Evaluation of biaxial flow stress based on elasto-viscoplastic self-consistent analysis of X-ray diffraction measurements

Biaxial flow behavior of an interstitial free steel sample was investigated with two experimental methods: (1) Marciniak punch test with in situ X-ray diffraction for stress analysis; (2) hydraulic bulge test. The stress analysis based on X-ray diffraction using (211) lattice planes was accompanied by the use of stress factors and intergranular (IG) strains. Stress factors and IG strains were experimentally obtained ex situ on samples after prescribed equi-biaxial deformations. An elasto-viscoplastic self-consistent (EVPSC) crystal plasticity model was used to predict the stress factors and the IG strains. The model predictions of the stress factors were in good agreement with the experiments. However, the predictions of IG strains were in poor agreement with their experimental counterparts. As a result, the flow stress solely based on the computationally predicted stress factors and IG strains was unrealistic. The input of the experimental stress factors and IG strains for stress analysis improved the agreement with a reference flow curve obtained by a hydraulic bulge tester. The resulting flow curves based on X-ray diffraction were in good agreement with that of the bulge test up to an effective strain of 0.3. However, an unrealistic softening was observed in larger deformations regardless of whether the stress factor used were experimentally measured or determined from EVPSC calculations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.X11169Nsciescopu

Roles of texture and latent hardening on plastic anisotropy of face-centered-cubic materials during multi-axial loading

This study investigates the joint impact of preferred texture and latent hardening on the plastic anisotropy of face centered cubic (FCC) materials. The main result is that both aspects have significant impact on the anisotropy, but the two can either counteract each other or synergistically reinforce each other to maximize anisotropy. Preferred texture results in significant anisotropy in plastic yielding. However, the latent hardening significantly alters the texture-induced anisotropy. In addition, one latent hardening type can cancel out the anisotropy of another type. Consequently, if all dislocation-based latent hardening types are included at the same level as the self-hardening, the result might not reveal the complexity of plastic anisotropy. The present study of the synergistic influence of detailed latent hardening and texture presented helps provide new insights into the complex anisotropic behavior of FCC materials during multi-axial forming