6,263 research outputs found
Bias corrections for probit and logit models with two-way fixed effects
In this article, we present the user-written commands probitfe and logitfe, which fit probit and logit panel-data models with individual and time unobserved effects. Fixed-effects panel-data methods that estimate the unobserved effects can be severely biased because of the incidental parameter problem (Neyman and Scott, 1948, Econometrica 16: –32). We tackle this problem using the analytical and jackknife bias corrections derived in Fernández-Val and Weidner (2016, Journal of Econometrics 192: 291–312) for panels where the two dimensions (N and T) are moderately large. We illustrate the commands with an empirical application to international trade and a Monte Carlo simulation calibrated to this application
Near infrared and optical morphology of the dusty galaxy NGC972
Near infrared (NIR) and optical surface photometric analyses of the dusty
galaxy NGC972 are presented. The photometric profiles in the BVRJHK bands can
be fitted with a combination of gaussian and exponential profiles,
corresponding to a starburst nucleus and a stellar disk respectively. The
exponential scale length in the B-band is 2.8 times larger than in the K-band,
which implies a central B-band optical depth as high as 11. A bulge is absent
even in the NIR bands and hence the galaxy must be of a morphological type
later than the usually adopted Sb type. Relatively low rotational velocity and
high gas content also favor a later type, probably Sd, for the galaxy. Only one
arm can be traced in the distribution of old stars; the second arm, however,
can be traced in the distribution of dust and HII regions. Data suggest a short
NIR bar, which ends inside the nuclear ring. The slowly rising nature of the
rotation curve rules out a resonance origin of the the nuclear ring. The ring
is most likely not in the plane of the galaxy, given its circular appearance in
spite of the moderately high inclination of the galaxy. The off-planar nature
of the star forming ring, the unusually high fraction (30%) of the total mass
in molecular form, the presence of a nuclear starburst and the asymmetry of
spiral arms, are probably the result of a merger with a gas-rich companion
galaxy.Comment: Uses aas2pp4.sty and epsfig.sty, 12 pages To appear in Astronomical
Journal, October 199
Stellar disks of Collisional Ring Galaxies I. New multiband images, Radial intensity and color profiles, and confrontation with N-body simulations
We present new multi-band imaging data in the optical (BVRI and Halpha) and
near infrared bands (JHK) of 15 candidate ring galaxies from the sample of
Appleton & Marston (1997). We use these data to obtain color composite images,
global magnitudes and colors of both the ring galaxy and its companion(s), and
radial profiles of intensity and colors. We find that only nine of the observed
galaxies have multi-band morphologies expected for the classical collisional
scenario of ring formation, indicating the high degree of contamination of the
ring galaxy sample by galaxies without a clear ring morphology. The radial
intensity profiles, obtained by masking the off-centered nucleus, peak at the
position of the ring, with the profiles in the continuum bands broader than
that in the Halpha line. The images as well as the radial intensity and color
profiles clearly demonstrate the existence of the pre-collisional stellar disk
outside the star-forming ring, which is in general bluer than the disk internal
to the ring. The stellar disk seems to have retained its size, with the disk
outside the ring having a shorter exponential scale length as compared to the
values expected in normal spiral galaxies of comparable masses. The rings in
our sample of galaxies are found to be located preferentially at around
half-way through the stellar disk. The most likely reason for this preference
is bias against detecting rings when they are close to the center (they would
be confused with the resonant rings), and at the edge of the disk the gas
surface density may be below the critical density required for star formation.
Most of the observed characteristics point to relatively recent collisions (<80
Myr ago) according to the N-body simulations of Gerber et al. (1996).Comment: To appear in AJ issue of September 2008. High resolution color image
of Figure 2 and other supplementary images are available at
http://www.inaoep.mx/~ydm/rings
Correction: Martínez-González, M.A. et al. Transferability of the Mediterranean Diet to Non-Mediterranean Countries. What Is and What Is Not the Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2017, 9, 1226
The authors have requested that the following changes be made to their paper [1]
Resonant Enhancement of Charge Density Wave Diffraction in the Rare-Earth Tritellurides
We performed resonant soft X-ray diffraction on known charge density wave
(CDW) compounds, rare earth tri-tellurides. Near the (3d - 4f) absorption
edge of rare earth ions, an intense diffraction peak is detected at a
wavevector identical to that of CDW state hosted on Te planes, indicating a
CDW-induced modulation on the rare earth ions. Surprisingly, the temperature
dependence of the diffraction peak intensity demonstrates an exponential
increase at low temperatures, vastly different than that of the CDW order
parameter. Assuming 4f multiplet splitting due to the CDW states,we present a
model to calculate X-ray absorption spectrum and resonant profile of the
diffraction peak, agreeing well with experimental observations. Our results
demonstrate a situation where the temperature dependence of resonant X-ray
diffraction peak intensity is not directly related to the intrinsic behavior of
the order parameter associated with the electronic order, but is dominated by
the thermal occupancy of the valence states.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
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