Caracteres discrets et evolution. Exemple d'une population nubienne: Missiminia (Soudan)

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 79693 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Une incinération du Bronze final découverte à Florange Daspich (Moselle)

ABSTRACT A rescue dig undertaken in 1985 led to the discovery of a cinerary urn with a relatively small amount of grave goods: a bronze ring, a tubular bronze bead, fragments of a gold ring. The technical characteristics and the alloy used for the artefact are well in keeping with the typological attribution to the « Rhine, Switzerland and Eastern France » Late Bronze Age. Examination of both the remains of the bones and the metal objects, in particular the gold ring, seems to indicate that the body was cremated with its ornaments, in an uneven fire which reached fairly high temperatures (800 to 900 °C). Collaborative research on this discovery from Florange has added some interesting information to our knowledge about the regional Late Bronze Age regarding funerary practices (poorly documented until now), gold palaeometallurgy, and the first observable pa- laeopathology data.Boura Frédérique, Crubézy Eric, Eluère Christiane. Une incinération du Bronze final découverte à Florange Daspich (Moselle). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 87, n°4, 1990. pp. 117-122

Populations anciennes et ADN ancien: état actuel de la question

International audienceLes possibilités offertes par la biologie moléculaire dans le domaine de l'anthropologie sont aujourd'hui largement reconnues. Après un rappel très succinct des marqueurs utilisés pour étudier l'ADN extrait de tissus anciens, cet article cherche à souligner les limites et les difficultés inhérentes à l'analyses de molécules dégradées et se propose de faire le point sur l'intérêt d'une approche moléculaire en anthropologie au travers d'exemples issus de la littérature

Populations anciennes et ADN ancien: état actuel de la question

International audienceLes possibilités offertes par la biologie moléculaire dans le domaine de l'anthropologie sont aujourd'hui largement reconnues. Après un rappel très succinct des marqueurs utilisés pour étudier l'ADN extrait de tissus anciens, cet article cherche à souligner les limites et les difficultés inhérentes à l'analyses de molécules dégradées et se propose de faire le point sur l'intérêt d'une approche moléculaire en anthropologie au travers d'exemples issus de la littérature

A History of Caries in the Middle Ages: Characteristics and Cultural Profiles

International audienceIn paleopathology, since the mid-1960s, caries and its characteristics have been studied on nnedieval teeth by many different teams in Europe, particularly in relation to the dietary and cultural habits of the populations concerned. The aims of this article are to propose a global study of caries within European medieval populations through various parameters such as prevalence, distribution, location, gender, and diet

A History of Caries in the Middle Ages: Characteristics and Cultural Profiles

International audienceIn paleopathology, since the mid-1960s, caries and its characteristics have been studied on nnedieval teeth by many different teams in Europe, particularly in relation to the dietary and cultural habits of the populations concerned. The aims of this article are to propose a global study of caries within European medieval populations through various parameters such as prevalence, distribution, location, gender, and diet

A new deep branch of eurasian mtDNA macrohaplogroup M reveals additional complexity regarding the settlement of Madagascar

Abstract Background Current models propose that mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroups M and N evolved from haplogroup L3 soon after modern humans left Africa. Increasingly, however, analysis of isolated populations is filling in the details of, and in some cases challenging, aspects of this general model. Results Here, we present the first comprehensive study of three such isolated populations from Madagascar: the Mikea hunter-gatherers, the neighbouring Vezo fishermen, and the Merina central highlanders (n = 266). Complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequences reveal several unresolved lineages, and a new, deep branch of the out-of-Africa founder clade M has been identified. This new haplogroup, M23, has a limited global distribution, and is restricted to Madagascar and a limited range of African and Southwest Asian groups. Conclusions The geographic distribution, phylogenetic placement and molecular age of M23 suggest that the colonization of Madagascar was more complex than previously thought.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are

Le mobilier de l’hypogée 2 du Mont-Aimé au Val-des-Marais (Marne) dans son cadre régional : nouvelles données.

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The ancient Yakuts: a population genetic enigma

International audienceThis study is part of an ongoing project aiming at determining the ethnogenesis of an eastern Siberian ethnic group, the Yakuts, on the basis of archaeological excavations carried out over a period of 10 years in three regions of Yakutia: Central Yakutia, the Vilyuy River basin and the Verkhoyansk area. In this study, genetic analyses were carried out on skeletal remains from 130 individuals of unknown ancestry dated mainly from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century AD. Kinship studies were conducted using sets of commercially available autosomal and Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) along with hypervariable region I sequences of the mitochondrial DNA. An unexpected and intriguing finding of this work was that the uniparental marker systems did not always corroborate results from autosomal DNA analyses; in some cases, false-positive relationships were observed. These discrepancies revealed that 15 autosomal STR loci are not sufficient to discriminate between first degree relatives and more distantly related individuals in our ancient Yakut sample. The Y-STR analyses led to similar conclusions, because the current Y-STR panels provided the limited resolution of the paternal lineages

Etude d'ADN ancien au niveau de la pulpe dentaire de la série ostéologique de Saint Côme et Damien

International audienceDe nombreuses études soutiennent l’hypothèse de la “non-possibilité” de contamination de pulpes dentaires par de l’ADN exogène ou par des inhibiteurs de la réaction de polymérisation en chaîne. Nous avons étudié les loci STR de 20 dents appartenant à quatre sujets de la série ostéologique de Saint Côme et Damien. L’ADN a été extrait de pulpes dentaires anciennes recueillies après fracture des 20 dents. Nous avons mis en évidence une fragmentation très importante de l’ADN qui inhibe la réaction de polymérisation en chaîne. Cette inhibition a été limitée par dilution des volumes réactionnels des échantillons, nous avons pu mettre alors en évidence des profils alléliques malgré l’extrême dégradation de l’ADN