RESEARCH CONCERNING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI FOR CONTROLLING THE MAIZE LEAF WEEVIL (TANYMECUS DILATICOLLIS GYLL) IN THE GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

Maize leaf weevil (Tanymecus dilaticollis Gyll) is the most dangerous pest of the maize crop in the south and southeast of Romania. Each year there were attacked one million hectares cultivated with maize were. In case of high pest pressure, weevils can destroy maize plants. After the ban on neonicotinoids, no active ingredients are available in Romania for maize seed treatments to control this pest. This study there were evaluated the effectiveness of three entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (strains BbTd, BbTy), B. pseudobassiana (BpPA), and Metarhizium anisopliae (MaF), for controlling the T. dilaticollis weevils, in the greenhouse conditions, using high pest pressure (4 weevils/plant). It has sowed maize in plastic pots. After the plant's emergence, it added insects collected from the field and it was pulverized solutions with entomopathogenic fungus at each variant. It has assessed phytotoxicity, attack incidence (%), attack intensity on a scale from 1 (plants not attacked) to 9 (plants destroyed), plant heights, and weevils mortality at eight days after infections with entomopathogenic fungi. The conditions of the high pest pressure from the greenhouse it has registered lower weevils mortality. Only in the case of M. anisopliae (MaF) and B. bassiana (BbTy) weevils was mortality higher than 10 %. At all experimental variants from the greenhouse, attack incidence was 100 %, while attack intensity ranged from 8.75 in the control variant to 7.10 in the case of M. anisopliae (MaF) fungus. In this study, there weren’t significant statistical differences between control and treated variants concerning both weevils attack intensity and mortality (p<0.05)

COMPARISON OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF BULK FILLED COMPOSITE AND NANO HYBRID COMPOSITE- AN IN-VITRO STUDY.

Background During the past 60 years, the use of composite resin for direct restorations in anterior and posterior teeth has increased significantly, largely due to the esthetic demands of patients and concerns regarding mercury in amalgam fillings. Because composite resins require little to no preparation, minimally invasive procedures can be used to preserve tooth structure and provide natural-looking results. Dental composites typically are composed of three chemical materials: an organic matrix, an inorganic matrix, and a coupling agent. Today’s composite resins produce highly esthetic, long-lasting restorations for many indications. Through an understanding of advanced layering techniques, microleakage, and fracture rate concerns can be decreased significantly. Hence it is imperative to evaluate the compressive strength of bulk-filled composite and nanohybrid composite.Aims & Objectives To assess, evaluate and compare the compressive strength of Bulk filled composite and Nano Hybrid composite. Materials and MethodsStudy method- In-vitro study Sample A-Ivoclar Vivadent Inc. Bulk filled composite & Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Filled Composite (Leichtenstein).Sample B-Ivoclar Vivadent Nano filled composite & Tetric N- Ceram Nano Hybrid Composite (Leichtenstein).The cylindrical specimens were transferred onto the Instron testing machine (Model H50KS; Instron,Redhill, Surrey,RH15DZ, UK) individually and subjected to compressive testing at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/minute.Results: A comparison of the compressive strength of the individual groups was done. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups pertaining to compressive strength. The mean score for Group B was more than Group A.ConclusionsWithin the limitation of the specific materials, testing methods, and in-vitro environment in the study, it is concluded that Nanohybrid composite material has better compressive strength as compared to bulk fill composite. RecommendationsFurther studies are needed to determine the optimal curing light intensity to obtain the best results in terms of mechanical properties for newer bulk-fill composite materials

In vitro study of fluor effect on enamel de/remineralisation using SEM and Energy-Dispersive-X-Ray-Analysis

Cercetarea în vitro a efectului fluorului asupra de/remineralizării smalţului dentar s-a axat pe schimbarea indicilor fizici, cum ar fi creşterea rezistenţei sau scăderea mineralelor în mediul acid. Obiectivul acestui studiu a fost de a evidenţia în vitro schimbarea de structură la suprafaţa smalţului, folosind microscopia electronică prin scanare(SEM) şi microanaliza elementală cu sistemul EDX(Energy-Dispersive-X-Ray-Analysis), simularea schimbării pH-ul în mediul oral în cazul aplicării agenţilor de remineralizare (Caseină Fosfopeptidă -Fluor Fosfat Amorf de Calciu cu şi fără asocierea fluorului). Evaluarea rezultatelor a fost realizată cu ajutorul testelor statistice. Agenţii de remineralizare bazaţi pe CPP-ACPF asociaţi cu fluor, dupa 14 zile, au demostrat cel mai bun efect de remineralizare asupra leziunilor carioase incipiente şi contracararea procesele de demineralizarea legate de variaţii ale pH-ului, simulate zilnic în mediul oral.The studies in vitro regarding fluor effect on enamel remineralisation were focused on objective changing of physical indices, like as resistance increase or minerals loss decrease in acid environment. The objective of this study was to highlight the changing in vitro of enamel surface structure, using SEM and energy-dispersive-X-ray-analysis, simulating the pH changing of oral environment related to the application of remineralisation agents (Caseine Phosphopeptide-Calcium Phosphat Fluor, with or without fluor association). The assessment of results was performed using statistical tests. The remineralisation agents based on CPP-ACPF associated with fluor present, after 14 days, highest remineralisation effects on incipient carious lesions and counteract the demineralisation procesess related to simulated daily pH variations of oral environment

ATIVIDADE MINERADORA E TRANSPORTE MARÍTIMO DE LONGO CURSO: CONTRIBUÇÕES PARA A ANÁLISE DA INTEGRAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DA AMAZÔNIA PARAENSE PELA PERSPECTIVA DA RENDA.

RESUMOEste artigo apresenta contribuições para a análise da lógica de reprodução da atividade mineral e de navegação marítima por meio da renda diferencial, identificando os elementos presentes na configuração desses dois setores conexos. A indústria mineral estabelecida na Amazônia paraense tem característica primário-exportadora, logo ainda depende de mercados internacionais para dar sentido ao valor de uso das riquezas presentes nesse território. Nesse sentido, busca-se identificar as ferramentas teóricas adequadas para a elaboração de uma metodologia para aferir a renda diferencial neste setor. Para tal, é preciso considerar o setor de transportes. Após considerar os elementos relevantes, tece-se conclusões para a elaboração da metodologia em questão.Palavras-chave: Renda diferencial; mineração; sistema de transportes

Advanced Materials for Oral Application

This book consists of one editorial, 12 original research articles and two review papers from scientists across the world, with expertise in materials for dental application. The main subjects covered are: biomaterials and techniques for oral tissue engineering and regeneration; biomaterials for surgical reconstruction; CAD/CAM technologies and dedicated materials; novel restorative and endodontic materials and instruments

Healthy diet indicator and metabolic syndrome in the Czech Republic, Russia and Poland: cross-sectional findings from the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study

In Eastern Europe, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is high, but the causes of this remain poorly understood. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for CVD and is thought to be partly determined by diet. However, few studies have examined the prevalence of MetS and the associations between dietary quality and MetS in Eastern European populations. This cross-sectional study used data from the baseline wave of HAPIEE study—21519 randomly selected adults aged 45-69 years. MetS was defined using the ATP III definition. Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) was derived using WHO 2003 recommendations: each component was scored from 0 (worst) to 10 (best adherence) and the total score ranged from 0 (worst) to 70 (best dietary quality). Anthropometric data and blood samples were collected during clinic visits. Prevalence of MetS was high in the Czech Republic (men: 37.1%, women: 35.7%), Russia (20.8%, 36.3%), and Poland (27.9%, 28.6%). In logistic regression, adherence to total HDI score was not associated with risk of MetS (P>0.05), but higher HDI was associated with lower risk of having raised blood pressure in the pooled sample (OR per 10 unit increase in HDI=0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.94). A better adherence to recommended protein intake was consistently associated with lower risk of having high blood glucose in three countries (Czech Republic: OR per 1 unit increase in protein score=0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.94; Russia: 0.93, 0.88-0.99; Poland: 0.82, 0.75-0.89), and also associated with lower risk of MetS (0.92, 0.86-0.98) and central obesity (0.90, 0.84-0.96) in Poland. Findings showed that MetS prevalence was high and diet quality was moderate to poor. Findings also provide some support for the beneficial role of diet quality (especially moderate protein intake) in lowering MetS prevalence. Future longitudinal studies should examine whether higher adherence to HDI reduces the risk of MetS and CVD

Economie agrara si dezvoltare rurala - realitati si perspective pentru Romania

The present volume is the collection of the conference papers presented on The 12th International Symposium Agricultural economics and rural development. Realities and perspectives for Romania, organized by The Research Institute for Agrarian Economy and Rural Development during 17 November 2021 of September, in Bucharest, Romania. The main aim of this symposium was both to present the newest research results and findings in field of agricultural and rural development research and, also to encourage the direct implementation of these results in practice by creating a strong cooperation between academicians and researchers with the field experts and investors