The Politics of Greek Tragedy in 'Samson Agonistes'

This essay charts Milton’s engagement in Samson Agonistes with Greek political thought as critiqued in Athenian tragic drama, particularly that of Euripides. In early modern Europe, Euripides’ plays were not only understood to denounce tyranny but also to remain rigorously sceptical about the workings of Athenian democracy (in itself a highly limited kind of representational politics). Milton knew well the commentary tradition that framed Euripidean tragedy in such terms, and found a corollary to his own political views within it, most notably in the writings of Gasparus Stiblinus whose prefaces are included in the 1602 Stephanus edition of the playwright’s works, which he used heavily. Stiblinus shows how Euripides relentlessly scrutinizes corruption, which his tragedies reveal to be not only characteristic of tyrants but also to pervade democratic systems. Milton’s allusions to Euripidean tragic form in Samson Agonistes evoke these commentaries to denounce political corruption

Resource consumption and process performance in minimum quantity lubricated milling of tool steel

The use of cutting fluids has driven performance improvements in metal machining. However these fluids have drawbacks including resources consumed and possible negative environmental consequences. Thus the study of coolant delivery rates is important. This work investigated the use of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) in solid carbide milling of tool steel. A tool life improvement of 60 percent was demonstrated in comparison to dry cutting. Based on measurements and calculations made, MQL consumed cutting fluid at a rate less than 5 percent of that of a typical flooding coolant system, and was a low-consumption option in terms of electrical power

TAN HOT SHOP AND SUPPORT FACILITY UTILIZATION STUDY

Impacts to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex caused by early closure (prior to 2018) and Demolition and Dismantlement (D&D) of the Test Area North (TAN) hot shop and its support facilities are explored in this report. Various possible conditions, such as Standby, Safe Store and Lay-up, that the facility may be placed in prior to eventually being turned over to D&D are addressed. The requirements, impacts, and implications to the facility and to the DOE Complex are discussed for each condition presented in the report. Some details of the report reference the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Spent Nuclear Fuel Life Cycle Baseline Plan, the INEEL 2000 Infrastructure Long Range Plan, and other internal INEEL reports

Simulation and analysis of low-frequency vibrations in rotational vibration-assisted incremental sheet forming

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) has demonstrated its potential of flexible manufacturing for low-volume or prototyping applications. Rotational vibration-assisted incremental sheet forming (RV-ISF) is a new process variant that advances the capability of the ISF technology for processing hard-to-form materials. New tools have been developed for RV-ISF, including a double offset tool and quad-grooved tool, to induce low-frequency vibrations into the deformed sheet in the range of 50-300 Hz, created by tool rotations. These imparted low-frequency vibrations result in vibration softening phenomena of the material which has been shown to lead to improvements in formability. However, the nature of the vibration generated during this new process and its impact on forming force reduction and softening effect have yet to be thoroughly examined. In this paper, a finite element model is developed to simulate the vibration of the sheet material induced by the RV-ISF tool, with the aim to predict the vibration frequency and amplitude during the process. The results show that the tool induced sheet vibration is localised at the tool-sheet contact which is validated by experimental measurement results. The frequency of the sheet vibration is dependent on the rotational speed and the number of grooves or offsets of the tool, while the vibration amplitude is associated with formed geometry and the tool design

Dibromidobis(triphenyl­arsine)palladium(II)

In the title compound, [PdBr2(C18H15As)2], the PdII ion resides on a centre of symmetry and is coordinated by two As atoms [Pd—As = 2.4184 (3) Å] and two Br anions [Pd—Br = 2.4196 (3) Å] in a slightly distorted square-planar geometry [As—Pd—Br = 90.12 (1)°]. The crystal packing exhibits weak inter­molecular C—H⋯Br inter­actions

Rapid non-destructive sizing of microstructural surface integrity features using x-ray diffraction

In this study, rapid non-destructive sizing of machining-induced subsurface white layers and plastic deformation is achieved through x-ray diffraction peak breadth measurements. Sizing to within 0.5–2 μm is shown to be possible for features thinner than the x-ray penetration depth with inspection times under 1 min achievable. Whilst the technique can detect features larger than the penetration depth, accurate sizing is not possible. Appropriate selection of different x-ray radiation and diffraction peaks can be used to increase or decrease the penetration depth to improve sizing accuracy at larger and thinner feature thicknesses, respectively. However, there is a depth limit for each material imposed by the smallest wavelength of radiation that can be used and the highest angle diffraction peak that can be resolved. The dependence of peak breadth on deformation or white layer thickness can be modelled by assuming a linear or exponential decay in strain across the feature thickness

trans-Dibromidobis(triphenyl­phosphine-κP)palladium(II) chloro­form monosolvate

The PdII atom in the title compound, [PdBr2{P(C6H5)3}2]·CHCl3, lies on a twofold rotation axis and is coordinated in a distorted square-planar geometry by two P atoms from two triphenyl­phosphine ligands and by two Br atoms in a trans arrangement. The chloro­form solvent mol­ecule is equally disordered about another twofold rotation axis