Early French Migrations to Northern Maine, 1785-1850

The article explores the origins of the Madawaska settlement in Northern Maine and provides an opportunity to study the process of migration and resettlement

Comparison of reduced models for blood flow using Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin methods

One-dimensional blood flow models take the general form of nonlinear hyperbolic systems but differ greatly in their formulation. One class of models considers the physically conserved quantities of mass and momentum, while another class describes mass and velocity. Further, the averaging process employed in the model derivation requires the specification of the axial velocity profile; this choice differentiates models within each class. Discrepancies among differing models have yet to be investigated. In this paper, we systematically compare several reduced models of blood flow for physiologically relevant vessel parameters, network topology, and boundary data. The models are discretized by a class of Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin methods

Patterns of Infant Mortality in the Upper St. John Valley French Population: 1791-1838

The purpose of this paper is to provide a descriptive analysis of infant mortality patterns in a pre-industrial North American population, the Madawaska French of the upper St. John Valley. A synchronic approach was taken in examining a series of 320 infant deaths identified through family reconstitution. The infant mortality rate for the series is 132 per 1000, low compared to other pre-industrial populations. The large average completed family size of 11.34 is associated with short birth intervals averaging 21.9 months. Women who experience infant mortality were found to have significantly larger completed families that those who did not. Infant mortality risk was positively associated with larger ultimate family size, but was unrelated to birth order. Patterns of high fertility and low infant mortality are attributed to the process of colonization and population expansion in a relatively isolated area

Patterns of Infant Mortality in the Upper St. John Valley French Population: 1791-1838

The purpose of this paper is to provide a descriptive analysis of infant mortality patterns in a pre-industrial North American population, the Madawaska French of the upper St. John Valley. A synchronic approach was taken in examining a series of 320 infant deaths identified through family reconstitution. The infant mortality rate for the series is 132 per 1000, low compared to other pre-industrial populations. The large average completed family size of 11.34 is associated with short birth intervals ranging 21.9 months. Women who experience infant mortality were found to have significantly larger completed families than those who did not. Infant mortality risk was positively associated with larger ultimate family size, but was unrelated to birth order. Patterns of high fertility and low infant mortality are attributed to the process of colonization and population expansion in a relatively isolated are

Book Reviews

Reviews of the following books: Quiet Presence: Dramatic, First-Person Accounts - The True Stories of Franco-Americans in New England by Dyke Hendrickson; The Treasure of the Concepcion: The Wreck of the Almiranta by Peter Earle; In Search of Shipwrecks by Jim Jenney; Indian New England Before the Mayflower by Howard S. Russel

Panel #4: The Madawaska Territory and the Aftermath of Statehood

Presentations in this session include: Free Trade Before Free Trade: John Emmerson, Petit Sault Merchant, His Suppliers and Customers in the Mid-Nineteenth Century, Béatrice Craig Madawaska and the Convergence of Empire, Nation, and State, Elizabeth Mancke The Effect of 9/11 on a Borderlands Community: Fort Kent, Maine and Clair, New Brunswick, Lisa Lavoi

Book Reviews

Reviews of the following books: A Kennebunkport Album by Joyce Butler; A Reassessment of New England Agriculture in the Last Thirty Years of the Nineteenth Century by Paul Glen Manyon; The War of 1812: Land Operations, by George F. G. Stanley; and L\u27Enclume and Le Couteau: the Life and Work of Adelard Cote, Folk Artist, by Norman Beaupre

Numerical method of characteristics for one-dimensional blood flow

Mathematical modeling at the level of the full cardiovascular system requires the numerical approximation of solutions to a one-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic system describing flow in a single vessel. This model is often simulated by computationally intensive methods like finite elements and discontinuous Galerkin, while some recent applications require more efficient approaches (e.g. for real-time clinical decision support, phenomena occurring over multiple cardiac cycles, iterative solutions to optimization/inverse problems, and uncertainty quantification). Further, the high speed of pressure waves in blood vessels greatly restricts the time step needed for stability in explicit schemes. We address both cost and stability by presenting an efficient and unconditionally stable method for approximating solutions to diagonal nonlinear hyperbolic systems. Theoretical analysis of the algorithm is given along with a comparison of our method to a discontinuous Galerkin implementation. Lastly, we demonstrate the utility of the proposed method by implementing it on small and large arterial networks of vessels whose elastic and geometrical parameters are physiologically relevant

Paisaje acústico de arrecifes de coral costeros protegidos y desprotegidos del Atlántico tropical

Behavioural patterns and distributions of crustaceans, fish and mammals can be inferred from acoustic recordings of the extremely noisy marine acoustic environment. In this study, we determined the soundscape of protected and non-protected marine areas between January and April 2016. Sonobuoy (a device for sound monitoring) recordings began at sunset and lasted approximately 12 hours per day. The results show a complex soundscape dominated by biological sounds produced by crustaceans and fish. Six fish chorus-dominant frequencies between 200 and 1000 Hz occurred at a similar time each day, except for chorus I. The choruses consisted of high-energy callings after the last reef line within the protected area. However, fish choruses showed low energy levels in unprotected areas. The results show the importance of protected areas for fish populations and the usefulness of passive acoustics to monitor biodiversity of sounds of commercial fish in Brazilian tropical costal reefs.Los patrones de comportamiento y la distribución de crustáceos, peces y mamíferos pueden inferirse a partir de grabaciones acústicas del ambiente acústico marino extremadamente ruidoso. En este estudio, determinamos el paisaje sonoro de áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) y no protegidas entre enero y abril de 2016. Las grabaciones de “sonoboyas” (un dispositivo para monitoreo de sonido) comenzaron al atardecer y duraron aproximadamente 12 horas por día. Los resultados muestran un paisaje acústico complejo dominado por sonidos biológicos producidos por crustáceos y peces. Se encontraron seis frecuencias dominantes de coros de peces entre 200 y 1000 Hz, encontrados a la misma hora todos los días, excepto el coro I. Los coros consistían en llamadas de alta energía después de la última línea de arrecife dentro del área protegida. Sin embargo, los coros de pescado presentaron niveles de energía bajos en áreas desprotegidas. Los resultados muestran la importancia de las áreas protegidas para las poblaciones de peces y la utilidad de la acústica pasiva para monitorear la biodiversidad de los sonidos de los peces comerciales en los arrecifes costeros tropicales brasileños