PERCEPÇÃO DA DOENÇA CARDÍACA E NÍVEIS DE ESTRESSE EM ADULTOS INTERNADOS EM ENFERMARIA

A doença cardíaca encontra-se entre as mais comuns afecções do mundo moderno e, geralmente, causam grande impacto emocional nos pacientes, incluindo o estresse. Essa pesquisa objetivou caracterizar a percepção do indivíduo sobre sua doença cardíaca; conhecer os níveis de estresse nesses pacientes e correlacionar essas duas variáveis. Participaram 18 pacientes internados em enfermaria de cardiologia, com idade entre 35 e 82 anos. Utilizou-se os instrumentos: ficha de informações sóciodemográficas, Inventário de Percepção da Doença – revisado e o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos. Os resultados demonstraram padrões médios na percepção da doença; presença de estresse na maioria dos pacientes, sendo os sintomas psicológicos mais incidentes. Não houve correlação entre as variáveis percepção da doença e níveis de estresse.

ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO, SAÚDE MENTAL E BEM-ESTAR SUBJETIVO EM ADULTOS COM INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA

Este trabalho, realizado com pacientes cardiopatas, objetivou investigar a saúde mental; identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas; verificar o bem-estar subjetivo e analisar a correlação entre as variáveis psicológicas. Participaram 30 adultos, com idade média de 61 anos (DP±10,25). Os resultados indicaram que a estratégia de enfrentamento mais utilizada foi a focalizada no problema, seguida pela estratégia baseada em práticas religiosas e pensamentos fantasiosos e busca de suporte social. Os participantes apresentam saúde mental positiva e bem-estar subjetivo positivo

Oral Phenotype and Salivary Microbiome of Individuals With Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome.

Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is an autosomal recessive rare disease, main characteristics of which include palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and premature edentulism due to advanced periodontitis (formerly aggressive periodontitis). This study aimed to characterize the oral phenotype, including salivary parameters, and the salivary microbiome of three PLS sisters, comparatively. Two sisters were toothless (PLSTL1 and PLSTL2), and one sister had most of the teeth in the oral cavity (PLST). Total DNA was extracted from the unstimulated saliva, and the amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment was performed in an Ion PGM platform. The amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were obtained using the DADA2 pipeline, and the taxonomy was assigned using the SILVA v.138. The main phenotypic characteristics of PLS were bone loss and premature loss of primary and permanent dentition. The PLST sister presented advanced periodontitis with gingival bleeding and suppuration, corresponding to the advanced periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease, stage IV, grade C. All three PLS sisters presented hyposalivation as a possible secondary outcome of the syndrome. Interestingly, PLST salivary microbiota was dominated by the uncultured bacteria Bacterioidales (F0058), Fusobacterium, Treponema, and Sulfophobococcus (Archaea domain). Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and Caldivirga (Archaea) dominated the microbiome of the PLSTL1 sister, while the PLSTL2 had higher abundances of Lactobacillus and Porphyromonas. This study was the first to show a high abundance of organisms belonging to the Archaea domain comprising a core microbiome in human saliva. In conclusion, a PLST individual does have a microbiota different from that of the periodontitis' aggressiveness previously recognized. Due to an ineffective cathepsin C, the impairment of neutrophils probably provided a favorable environment for the PLS microbiome. The interactions of Bacteroidales F0058, Caldivirga, and Sulfophobococcus with the microbial consortium of PLS deserves future investigation. Traditional periodontal therapy is not efficient in PLS patients. Unraveling the PLS microbiome is essential in searching for appropriate treatment and avoiding early tooth loss

Regulation of chemokine receptor by Toll-like receptor 2 is critical to neutrophil migration and resistance to polymicrobial sepsis

Patients with sepsis have a marked defect in neutrophil migration. Here we identify a key role of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in the regulation of neutrophil migration and resistance during polymicrobial sepsis. We found that the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 was dramatically down-regulated in circulating neutrophils from WT mice with severe sepsis, which correlates with reduced chemotaxis to CXCL2 in vitro and impaired migration into an infectious focus in vivo. TLR2 deficiency prevented the down-regulation of CXCR2 and failure of neutrophil migration. Moreover, TLR2−/− mice exhibited higher bacterial clearance, lower serum inflammatory cytokines, and improved survival rate during severe sepsis compared with WT mice. In vitro, the TLR2 agonist lipoteichoic acid (LTA) down-regulated CXCR2 expression and markedly inhibited the neutrophil chemotaxis and actin polymerization induced by CXCL2. Moreover, neutrophils activated ex vivo by LTA and adoptively transferred into naïve WT recipient mice displayed a significantly reduced competence to migrate toward thioglycolate-induced peritonitis. Finally, LTA enhanced the expression of G protein–coupled receptor kinases 2 (GRK2) in neutrophils; increased expression of GRK2 was seen in blood neutrophils from WT mice, but not TLR2−/− mice, with severe sepsis. Our findings identify an unexpected detrimental role of TLR2 in polymicrobial sepsis and suggest that inhibition of TLR2 signaling may improve survival from sepsis