologies. Despite significant advances in their fundamental aspects, the integration within scalable photonic circuitry remains challenging. Here we report on the realization of hybrid photonic devices consisting of nanowire lasers integrated with wafer-scale lithographically designed V-groove plasmonic waveguides. We present experimental evidence of the lasing emission and coupling into the propagating modes of the V-grooves, enabling on-chip routing of coherent and sub diffraction confined light with room temperature operation. Theoretical considerations suggest that the observed lasing is enabled by a waveguide hybrid photonic-plasmonic mode. This work represents a major advance toward the realization of application-oriented photonic circuits with integrated nanolaser sources