717 research outputs found
In flight performance and first results of FREGATE
The gamma-ray detector of HETE-2, called FREGATE, has been designed to detect
gamma-ray bursts in the energy range [6-400] keV. Its main task is to alert the
other instruments of the occurrence of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) and to provide
the spectral coverage of the GRB prompt emission in hard X-rays and soft
gamma-rays. FREGATE was switched on on October 16, 2000, one week after the
successful launch of HETE-2, and has been continuously working since then. We
describe here the main characteristics of the instrument, its in-flight
performance and we briefly discuss the first GRB observations.Comment: Invited lecture at the Woods Hole 2001 GRB Conference, 8 pages, 15
figure
Phase I trial of intravesical Suramin in recurrent superficial transitional cell bladder carcinoma
Suramin is an antitrypanosomal agent with antineoplastic activity, but with serious systemic side effects. We administered Suramin intravesically to determine a concentration with low toxicity but with evidence of a pharmacodynamic effect, to recommend a dose level for phase II trials. This was an open-labelled, nonrandomised dose-escalation phase I study. In all, 12 patients with a history of recurrent superficial bladder cancer were grouped into four dose levels (10â150âmgâmlâ1 in 60âml saline). Six catheter instillations at weekly intervals were used. Cystoscopy and biopsy were performed before and 3 months after the start of treatment. Suramin was assayed using high-performance liquid chromatography, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and urinary protein profile using surface-enhanced laser desorption ionisation mass spectroscopy (SELDI). Minimal systemic absorption of Suramin was found at the highest dose of 150âmgâmlâ1. Urinary VEGF was affected by Suramin at doses above 50âmgâmlâ1, corresponding to the estimated threshold of saturation of Suramin binding to urine albumin. SELDI showed a specific disappearance of urinary protein peaks during treatment. Intravesical Suramin shows lack of toxicity and low systemic absorption. The results of this phase I trial support expanded clinical trials of efficacy at a dose of 100âmgâmlâ1 intravesically
Association between body mass index and response to duloxetine for aromatase inhibitorâassociated musculoskeletal symptoms in SWOG S1202
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149517/1/cncr32024.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149517/2/cncr32024_am.pd
Global Characteristics of X-Ray Flashes and X-Ray-Rich GRBs Observed by HETE-2
We describe and discuss the global properties of 45 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)
observed by HETE-2 during the first three years of its mission, focusing on the
properties of X-Ray Flashes (XRFs) and X-ray-rich GRBs (XRRs). We find that the
numbers of XRFs, XRRs, and GRBs are comparable. We find that the durations and
the sky distributions of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of GRBs. We also
find that the spectral properties of XRFs and XRRs are similar to those of
GRBs, except that the values of the peak energy of the
burst spectrum in , the peak energy flux \Fp, and the energy
fluence of XRFs are much smaller -- and those of XRRs are smaller -- than
those of GRBs. Finally, we find that the distributions of all three kinds of
bursts form a continuum in the [(2-30 keV),(30-400) keV]-plane, the
[(2-400 keV), ]-plane, and the [(50-300 keV),
]-plane. These results provide strong evidence that all three
kinds of bursts arise from the same phenomenon.Comment: 33 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Ap
HETE-2 Observation of two gamma-ray bursts at z > 3
GRB 020124 and GRB 030323 constitute half the sample of gamma-ray bursts with
a measured redshift greater than 3. This paper presents the temporal and
spectral properties of these two gamma-ray bursts detected and localized with
HETE-2. While they have nearly identical redshifts (z=3.20 for GRB 020124, and
z=3.37 for GRB 030323), these two GRBs span about an order of magnitude in
fluence, thus sampling distinct regions of the GRB luminosity function. The
properties of these two bursts are compared with those of the bulk of the GRB
population detected by HETE-2. We also discuss the energetics of GRB 020124 and
GRB 030323 and show that they are compatible with the Epeak - Eiso relation
discovered by Amati et al. (2002). Finally, we compute the maximum redshifts at
which these bursts could have been detected by HETE-2 and we address various
issues connected with the detection and localization of high-z GRBs.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Ap
- âŠ