Constitutional Law—Freedom of Religion—Chest X-Ray as a Condition of Admission to State University

The Board of Regents of the University of Washington required that each student submit to a chest X-Ray examination for the purpose of disclosing tubercular infection. P, a Christian Scientist, sought to register for her senior year, and when she refused to submit to the examination she was denied admission. She then petitioned to the Regents for an exemption on the ground that to submit would violate her religious convictions. The petition was denied, and P now seeks a writ of mandamus to compel the Regents to admit her without requiring the X-Ray examination, contending, inter alia, that the requirement was an unjustified abridgement of her religious liberty as guaranteed by the federal and state constitutions. The trial court denied the writ. Held: Affirmed. To admit P (and others claiming a similar exemption) to the University without taking the required X-Ray examination presents a clear and present danger of an evil which the state may lawfully prevent, and justifies the restrictions on her religious freedom. State ex rel. Holcomb v. Armstrong, 139 Wash. Dec. 795, 239 P. 2d 545 (1952)

Negligence—Last Clear Chance—Emergency Rule

P was helping to push F\u27s car out of a ditch and while standing beside the car he failed to see the approach of D\u27s auto over the crest of a hill 250 feet behind him. D saw F\u27s automobile partially blocking the road and tried to stop or avoid it, but his car went out of control, slid broadside down the slippery road and struck P, pinning him between the two cars as they collided. The trial court gave the jury an instruction on last clear chance, apparently for the reason that although D was unable to stop his car, as a reasonable man he might have been able to blow his horn, which would have warned P. Judgment for P. On appeal, Held: Reversed; new trial granted. Last clear chance is inapplicable, because although P\u27s clear chance to get out of the way might have been imputable to D for his failure to blow his horn, under the emergency rule D was not negligent as a matter of law. Bergstrom v. Ove, 139 Wash. Dec. 73, 234 P. 2d 548 (1951)

Performance Testing Beef Cattle

Guide to performance testing beef cattle discusses keeping records, birth weights, weaning weight records, adjusting individual weights, sex adjustments, yearling or 365-day weights, and weight ratios or index values

Workmen\u27s Compensation—Employees in Dual Activity

The recent case of Muck v. Snokomish County PUD presented an issue involving the compulsory coverage of the Industrial Insurance Act, more commonly known as Workmen\u27s Compensation, which has been a confusing question in several other cases, and does not yet seem to be finally resolved. There an employee was a sales manager for an electrical appliance store, and his occupation as such did not bring him under the compulsory provisions of the Act. No industrial insurance premiums were paid for his time. On the day of his death, he accompanied the serviceman to a customer\u27s house where they were to install a television set and erect a temporary outside antenna. This work is included by the statute as extrahazardous work, and comes under the compulsory provisions of the Act. While Muck was holding the antenna for the serviceman it came in contact with high tension wires maintained by the defendant, and Muck was electrocuted. His widow sued the defendant for negligently causing her husband\u27s death, and as a defense to this action the defendant contended that Muck was engaged in covered employment at the time of his death and therefore his widow was foreclosed from suing at common law under the immunity provisions of the Workmen\u27s Compensation Act. Muck was found not to be covered by the Act; therefore, the action in tort could be maintained

Convergence of a semi-discretization scheme for the Hamilton--Jacobi equation: a new approach with the adjoint method

We consider a numerical scheme for the one dimensional time dependent Hamilton--Jacobi equation in the periodic setting. This scheme consists in a semi-discretization using monotone approximations of the Hamiltonian in the spacial variable. From classical viscosity solution theory, these schemes are known to converge. In this paper we present a new approach to the study of the rate of convergence of the approximations based on the nonlinear adjoint method recently introduced by L. C. Evans. We estimate the rate of convergence for convex Hamiltonians and recover the O(sqrt{h}) convergence rate in terms of the L^infty norm and O(h) in terms of the L^1 norm, where h is the size of the spacial grid. We discuss also possible generalizations to higher dimensional problems and present several other additional estimates. The special case of quadratic Hamiltonians is considered in detail in the end of the paper

A differential method for bounding the ground state energy

For a wide class of Hamiltonians, a novel method to obtain lower and upper bounds for the lowest energy is presented. Unlike perturbative or variational techniques, this method does not involve the computation of any integral (a normalisation factor or a matrix element). It just requires the determination of the absolute minimum and maximum in the whole configuration space of the local energy associated with a normalisable trial function (the calculation of the norm is not needed). After a general introduction, the method is applied to three non-integrable systems: the asymmetric annular billiard, the many-body spinless Coulombian problem, the hydrogen atom in a constant and uniform magnetic field. Being more sensitive than the variational methods to any local perturbation of the trial function, this method can used to systematically improve the energy bounds with a local skilled analysis; an algorithm relying on this method can therefore be constructed and an explicit example for a one-dimensional problem is given.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics

HUBBLE PARAMETER MEASUREMENT CONSTRAINTS ON THE REDSHIFT OF THE DECELERATION-ACCELERATION TRANSITION, DYNAMICAL DARK ENERGY, AND SPACE CURVATURE

Citation: Farooq, O., Madiyar, F. R., Crandall, S., & Ratra, B. (2017). HUBBLE PARAMETER MEASUREMENT CONSTRAINTS ON THE REDSHIFT OF THE DECELERATION-ACCELERATION TRANSITION, DYNAMICAL DARK ENERGY, AND SPACE CURVATURE. Astrophysical Journal, 835(1), 11. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/26We compile an updated list of 38 measurements of the Hubble parameter H(z) between redshifts 0.07 <= z <= 2.36 and use them to place constraints on model parameters of constant and time-varying dark energy cosmological models, both spatially flat and curved. We use five models to measure the redshift of the cosmological deceleration-acceleration transition, z(da), from these H(z) data. Within the error bars, the measured zda are insensitive to the model used, depending only on the value assumed for the Hubble constant H-0. The weighted mean of our measurements is z(da) = 0.72 +/- 0.05 (0.84 +/- 0.03) for H-0 = 68 +/- 2.8 (73.24 +/- 1.74) km s(-1) Mpc(-1) and should provide a reasonably model-independent estimate of this cosmological parameter. The H(z) data are consistent with the standard spatially flat.CDM cosmological model but do not rule out nonflat models or dynamical dark energy models

Weaning Weight Summary for South Dakota Livestock Production Records Association Member Herds Using Crossbreeding

The primary objective of this study was to provide members of the Production Records Association an analysis of the weaning weights of various crossbreds produced in member herds. The results should form an important part of the total information needed by members and other cattlemen to formulate individual breeding programs

Annual Crossbreeding Report for South Dakota Livestock Production Records Association

Each year since 1970 weaning weight records from member herds of the Production Records Association have been used to prepare a crossbreeding summary for use by members and other cattlemen in the formulation of individual breeding programs. This report presents the five year summary which includes the 1974 calf crop

Beef Production of Simmental-Angus and Hereford-Angus Crossbred Cows

In recent years there has been increased utilization of exotic cattle to increase production in beef herds. Crossbreeding European breeds with domestic British breeds has resulted in larger calves at weaning and slaughter due to increased milking ability of the dams and gaining ability of the crossbred calves. Crossbreeding beef cows with European breeds has resulted in larger cows having higher nutrient requirements than the domestic breeds or crosses. Hereford-Angus crossbred cows have been used extensively in South Dakota and have performed well under local conditions. This study was designed to compare reproductive performance and calf production of Sinnnental-Angus (S x A) and Hereford-Angus (H x A) crossbred cows under range conditions. Feedlot performance, carcass beef production and economics of calf production have also been evaluated