4,282 research outputs found
Tanaka-Tagoshi Parametrization of post-1PN Spin-Free Gravitational Wave Chirps: Equispaced and Cardinal Interpolated Lattices For First Generation Interferometric Antennas
The spin-free binary-inspiral parameter-space introduced by Tanaka and
Tagoshi to construct a uniformly-spaced lattice of templates at (and possibly
beyond) order is shown to work for all first generation interferometric
gravitational wave antennas. This allows to extend the minimum-redundant
cardinal interpolation techniques of the correlator bank developed by the
Authors to the highest available order PN templates. The total number of 2PN
templates to be computed for a minimal match is reduced by a
factor 4, as in the 1PN case.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Optimum Placement of Post-1PN GW Chirp Templates Made Simple at any Match Level via Tanaka-Tagoshi Coordinates
A simple recipe is given for constructing a maximally sparse regular lattice
of spin-free post-1PN gravitational wave chirp templates subject to a given
minimal match constraint, using Tanaka-Tagoshi coordinates.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev.
Rejection Properties of Stochastic-Resonance-Based Detectors of Weak Harmonic Signals
In (V. Galdi et al., Phys. Rev. E57, 6470, 1998) a thorough characterization
in terms of receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) of stochastic-resonance
(SR) detectors of weak harmonic signals of known frequency in additive gaussian
noise was given. It was shown that strobed sign-counting based strategies can
be used to achieve a nice trade-off between performance and cost, by comparison
with non-coherent correlators. Here we discuss the more realistic case where
besides the sought signal (whose frequency is assumed known) further unwanted
spectrally nearby signals with comparable amplitude are present. Rejection
properties are discussed in terms of suitably defined false-alarm and
false-dismissal probabilities for various values of interfering signal(s)
strength and spectral separation.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. Misprints corrected. PACS numbers added. RevTeX
Exploiting programmable architectures for WiFi/ZigBee inter-technology cooperation
The increasing complexity of wireless standards has shown that protocols cannot be designed once for all possible deployments, especially when unpredictable and mutating interference situations are present due to the coexistence of heterogeneous technologies. As such, flexibility and (re)programmability of wireless devices is crucial in the emerging scenarios of technology proliferation and unpredictable interference conditions.
In this paper, we focus on the possibility to improve coexistence performance of WiFi and ZigBee networks by exploiting novel programmable architectures of wireless devices able to support run-time modifications of medium access operations. Differently from software-defined radio (SDR) platforms, in which every function is programmed from scratch, our programmable architectures are based on a clear decoupling between elementary commands (hard-coded into the devices) and programmable protocol logic (injected into the devices) according to which the commands execution is scheduled.
Our contribution is two-fold: first, we designed and implemented a cross-technology time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme devised to provide a global synchronization signal and allocate alternating channel intervals to WiFi and ZigBee programmable nodes; second, we used the OMF control framework to define an interference detection and adaptation strategy that in principle could work in independent and autonomous networks. Experimental results prove the benefits of the envisioned solution
How Many Templates for GW Chirp Detection? The Minimal-Match Issue Revisited
In a recent paper dealing with maximum likelihood detection of gravitational
wave chirps from coalescing binaries with unknown parameters we introduced an
accurate representation of the no-signal cumulative distribution of the
supremum of the whole correlator bank. This result can be used to derive a
refined estimate of the number of templates yielding the best tradeoff between
detector's performance (in terms of lost signals among those potentially
detectable) and computational burden.Comment: submitted to Class. Quantum Grav. Typing error in eq. (4.8) fixed;
figure replaced in version
Privacy-preserving overgrid: Secure data collection for the smart grid
In this paper, we present a privacy-preserving scheme for Overgrid, a fully distributed peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture designed to automatically control and implement distributed Demand Response (DR) schemes in a community of smart buildings with energy generation and storage capabilities. To monitor the power consumption of the buildings, while respecting the privacy of the users, we extend our previous Overgrid algorithms to provide privacy preserving data aggregation (PP-Overgrid). This new technique combines a distributed data aggregation scheme with the Secure Multi-Party Computation paradigm. First, we use the energy profiles of hundreds of buildings, classifying the amount of “flexible” energy consumption, i.e., the quota which could be potentially exploited for DR programs. Second, we consider renewable energy sources and apply the DR scheme to match the flexible consumption with the available energy. Finally, to show the feasibility of our approach, we validate the PP-Overgrid algorithm in simulation for a large network of smart buildings
Surface roughness effect on ultracold neutron interaction with a wall and implications for computer simulations
We review the diffuse scattering and the loss coefficient in ultracold
neutron reflection from slightly rough surfaces, report a surprising reduction
in loss coefficient due to roughness, and discuss the possibility of transition
from quantum treatment to ray optics. The results are used in a computer
simulation of neutron storage in a recent neutron lifetime experiment that
re-ported a large discrepancy of neutron lifetime with the current particle
data value. Our partial re-analysis suggests the possibility of systematic
effects that were not included in this publication.Comment: 39 pages, 9 figures; additional calculations include
A channel aware adaptive modem for underwater acoustic communications
Acoustic underwater channels are very challenging, because of limited bandwidth, long propagation delays, extended multipath, severe attenuation, rapid time variation and large Doppler shifts. A plethora of underwater communication techniques have been developed for dealing with such a complexity, mostly tailoring specific applications scenarios which can not be considered as one-size-fits-all solutions. Indeed, the design of environment-specific solutions is especially critical for modulations with high spectral efficiency, which are very sensitive to channel characteristics. In this paper, we design and implement a software-defined modem able to dynamically estimate the acoustic channel conditions, tune the parameters of a OFDM modulator as a function of the environment, or switch to a more robust JANUS/FSK modulator in case of harsh propagation conditions. The temporal variability of the channel behavior is summarized in terms of maximum delay spread and Doppler spread. We present a very efficient solution for deriving these parameters and discuss the limit conditions under which the OFDM modulator can work. In such scenarios, we also calibrate the prefix length and the number of sub-carriers for limiting the inter-symbol interference and signal distortions due to the Doppler effect. We validate our estimation and adaptation techniques by using both a custom-made simulator for time-varying underwater channels and the well-known Watermark simulator, as well as real in field experiments. Our results show that, for many practical cases, a dynamic adjustment of the prefix length and number of sub-carriers may enable the utilization of OFDM modulations in underwater communications, while in harsher environments JANUS can be used as a fall-back modulation
Adaptive Algorithms for Batteryless LoRa-Based Sensors
Ambient energy-powered sensors are becoming increasingly crucial for the sustainability of the Internet-of-Things (IoT). In particular, batteryless sensors are a cost-effective solution that require no battery maintenance, last longer and have greater weatherproofing properties due to the lack of a battery access panel. In this work, we study adaptive transmission algorithms to improve the performance of batteryless IoT sensors based on the LoRa protocol. First, we characterize the device power consumption during sensor measurement and/or transmission events. Then, we consider different scenarios and dynamically tune the most critical network parameters, such as inter-packet transmission time, data redundancy and packet size, to optimize the operation of the device. We design appropriate capacity-based storage, considering a renewable energy source (e.g., photovoltaic panel), and we analyze the probability of energy failures by exploiting both theoretical models and real energy traces. The results can be used as feedback to re-design the device to have an appropriate amount energy storage and meet certain reliability constraints. Finally, a cost analysis is also provided for the energy characteristics of our system, taking into account the dimensioning of both the capacitor and solar panel
Rotating Electromagnetic Waves in Toroid-Shaped Regions
Electromagnetic waves, solving the full set of Maxwell equations in vacuum,
are numerically computed. These waves occupy a fixed bounded region of the
three dimensional space, topologically equivalent to a toroid. Thus, their
fluid dynamics analogs are vortex rings. An analysis of the shape of the
sections of the rings, depending on the angular speed of rotation and the major
diameter, is carried out. Successively, spherical electromagnetic vortex rings
of Hill's type are taken into consideration. For some interesting peculiar
configurations, explicit numerical solutions are exhibited.Comment: 27 pages, 40 figure
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