108 research outputs found
Várostervezés és a térbeni-társadalmi szerkezet változásai Budapesten = Urban Planning and the Changes of the Socio-Spatial Structure of Budapest
A városok tĂ©rbeni-társadalmi szerkezetĂ©nek alakulásának megĂ©rtĂ©sĂ©ben fokozott szerepet tulajdonĂthatunk a tudatos tervezĹ‘i beavatkozásoknak, akkor, amikor azt kĂ©rdezzĂĽk, hogy milyen tĂ©nyezĹ‘k eredmĂ©nyekĂ©nt jön lĂ©tre az adott tĂ©rbeli-társadalmi szerkezet. A várostervezĂ©s ebben az Ă©rtelemben olyan professziĂłnak tekintendĹ‘, amely a kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ csoportok Ă©rdekeit Ă©rvĂ©nyesĂtĹ‘ hatalmi viszonyok keresztezĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©ben találhatĂł. A tervezĂ©s ugyanis bár sokszor törekszik arra, hogy önmagát semleges szakĂ©rtĹ‘i tevĂ©kenysĂ©gnek mutassa be, valĂłjában nem kerĂĽlheti el azt, hogy tevĂ©kenysĂ©ge során ? a kidolgozandĂł vagy elvetendĹ‘ alternatĂvák számbavĂ©telĂ©vel magának a tervezĂ©si folyamatnak eljárásmĂłdjaival a döntĂ©sek átvállalásával, Ă©s áthárĂtásával, stb. ? ne szolgáljon eszközĂĽl abban a folyamatban, amelyben az eltĂ©rĹ‘ Ă©rdekű társadalmi csoportok városon belĂĽli tĂ©rbeni-társadalmi helyzetĂĽk optimalizálására törekszenek. | The analysis of the spatial and social structure of modern cities and patterns of changes represent one of the basic research directions of urban sociology. The analysis of local and regional policies of certain Hungarian areas in restructuring their social structure served as the example of the consequencies of policies deliberately or tacitly implemented in favour of the better-off strata of the area. How can public participation, central regulations, European norms introduced in this field to balance these policies. We demonstrated that certain financial, economic interests of settlements are in conflict with traditions and other interests. The understanding of the mechanisms governing the internal structures of cities can help to understand the possible conflicts of the European integration as well
Najnovejše smeri razvoja urbane prenove v Budimpešti
V članku so orisani najnovejši družbeni procesi v središču Budimpešte, pri čemer se največ pozornosti posveča socialnemu trajnostnemu razvoju in gentrifikaciji, predstavljeni pa so tudi potencialni socialni konflikti na tem območju. Poleg tega so obravnavani najnovejše dogajanje na nepremičninskem trgu in območja gentrifikacije v središču mesta. V drugem delu so predstavljene smeri razvoja in mogoči dolgotrajni vplivi gradnje nepremičnin na preučevanem območju. Članek se konča z ugotovitvijo, da so lahko primeri gentrifikacije v središču Budimpešte opozorilni znak prihodnjega socialnega razseljevanja in socialne izključenosti
Transitions in Budapest’s Agglomeration 1990–2005
Since the collapse of socialism in Hungary in 1989, political and economic factors increased residential mobility between Budapest and its agglomeration area. Social disparities have become more pronounced not only among the settlements of the agglomeration, but also within them. This paper identifies the different status-dependent paths within the general process of suburbanization using official statistical data, survey and interview analysis. The empirical research was made in 1992 and was repeated in 2002.
We argue that higher status groups used the new opportunities to strengthen their status by choosing to move while the poor were forced to move to less advantageous sectors of the agglomeration. These phenomena are the consequences partly of spontaneous factors and partly of state and local government policies. The effects of market forces can be taken as spontaneous factors and they increased western type suburbanization. Several measures taken by states and local governments increased the impact of these factors, helping higher-status groups to move to favorable areas within and around the cities. The same urban and housing policy measures increased the risk of concentrating poverty in certain areas of cities and they resulted in the not-well-known outmigration of lower-status groups. These groups had to move out of the city because it became too expensive for them to live there. Poverty meant that they were unable to find places in high or middle-status suburban areas around the cities and they had to move to more distant, poorer areas of the country
A városrehabilitáció társadalmi hatásai = Social Consequences of Urban Renewal
A kutatás során a városrehabilitáciĂł hatásait vizsgáltuk kĂ©t mintaterĂĽleten. A belsĹ‘ városrĂ©szek átalakulásának viszonylag Ăşj keletű formáját jelenti a szociális városrehabilitáciĂłs projekt. Ezek nagy tĹ‘keigĂ©nyűek, a rehabilitáciĂł több Ă©vig elhĂşzĂłdhat Ă©s az eredmĂ©ny nem gyors, illetve nem feltĂ©tlenĂĽl látványos,Ă©s csak akkor lehet sikeres, ha több egymással látszĂłlag csak kevĂ©ssĂ© összefĂĽggĹ‘ terĂĽleten is koordinált elĹ‘relĂ©pĂ©st sikerĂĽl elĂ©rni. A rehabilitáciĂł másik formája, a lebontásos-ĂşjjáépĂtĂ©si stratĂ©giát alkalmazĂł átĂ©pĂtĂ©s, ahol ugyan a meghirdetett cĂ©lok között kiemelt helyen szerepel a rászorulĂłk remĂ©nytelen helyzetĂ©nek javĂtása, azonban a munkálatok megkezdĂ©se mögött sokszor nem annyira a leromlott, slumosodott terĂĽleten Ă©lĹ‘k helyzetĂ©nek javĂtása, hanem az ingatlanpiaci viszonyok megváltozása áll. A BelsĹ‘-ErzsĂ©betvárosban a nĂ©pszámlálási adatok elemzĂ©se 2001-ig mĂ©g viszonylag kis nĂ©pessĂ©gcserĂ©t mutatott. A rehabilitáciĂł hatására a 2005-2009 között eltelt idĹ‘ben felgyorsult a nĂ©pessĂ©gcsere (nem csak a szándĂ©kolt, de a fejlesztĂ©sek Ă©s a bizonytalan helyzet miatt a spontán nĂ©pessĂ©gcsere is). A studentifikáciĂłnak egyre erĹ‘teljesebb jelei mutatkoznak. A terĂĽleten egyrĂ©szt megnĹ‘tt az egyetemre/fĹ‘iskolára járĂł lakĂłk aránya, akik jelentĹ‘s rĂ©sze lakást (szobát) bĂ©rel, kisebb rĂ©sze a család által örökölt vagy vásárolt lakásban lakik. JelentĹ‘s rĂ©szĂĽk a belvárosi Ă©letet csak átmenetinek tekinti, amint lehetĹ‘sĂ©ge adĂłdik inkább zöldövezetbe fog költözni. | International examples show that there are various strategies for encouraging some social groups to move to the city centre. The renovation process had similar effects in Budapest, but only in very limited areas. As we have observed the new residents in the inner city are higher status groups from other cities. They could find good opportunities in urban reconstruction programs, or in newly built high status dwellings in the central city. The most important question in this process is its effect on the lower-status groups of the area, who are forced to move out. In some cases, moving away is desirable for them as well -this is the only solution for them. Because of the constant uncertainty in the renovation process and the fear that they have to leave their home, many of the residents postponed refurbishments and now they feel trapped in their own social housing. It seems impossible to sell these flats. Many residents only want to move into a less insecure situation. For policy-makers, the “de-concentration of poverty” often seems to be good idea in the form of exporting it to other parts of the city, or to the countryside. These social groups are the most vulnerable and powerless ones in the articulation of their interests, so the question of price remains: do these social groups have to pay the social cost of the renovation that was carried out to benefit higher-status social groups
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