Classificação dos linfomas não-Hodgkin: estudo morfológico e imunoistoquímico de 145 casos

A classificação dos linfomas não-Hodgkin tem sido, ao longo dos últimos trinta anos, motivo de controvérsia. Várias classificações têm sido propostas em busca de um consenso entre patologistas e clínicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar criticamente três destas classificações através do estudo retrospectivo de 145 casos de linfomas primários de gânglio linfático selecionados do Serviço de Anatomia Patológica do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, entre 1979 e 1995. Os casos revistos foram classificados pelas propostas da Working Formulation, de Kiel e da Real. Testes imunoistoquímicos com os anticorpos anti-CD45, anti-CD20, anti-CD45RO e anti-CD30 foram realizados. Cento e sete casos (73,7%) apresentaram fenótipo B; 33 casos (22,7%), fenótipo T; e quatro casos foram nulos (linfoma anaplásico de grandes células). Foi possível prever o fenótipo pela morfologia em 89,4% dos casos. Os linfomas de alto grau predominaram (59,2%), sendo o linfoma centroblástico o de maior freqüência (31,7% ). Os linfomas foliculares representaram 29 casos (20%), com maior incidência dos de grandes células (31%) do que dos de pequenas células (27,5%). Quando comparadas as três classificações, observamos que determinados grupos da Working Formulation abrigam múltiplas entidades. Isto se deve ao fato de a classificação da Working Formulation ser baseada somente em achados morfológicos e, por isso, deve ter seu uso desaconselhado. Já a classificação de Kiel e a da Real devem ter o seu emprego estimulado, pois apresentam, além de uma boa análise histopatológica, um estudo imunológico que define entidades biológicas correlacionando-se, quando possível, com a célula de origem.The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas classifications have been a controversial reason for the last thirty years. Many classifications have been proposed trying to achieve a consensus among pathologists and clinicians. The objective of this study was to analyse critically three of these classifications by the retrospective study of 145 cases of lymph nodes primary lymphomas, selected from the department of Pathology of the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho between 1979 and 1995. The revised cases were classifiedby the proposal of Working Formulation, Kiel and Real. Immunohistochemical detections were employed with antibodies anti-CD45, anti-CD20, anti-CD45RO and anti-CD30. One hundred and seven cases (73.7%) showed B phenotype; thirty three cases (22.7%), T phenotype and 4 cases were null (anaplastic large cell lymphomas). It was possible to predict the phenotype by the morphology in 89,4% of the cases.The high grade lymphomas predominated (59.2%), and the centroblastic lymphoma was more frequent (31.7%). The follicular lymphomas account for 29 cases (20%), the large cell type (31%) have more incidence than the small cell type (20%). Comparing the three classifications, we observed that certain Working Formulation's groups agglomerate multiple entities. This occurs because it is based only on morphologic characteristics, hence should not be used. Kiel and Real classifications should have their employ stimulated because they present a good histopathologic analysis, a immunologic study that defines biologic entities correlating, whenever possible, with the postulated normal counterpart

Advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma: results in 216 patients treated with ABVD in Brazil

The outcome of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) has markedly improved over the last few decades, placing HL among the human cancers with highest cure rates. However, data about treatment outcomes in developing countries are scarce. From 1996 to 2005, 370 consecutive patients with HL treated in three public institutions in Rio de Janeiro were identified. A total of 216 patients who presented with advanced stage (IIB-IV) HL were selected for the present analysis. Patients with advanced disease were treated with ABVD, complemented or not by radiation therapy. The median follow-up time of survivors was 6.3 years (1-11.8). Fifteen patients died during first-line treatment. The complete remission rate was 80%. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and the 5-year overall survival (OS) probabilities were 69% and 83%, respectively. The 5-year PFS in low-risk and high-risk patients were 81% and 62% (p=0.003), respectively. The 5-year OS in low-risk and high-risk International Prognostic Score patients were 89% and 78% (p=0.02), respectively. The present study provides a representative estimate of current treatment results for advanced HL in public institutions in an urban area in Brazil. It is clear that full treatment can be given to most patients, although those with very low socio-economic status might require special attention and support. Since Brazil is a large country, with substantial interregional heterogeneity, a nationwide registry of HL patients is currently being implemented

Flow cytometry immunophenotyping for diagnostic orientation and classification of pediatric cancer based on the euroflow solid tumor orientation tube (Stot)

© 2021 by the authors.Early diagnosis of pediatric cancer is key for adequate patient management and improved outcome. Although multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) has proven of great utility in the diagnosis and classification of hematologic malignancies, its application to non-hematopoietic pediatric tumors remains limited. Here we designed and prospectively validated a new single eight-color antibody combination—solid tumor orientation tube, STOT—for diagnostic screening of pediatric cancer by MFC. A total of 476 samples (139 tumor mass, 138 bone marrow, 86 lymph node, 58 peripheral blood, and 55 other body fluid samples) from 296 patients with diagnostic suspicion of pediatric cancer were analyzed by MFC vs. conventional diagnostic procedures. STOT was designed after several design–test–evaluate–redesign cycles based on a large panel of monoclonal antibody combinations tested on 301 samples. In its final version, STOT consists of a single 8-color/12-marker antibody combination (CD99-CD8/numyogenin/CD4-EpCAM/CD56/GD2/smCD3-CD19/cyCD3-CD271/CD45). Prospective validation of STOT in 149 samples showed concordant results with the patient WHO/ICCC-3 diagnosis in 138/149 cases (92.6%). These included: 63/63 (100%) reactive/disease-free samples, 43/44 (98%) malignant and 4/4 (100%) benign non-hematopoietic tumors together with 28/38 (74%) leukemia/lymphoma cases; the only exception was Hodgkin lymphoma that required additional markers to be stained. In addition, STOT allowed accurate discrimination among the four most common subtypes of malignant CD45− CD56++ non-hematopoietic solid tumors: 13/13 (GD2++ numyogenin− CD271−/+ nuMyoD1− CD99− EpCAM−) neuroblastoma samples, 5/5 (GD2− numyogenin++ CD271++ nuMyoD1++ CD99−/+ EpCAM−) rhabdomyosarcomas, 2/2 (GD2−/+ numyogenin− CD271+ nuMyoD1− CD99+ EpCAM−) Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, and 7/7 (GD2− numyogenin− CD271+ nuMyoD1− CD99− EpCAM+) Wilms tumors. In summary, here we designed and validated a new standardized antibody combination and MFC assay for diagnostic screening of pediatric solid tumors that might contribute to fast and accurate diagnostic orientation and classification of pediatric cancer in routine clinical practice.This research was funded by the EuroFlow Consortium; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (FAPERJ), numbers: E26/110.105/2014, E-26/010.101259/2018, and E26/102.191/2013; grant from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasília, Brazil (CNPQ), Brasília, Brazil, numbers: 303765/2018-6, 409440/2016-7, and 400194/2014-7; and Instituto Desiderata/Chevron, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, grant “Actions to improve pediatric cancer assistance in RJ”; the EuroFlow Consortium (grant LSHB-CT-2006-018708); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBER-ONC; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid, Spain and FONDOS FEDER), numbers: CB16/12/00400, CB16/12/00233, CB16/12/00369, CB16/12/00489 and CB16/12/00480; grant from Bilateral Cooperation Program between Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES (Brasília/Brazil) and Dirección General de Políticas Universitárias (DGPU)-Ministério de Educación, Cultura y Deportes (Madrid/Spain) number DGPU 311/15

Pulmonary malakoplakia associated with immunodeficiency by HTLV-1 and HIV

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease often confused with neoplasia. In this paper we report two cases of pulmonary Malakoplakia, both with typical clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis and lung cancer. A patient with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) and diagnosis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and another patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which was treated for tuberculosis, but, after pulmonary lobectomy, was evidenced Rodococosis equi, progressed to death

Pulmonary malakoplakia associated with immunodeficiency by HTLV-1 and HIV

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease often confused with neoplasia. In this paper we report two cases of pulmonary Malakoplakia, both with typical clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis and lung cancer. A patient with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) and diagnosis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and another patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which was treated for tuberculosis, but, after pulmonary lobectomy, was evidenced Rodococosis equi, progressed to death

Uveíte anterior como manifestação da Doença de Kikuchi e Fujimoto Anterior Uveitis as an ocular manifestation of Kikuchi and Fujimoto's Disease

Apresentação de um caso de febre de origem obscura numa paciente feminina de 35 anos, com queda do estado geral, adenomegalia cervical posterior, monilíase oral, parotidite e irite.Após o parecer oftalmológico, o tratamento foi iniciado e posteriormente com o resultado do exame histopatológico de um linfonodo, diagnosticou-se a Doença de Kikuchi e Fujimoto. Sugerimos que a uveíte anterior seja reconhecida como mais um sinal de suspeita desta doença. São comentados os achados oculares, os aspectos histopatológicos e o tratamento da Doença de Kikuchi e Fujimoto.<br>Report of a case on Kikuchi and Fujimoto's Disease in a young lady who developed a long standing spiking fever, weight loss, cervical adenomegalia, oral moniliasis, parotiditis and iritis.The histopathological findings, course and treatment as well as the importance of a multidisciplinar approach are commented