Functional electrical simulation (F.E.S.) in stroke

Electrical stimulation is a physical therapist technic used on many different pathologies; stroke is a recent application field that involves specific adjustment parameters, wich are different from other pathologies, based on last neurosciences advances, specially related with the work way to obtain cognitive activation.pre-prin

Treatment of the hemiplegic shoulder throught biofeedback: a case study

Motor learning requires feedback. When a person is acquiring a new skill, or modifying a previously acquired skill due to physical dysfunction, sensory feedback optimizes motor learning. Electromyography is a discipline that focuses on clinical and neurophysiological evaluation of neuromuscular pathology, and on certain aspects of CNS pathology (acquired or traumatic brain injury, etc.). Currently, use of biofeedback devices, amplifying the signal produced at the motor endplates, has allowed the introduction of this therapeutic tool to treatment of patients with acquired brain injury. Biofeedback can provide reinforcement of motor control improvements acquired through physiotherapy sessions, and help with development of specific sensorimotor skills, not only analytically, but also during occupational tasks. Availability of portable devices that are easy to use has allowed widespread application of biofeedback to functional improvement in activities of daily living.pre-prin

Recuperación funcional en pacientes mayores de 85 años ingresados en una unidad de media estancia de Madrid

Fundamento: las unidades de media estancia componen un nivel asistencial geriátrico, destinado a restablecer la funcionalidad en pacientes ancianos con deterioro reciente potencialmente reversible. Objetivo: evaluar la ganancia funcional en pacientes mayores de 85 años ingresados, durante el año 2021, en la unidad de media estancia del Hospital Guadarrama, de la Comunidad de Madrid, España. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo y retrospectivo, realizado en la institución y periodo de tiempo declarados en el objetivo. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 181 pacientes ingresados por ortogeriatría, deterioro funcional y daño cerebral adquirido. Se evaluaron las variables: edad, sexo, deterioro cognitivo (mediante cuestionario de Pfeiffer), comorbilidades (por índice de Charlson), valoración funcional (índice de Barthel), ganancia funcional, estancia y destino al alta. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 89,6±3,1 años, con 133 (73 %) mujeres. No existieron diferencias significativas en la ganancia funcional por procesos, con ganancias funcionales similares para ortogeriatría y deterioro funcional, 24,1±21,5 y 24,2±21,7 respectivamente. Se comprobaron diferencias significativas en el índice de Barthel al ingreso (p< 0,001) y al alta (p= 0,003), índice de Charlson (p< 0,001) y Pfeiffer (p= 0,001). La eficiencia de la rehabilitación fue mayor de 0,5 en los tres procesos, sin diferencias significativas entre ellos. El 69,1 % de los pacientes regresaron a su domicilio. Conclusiones: los pacientes octogenarios se benefician del ingreso en unidades de media estancia. El tratamiento rehabilitador mejora la funcionalidad global, reduce la dependencia del paciente así como la institucionalización del mismo

Are physical therapy interventions effective in improving sleep in people with chronic pain? A systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis

Chronic pain exerts an enormous personal and economic burden, with sleep disturbances being one of the most reported problems by adults with chronic pain. The aim of this study was to analyse whether different physical therapy interventions could lead to improvements in sleep quality and pain intensity in individuals with chronic pain, as well as if there is any association. A systematic review and a univariate and multivariate meta-analysis were carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed. Six randomised controlled trials were included in the review and four of them were included in the meta-analysis; all of them with a moderate to high methodological quality. Data from adult participants with chronic pain after different physical therapy interventions was extracted. For the meta-analysis, the Insomnia Severity Index and the Numerical Rating Scale were considered. Results from the qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that most of the physical therapy interventions included had higher improvements in the intervention group than in the control group, although the effect size was not statistically significant (univariate for sleep quality: −0.08 [−0.34, 0.18], p = 0.46; univariate for pain intensity: −0.47 [−1.24, 0.30], p = 0.18; multivariate for both outcomes: −0.27). More studies are still needed to determine which physical therapy interventions are effective to improve sleep in people with chronic pain and if there are patients with specific characteristics who may benefit more than others

Predictors of destination discharge in patients from a functional recovery unit in Madrid

Background: the functional recovery of the patient in specialized reduce the incidence of definitive institutionalization. Objective: o identify the predictors of destination at discharge of patients in the functional recovery unit of the Hospital Guadarrama of Madrid, Spain, from October 2021 to October 2022. Methods: retrospective observational study, performed in the unit and time period previously defined. The sample consisted of 741 clinically stable patients under rehabilitative treatment. We evaluated: age, gender, cognitive impairment (by Pfeiffer questionnaire), comorbidities (by Charlson index), functional assessment (Barthel index), walking ability, malnutrition, confusion syndrome, respiratory infection, urinary tract infections, heart failure, functional gain, and discharge destination . Results: Mean age of patients 78.31±11.34 years, with a degree of severe dependence on admission and high comorbidity. Functional gain was 29.53 points and 77.1 % of patients returned home. The probability that the destination at discharge outside the domicile increased 1,015 (1,004, 1,025) times for each point of increase in the Barthel index at discharge, while it decreased 0,896 (0,831, 0,967) times for each point of increase in the Pfeiffer, 0,62 (0,384, 0,979) times per point of increase in malnutrition and 0.581 (0.35, 0.978) times per point of increase in respiratory infection. Conclusions: the better the functional situation at discharge, the greater the probability of returning home. The presence of cognitive impairment, malnutrition and respiratory infection is associated with increased risk of institutionalization

Cognitive stimulation and cognitive results in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and Purpose The lack of cognitive activity accelerates age cognitive decline. Cognitive stimulation (CS) tries to enhance cognitive functioning. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of CS on cognitive outcomes (general cognitive functioning and specific cognitive domains) in older adults (aged 65 years or older, cognitively healthy participants, or with mild cognitive impairment, or dementia). Methods PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were examined from inception to October 2021. A total of 1,997 studies were identified in these databases, and. 33 studies were finally included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis. Raw means and standard deviations were used for continuous outcomes. Publication bias was examined by Egger's Regression Test for Funnel Plot Asymmetry and the quality assessment tools from the National Institutes of Health. Results CS significantly improves general cognitive functioning (mean difference=MD = 1.536, 95%CI, 0.832 to 2.240), memory (MD = 0.365, 95%CI, 0.300 to 0.430), orientation (MD = 0.428, 95%CI, 0.306 to 0.550), praxis (MD = 0.278, 95%CI, 0.094 to 0.462) and calculation (MD = 0.228, 95%CI, 0.112 to 0.343). Conclusion CS seems to increase general cognitive functioning, memory, orientation, praxis, and calculation in older adults

Validity and Reliability of Methods for Sonography Education in Physiotherapy: Onsite vs. Online.

Background: in physiotherapy, the interest in sonography education has been increasing in recent decades, giving rise to opportunities in education in an attempt to meet the elevated demand. In other health professions, online education has demonstrated to be of interest, and another possibility by which to obtain knowledge. Methods: this exploratory observational prospective study compared the outcomes between onsite versus online education, and was approved by the ethics committee of the Francisco de Vitoria University. Two groups (onsite and online) with 136 attendants and two levels for each (basic and advanced) received the same content but through different presentations. Theoretical exams were conducted via “Kahoot” and practical exams using phantoms, and the results were subject to statistical analyses. Results: the average age of onsite participants was 29.5 (25–35.25) years and 34 (28.5–40.5) for the online participants, with a higher percentage of women. The average score ranks in the Kahoot_basic test were higher for both online groups corresponding to basic (group 1) and advanced (group 2) levels: 7 (6.5, 7.5) for group 1 and 7 (6.5, 8.5) for group 2 vs. the onsite groups: 6 (5.5, 7) for group 1 and 6 (5, 6.5) for group 2. In the practical exam, the model detected that a small negative difference between the Onsite 2 group and the total effect was significant with a low effect size (R2adjusted = 0.025) for the measurements of the hollow structure; the difference between the Online 2 and Onsite 1 group was positive (1.5026, SE = 0.5822) and significant (t = 2.5809, p = 0.0113), with a low effect size (R2adjusted = 0.016) for the solid structure depth measurement. Conclusions: the results showed that there could be an opportunity to access sonography knowledge through online education in physical therapy compared to the traditional onsite model. These conclusions support the use of a low-cost and accessible method for ultrasound educationpost-print1219 K

Cognitive stimulation and psychosocial results in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Cognitive stimulation (CS) is a popular and cost-effective intervention, which applies different types of techniques focused on cognitive skills and can be administered by different professionals. CS can be defined as activities that involve cognitive processing usually conducted in a social context and often in a group. Therefore, CS can improve psychosocial functioning and quality of life (QoL), depression, anxiety and activities of daily living (ADLs) independent of the pharmacological treatment such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of CS on psychosocial outcomes in older adults (aged 65 years or over), with healthy cognitive ageing, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Methods PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were examined from inception to October 2021. A total of 1,997 studies were initially identified in these databases. After discarding studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 30 studies were finally included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis performed with robust variance estimator (RVE) due the inclusion of studies with repeated measurements. The quality assessment tools from the National Institutes of Health were used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Results CS was significantly associated with a higher QoL in participants who received personalized/adapted CS (RVE = 0.11±0.19 [-0.76, 0.99], t(1.86) = 0.6, p = 0.61). . Conclusion Personalized/adapted CS seems to improve QoL in older adults

Effects of Aquatic Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder on Social Competence and Quality of Life: A Mixed Methods Study.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a constellation of social deficits and repetitive sensory-motor behaviours. Aquatic therapy (AT) may be effective in improving the social interactions and behaviours in children with ASD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an AT program on social competence and quality of life and to understand participant’s experiences related to the intervention by obtaining qualitative data. A mixed methods intervention study was conducted among 6 children with ASD and their parents, with two research phases in a concurrent embedded design (an aquatic intervention as the quantitative design and a qualitative design in second step). The intervention and qualitative design followed international guidelines and were integrated into the method and reporting subheadings. Significant improvement was observed in the physical competence (p = 0.026) and important improvements in school functioning and aquatic skills, with no adverse events. Qualitative findings described: the meaning of AT intervention, patterns of behaviour and activities changes, social communication and social interaction. The aquatic intervention showed positive results for the social and physical competence, with elements of discordance, expansion, and confirmation between quantitative and qualitative results.post-print1657 K

Exploring Sentiment and Care Management of Hospitalized Patients During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Electronic Nursing Health Records: Descriptive Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the usual working of many hospitalization units (or wards). Few studies have used electronic nursing clinical notes (ENCN) and their unstructured text to identify alterations in patients' feelings and therapeutic procedures of interest. Objective: This study aimed to analyze positive or negative sentiments through inspection of the free text of the ENCN, compare sentiments of ENCN with or without hospitalized patients with COVID-19, carry out temporal analysis of the sentiments of the patients during the start of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and identify the topics in ENCN. Methods: This is a descriptive study with analysis of the text content of ENCN. All ENCNs between January and June 2020 at Guadarrama Hospital (Madrid, Spain) extracted from the CGM Selene Electronic Health Records System were included. Two groups of ENCNs were analyzed: one from hospitalized patients in post–intensive care units for COVID-19 and a second group from hospitalized patients without COVID-19. A sentiment analysis was performed on the lemmatized text, using the National Research Council of Canada, Affin, and Bing dictionaries. A polarity analysis of the sentences was performed using the Bing dictionary, SO Dictionaries V1.11, and Spa dictionary as amplifiers and decrementators. Machine learning techniques were applied to evaluate the presence of significant differences in the ENCN in groups of patients with and those without COVID-19. Finally, a structural analysis of thematic models was performed to study the abstract topics that occur in the ENCN, using Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic modeling. Results: A total of 37,564 electronic health records were analyzed. Sentiment analysis in ENCN showed that patients with subacute COVID-19 have a higher proportion of positive sentiments than those without COVID-19. Also, there are significant differences in polarity between both groups (Z=5.532, P0.8) and with significant P values between both groups. Through Structural Topic Modeling analysis, the final model containing 10 topics was selected. High correlations were noted among topics 2, 5, and 8 (pressure ulcer and pharmacotherapy treatment), topics 1, 4, 7, and 9 (incidences related to fever and well-being state, and baseline oxygen saturation) and topics 3 and 10 (blood glucose level and pain). Conclusions: The ENCN may help in the development and implementation of more effective programs, which allows patients with COVID-19 to adopt to their prepandemic lifestyle faster. Topic modeling could help identify specific clinical problems in patients and better target the care they receive.post-print353 K