Colorectal cancer in South Africa: A heritable cause suspected in many young black patients

Background. Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has a low incidence among the black African population. Largely unrecognised in the scientific literature is the fact that a disproportionately large number of young black patients

Monitoring of rotavirus infection in a paediatric hospital by RNA electrophoresis

During the spring of 1987 and the autumn of 1988, stool specimens were collected from infants and young children in the paediatric unit at H. F. Verwoerd Hospital,  Pretoria, and examined for the presence of rotaviruses to assess the potential for hospital-acquired infection in the paediatric wards. Stool samples were also  collected from children admitted to the hospital for causes unrelated to gastro-enteritis to investigate the possible asymptomatic carriage of rotavirus in this population. Hospital-acquired rotavirus infection was detennined in only 9% of cases. Very little asymptomatic carriage of the virus was identified. Electrophoretic analysis of the rotavirus strains showed that the majority of the infections (20 of 42) were associated with a particular strain with a long RNA profile, while 7 minor strains co-circulated (5 with a long electrophoretype and 2 with a short one). An apparent small outbreak of nosocomial infection with a single strain was observed to occur in one of the paediatric wards during the spring and early summer

Prevalence of vaginitis, syphilis and HIV infection in women in the Orange Free State

Objective. To determine the prevalence of vaginitis, syphilis and HIV infection in women in the Orange Free State.Method. By cluster sampling, 120 rural (farm) and 120 urban (local authority) clusters, each containing 4 women, were selected. Women aged 18 - 49 years who were included in the study had a cervical smear taken for cytological evaluation and blood specimens drawn for syphilis and HIV testing; they were questioned on their knowledge of AIDS.Results. Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis was present in 27,4% of the rural women and 29,6% of the urban women, Gardnerella vaginalis in 7,2% and 8,4% and Candida spp. in 2,6% and 6,7% respectively. Syphilis serology was positive in 12% of rural and 16% of urban women. HIV was present in 0,4% of rural and 1,5% of urban women. Ninety per cent of urban women and 74% of rural women knew AIDS was a sexually transmitted disease.Conclusions. The prevalences of trichomonas vaginitis and syphilis were unusually high, while HIV positivity was similar to that in other reports in South Africa

Моксифлоксацин (авелокс) в сравнении с комбинацией "офлоксацин плюс метронидазол" при неосложненных воспалительных заболеваниях органов малого таза. Результаты многоцентрового, двойного слепого, рандомизированного клинического исследования

ЖЕНСКИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ /ЛЕК ТЕРМОКСИФЛОКСАЦИНАВЕЛОКСОФЛОКСАЦИНМЕТРОНИДАЗО

The contribution of coaching and mentoring to the development of participants in entrepreneurial development programmes

CITATION: van Coller-Peter, S. & Cronjé, J. 2020. The Contribution of Coaching and Mentoring to the Development of Participants in Entrepreneurial Development Programmes. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 18(2):51-67. doi:10.24384/bg74-fc70The original publication is available at https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/b6bb9783-f20a-44f6-9e07-f9bdf4437eb1/1/A significant need among small and medium enterprises is the transfer of skills, specifically business acumen, through mentorship and coaching. Despite the similarities between coaching and mentoring, it is important to understand the different contributions that coaching and mentoring can make to the development of entrepreneurs. The findings of this qualitative study acknowledge the different contributions of coaching and mentoring to participants at the University of Stellenbosch Business School’s (USB) Small Business Academy. It is therefore recommended that coaching and mentoring should be defined separately and differently within the context of the USB Small Business Academy’s Development Programme and similar entrepreneurial development programmes.https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/7eea93d3-a316-4242-be40-0c9b11997bd4/1/Publishers versio

Metabolic syndrome at 6 weeks after delivery in a cohort of pre-eclamptic and normotensive women

BACKGROUND. The association between pre-eclampsia and the subsequent development of metabolic syndrome has not been well documented in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES. To compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome at 6 weeks after delivery among women with pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia with that in a normotensive, low-risk control group in an urban South African (SA) setting. METHODS. This was a prospective cohort study at two tertiary-level hospitals and one district-level hospital in Pretoria, SA. Women were recruited after delivery and were followed up 6 weeks later to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. RESULTS. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 48/150 women with pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia (32.0%), compared with 33/150 (22.0%) of the control group (p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS. Women who developed pre-eclampsia during pregnancy had an increased chance of metabolic syndrome being diagnosed 6 weeks after delivery. Guidelines should be developed to identify women with cardiometabolic risk, so that interventions may be implemented to modify this risk before and after pregnancy.http://www.samj.org.zadm2022Obstetrics and GynaecologyStatistic

Exploring the adequacy of obtaining informed consent for caesarean deliveries : a patient perspective

OBJECTIVES : The objective of this study was to assess the adequacy of informed consent obtained from patients prior to caesarean delivery. DESIGN : Descriptive study SETTING : Tertiary level hospitals in a major South African center in Pretoria, South Africa SUBJECTS : Two-hundred-and-fi fty patients who underwent elective and emergency caesarean deliveries OUTCOME MEASURES : The assessment of the adequacy of the informed consent was assessed via a questionnaire that the participants answered on day 2-3 post caesarean delivery. RESULTS : Average age of participants was 28.8 years (28.75 ± 5.92). Twenty three percent (23.2%) of the participants underwent elective and 76.8% underwent emergency caesarean deliveries. Seventy fi ve percent (75.6%) of the participants knew the name of the procedure, although only 29.2% were aware of the associated risks, and 59.2% of participants knew of their right to refuse the procedure. CONCLUSION : Adequate communication is essential to all aspects of medicine and this study has highlighted the inadequacy of the informed consent process that takes place at our institution. Information regarding risks and complications was not adequately communicated. A standardized informed consent document that healthcare professionals can use for counseling, starting antenatally, should be considered.https://journals.co.za/journal/medogam2022Obstetrics and GynaecologyStatistic

Daily or weekly? The role of treatment frequency in the effectiveness of grammar treatment for children with specific language impairment.

This study compared the effectiveness of a school-based treatment for expressive grammar in 5-year-olds with specific language impairment delivered in two different dose frequencies: eight sessions delivered daily over 8 consecutive school days or eight sessions delivered weekly over 8 consecutive weeks. Eighteen children received treatment daily and 13 children received treatment weekly. In both groups, treatment consisted of eight 1-hour sessions of small group activities in a classroom setting. Techniques included explicit instruction, focused stimulation, recasting, and imitation. Results were analysed at the group level and as a case series with each child as their own control in a single-subject design. The 8-weeks group showed significantly greater gain in test scores over the treatment period than in an equal time period prior to treatment, whereas the 8-days group did not (Cohen's d = 1.64 for 8-weeks group). Single-subject analyses indicated that 46% of children in the 8-week group and 17% of children in the 8-day group showed a significant treatment effect. It is concluded that expressive grammar treatment was most effective when dose frequency was weekly over 8 weeks rather than daily over 8 days for 5-year-old children with specific language impairment.13 page(s

The plant communities of the Andover Game Reserve, South Africa

Floristic characteristics of the Andover Game Reserve (AGR) were surveyed using an area-based survey technique and classified according to the data recorded from 88 relevés, using the PHYTOTAB-PC software package. Three plant communities, of which two each contain two variants, were described and mapped. The plant communities and their causative environmental factors were validated through detrended- and canonical correspondence multivariate analyses. The plant communities of the AGR were found to typify the floristics associated with the catenal sequences located in undulating areas on granite. Broad-leaved savanna is located at the crest and upper mid-slopes while fine-leaved savanna occurs along the footslopes of the AGR. Seeplines, a characteristic occurrence along catenas, are found at the transitional zone between the upper broad- and lower fine-leaved savanna plant communities. This study forms the basis for the compilation of a revised ecological management plan for the Andover Game Reserve