Trash-2-Cash Project: Third Milestone Report D9.4

Trash-2-Cash is an EU funded project under the Horizon 2020 research programme. The project started in June 2015 and will be running until the end of November 2018. It applies Design-Driven Material Innovation (DDMI) as a tool for development routes within design, materials research and manufacturing of new materials, services and products. The overall objective of the Trash-2-Cash project is to develop new materials and products via creative design from waste materials and industrial side-products or by-products from the textile and paper industries and to promote development within the creative sector by providing technology solutions for exploitation of waste streams and design for recycling. 18 partners from 10 countries formed a cross-disciplinary team of designers, material researchers, and manufacturers in combination with specialists on behavioural research and cost and environmental assessments. Having all these specialists on board means that waste materials can be used to create new fibres that can be spun and woven, knitted or formed, into high performance textiles and composites, which can then be made into innovative new products. The full chain is represented within the project. The design team drives the material innovation in close collaboration with the material R&D and manufacturer teams. The project flow has three iterative phases called “Cycles” that repeat specific steps. The end/beginning of each Cycle corresponds with a milestone, the delivery of prototypes. The prototypes were finalized during the third and final Cycle of the project, the refinement Cycle into full product prototypes or Master Cases. These Master Cases are now ready and have been displayed for a broader audience during the Dutch Design Week in October 2018

Trash-2-Cash Project: First Milestone Report D9.2

Trash-2-Cash is an EU funded project under the Horizon 2020 research programme that started in June 2015 and will be running until November 2018. The project is applying Design-Driven Material Innovation (DDMI) as tool for the development routes within design, material research and manufacturing of new materials, services and products. The overall objective of the Trash-2- Cash project is to develop new materials and products via creative design from waste materials and industrial side or by-products from the textile and paper industries and to promote development within the creative sector by providing technology solutions for exploitation of waste streams and design for recycling. 18 partners, from 10 countries have formed a cross- disciplinary team of designers, material researchers, and manufacturers and in combination with the specialist on behavioural research and cost and environmental assessments they constitute the full consortium. Having all of these specialists on board means that waste materials can be used to create new fibres that can be spun and woven, knitted or formed, into high performance textiles and composites, which can then be made into innovative new products. The full chain is represented within the project. The design team drives the material innovation in close collaboration with the material R&D team and manufacturer team. The project flow has three iterative phases called “Cycles” that repeat specific steps. The end/begging of each Cycle corresponds with a milestone, the delivery of prototypes. The first Milestone has now been reached for the Trash-2-Cash project by finalizing the first Cycle, Cycle A, meaning that we have produced the first prototypes. These are regenerated cellulose fibres and regenerated polyester fibres that have been made from waste materials. The prototypes produced during Cycle A will be evaluated by Life Cycle Analysis and Life Cycle Cost to facilitate communication of the potential of the product. A study on the perception by the potential consumer by the prototypes has been initiated through consumer behavioural research. The prototypes will be improved during the next Cycle, Cycle B, in order to refine the material development process. The DDMI approach gives the design team the assignment to influence the further development of these materials into high quality products

Trash-2-Cash Project: Second Milestone Report D9.3

Trash-2-Cash is an EU funded project under the Horizon 2020 research programme. The project started in June 2015 and will be running until November 2018. It is applying Design-Driven Material Innovation (DDMI) as tool for the development routes within design, material research and manufacturing of new materials, services and products. The overall objective of the Trash-2-Cash project is to develop new materials and products via creative design from waste materials and industrial side or by-products from the textile and paper industries and to promote development within the creative sector by providing technology solutions for exploitation of waste streams and design for recycling. 18 partners from 10 countries have formed a cross-disciplinary team of designers, material researchers, and manufacturers and in combination with the specialist on behavioural research and cost and environmental assessments they constitute the full consortium. Having all of these specialists on board means that waste materials can be used to create new fibres that can be spun and woven, knitted or formed, into high performance textiles and composites, which can then be made into innovative new products. The full chain is represented within the project. The design team drives the material innovation in close collaboration with the material R&D and manufacturer teams. The project flow has three iterative phases called “Cycles” that repeat specific steps. The end/beginning of each Cycle corresponds with a milestone, the delivery of prototypes. The Second Milestone has now been reached for the Trash-2-Cash project by finalizing the second Cycle, Cycle B, meaning that we have produced the second set of prototypes. These are smaller pieces of material of regenerated cellulose fibres and regenerated polyester fibres that have been made from waste materials. The prototypes produced during Cycle B will be evaluated by Life Cycle Assessments to facilitate communication of the potential of the future product. The perception by the potential consumer by recycled products has been evaluated through consumer behavioural research. The prototypes will be further developed during the final Cycle of the project, the refinement Cycle (Cycle C), in order to refine the material samples into product prototypes. The DDMI approach gives the design team the assignment to influence the further development of these materials into high quality products

Report including market analysis, stakeholder analysis, survey results, supplier selection criteria list

Due to the increasing trend of reshoring to relatively high cost production locations like countries in the EU, there is an emphasis on the need to focus on high value-added small series production. This is especially true in high labour intensive industries like apparel and textiles. In this context, supply network configuration, related interdependencies and trade-offs are required to be addressed to support this transition. However, there are limitations as to the current capabilities to meet these needs. In order to better understand the diverse context of small series apparel and textile production, a comprehensive and structured analysis is required. Within this scope and as part of the FBD_BModel project, this report offers: (i) an overview of the current state of the market, regarding the current capabilities, capacities and focuses on notable or best practice industry examples especially in the EU, (ii) a systematic understanding of five representative case companies, (iii) a supplier selection criteria list, and (iv) a ranked list of the criteria based on a supply chain competitiveness survey. The focus of the configuration-based analysis in this report is along four elements, value structure of products/services, operational structure, network structures, and relationship structures of the supply network.Fashion Big Data Business Model, Project Nr: 76112

Innovative Eco-Friendly Conductive Ink Based on Carbonized Lignin for the Production of Flexible and Stretchable Bio-Sensors

In this study, we report a novel way to produce carbon-based conductive inks for electronic and sensor technology applications. Carbonized lignin, obtained from the waste products of the Eucalyptus globulus tree paper industry, was used to produce a stable conductive ink. To this end, liquid-phase compositions were tested with different amounts of carbonized lignin powder to obtain an ink with optimal conductivity and rheological properties for different possible uses. The combination that showed the best properties, both regarding electrochemical properties and green compatibility of the materials employed, was cyclohexanone/cellulose acetate/carbonized lignin 5% (w/w), which was used to produce screen-printed electrodes. The electrodes were characterized from a structural and electrochemical point of view, resulting in an electrochemically active area of 0.1813 cm2, compared to the electrochemically active area of 0.1420 cm2 obtained by employing geometrically similar petroleum-based screen-printed electrodes and, finally, their performance was demonstrated for the quantification of uric acid, with a limit of detection of 0.3 μM, and their biocompatibility was assessed by testing it with the laccase enzyme and achieving a limit of detection of 2.01 μM for catechol as the substrate. The results suggest that the developed ink could be of great use in both sensor and electronic industries, reducing the overall ecological impact of traditionally used petroleum-based inks

Water-Phase Exfoliated Biochar Nanofibers from Eucalyptus Scraps for Electrode Modification and Conductive Film Fabrication

A solvent-free strategy to produce water-dispersed biochar-nanofibers (BH-CNF) is reported, demonstrating the potential of this cost-effective and sustainable material in electrochemical sensing and fabrication of conductive films. Water-phase BH-CNF from eucalyptus scraps were achieved using a Kraft process followed by liquid-phase exfoliation assisted by the biological stabilizing agent sodium cholate. BH-CNF-based sensors were constructed following two strategies: surface modification of screen-printed electrodes and fabrication of exclusively nanofiber-based flexible sensors. The latter were fabricated through a procedure that is cost-effective and within everyone’s reach. The potentiality of the BH-CNF-based sensors has been challenged toward a wide range of analytes containing phenol moieties and applied for detection of o-diphenols and m-phenols in olive oil samples. The BH-CNF-based sensors exhibited repeatable (RSD ≤ 7%, n= 5) and reproducible (RSD ≤ 10%; n = 3) results, proving their applicability in electroanalytical applications and the robustness of the exfoliation and fabrication strategy. For sample analysis, LODs for hydroxytyrosol (LOD ≤ 0.6 μM) and tyrosol (LOD ≤ 3.8μM), intersensor precision (RSD calibration slope < 7%, n = 3), and recoveries obtained in real sample analysis (91−111%, RSD ≤ 6%; n = 3) endorse the material exploitability in real analytical applications

Nanofibrillar biochar from industrial waste as hosting network for transition metal dichalcogenides. Novel sustainable 1D/2D nanocomposites for electrochemical sensing

Industrial wastes have become elective sustainable sources to obtain materials for electronic/electroanalytical purposes; on the other hand, easy and green strategies to include semiconductor 2D graphene-like materials in conductive networks are highly required. In this work, 1D/2D nanocomposites (NCs) based on nanofibrillar biochar (BH) from paper industry waste and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs: MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2), were prepared in water via liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) using sodium cholate as bioderived surfactant. The TMD amount in the NCs has been carefully optimized, searching for the best compromise between electron transfer ability and electroanalytical performances. Four different water-dispersed BH-TMD NCs have been selected and comprehensively studied from the electrochemical point of view and morphologically characterized. The BH-TMDs potentiality have been demonstrated in model solutions and real samples towards different analytes of biological and agri-food interest. The most performing NCs have been selected and used for the simultaneous determination of the neurotransmitters dopamine (DP) and serotonin (SR), and the flavonoids quercetin (QR) and rutin (RT), obtaining good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9956) with limits of detection ranging from 10 to 200 nM. Reproducible quantitative recovery values (90–112%, RSD ≤6%, n = 3) were obtained analyzing simultaneously DP and SR in synthetic biological fluid and drugs, and QR and RT in food supplements, proving the usability of the proposed materials for real analyses. This work proves that BH-nanofibers act as a sustainable conductive hosting network for 2D-TMDs, allowing full exploit their electroanalytical potential. The proposed BH-TMD NCs represent a sustainable, affordable, and captivating opportunity for the electrochemical and (bio)sensoristic field