33,695 research outputs found
Short form of the changes in outlook questionnaire: translation and validation of the Chinese version
Background: The Changes in Outlook Questionnaire (CiOQ) is a self-report instrument designed to measure both positive and negative changes following the experience of severely stressful events. Previous research has focused on the Western context. The aim of this study is to translate the short form of the measure (CiOQ-S) into simplified Chinese and examine its validity and reliability in a sample of Chinese earthquake survivors.
Method: The English language version of the 10-item CiOQ was translated into simplified Chinese and completed along with other measures in a sample of earthquake survivors (nâ=â120). Statistical analyses were performed to explore the structure of the simplified Chinese version of CiOQ-S (CiOQ-SCS), its reliability and validity.
Results: Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to test the structure of the CiOQ-SCS. The reliability and convergent validity were also assessed. The CiOQ-SCS demonstrated a similar factor structure to the English version, high internal consistency and convergent validity with measures of posttraumatic stress symptoms, anxiety and depression, coping and social support.
Conclusion: The data are comparable to those reported for the original version of the instrument indicating that the CiOQ-SCS is a reliable and valid measure assessing positive and negative changes in the aftermath of adversity. However, the sampling method cannot permit us to know how representative our samples were of the earthquake survivor population
Triple mode Cepheid masses
Unconventional composition structures are proposed to explain the periods of the triple mode Cepheid aC And. A strong Cepheid wind appears to enrich helium in the convection zones down to about 60,000 K or 70,000 K. Then some downward partial mixing occurs to the bottom of a layer with about 1-q = .0005 of the stellar mass. It was found that AC And was not unlike anomalous Cepheids. However, masses of betwen one and two solar masses are suggested and the population is more likely a type two
Large Interstellar Polarisation Survey II. UV/optical study of cloud-to-cloud variations of dust in the diffuse ISM
It is well known that the dust properties of the diffuse interstellar medium
exhibit variations towards different sight-lines on a large scale. We have
investigated the variability of the dust characteristics on a small scale, and
from cloud-to-cloud. We use low-resolution spectro-polarimetric data obtained
in the context of the Large Interstellar Polarisation Survey (LIPS) towards 59
sight-lines in the Southern Hemisphere, and we fit these data using a dust
model composed of silicate and carbon particles with sizes from the molecular
to the sub-micrometre domain. Large (> 6 nm) silicates of prolate shape account
for the observed polarisation. For 32 sight-lines we complement our data set
with UVES archive high-resolution spectra, which enable us to establish the
presence of single-cloud or multiple-clouds towards individual sight-lines. We
find that the majority of these 35 sight-lines intersect two or more clouds,
while eight of them are dominated by a single absorbing cloud. We confirm
several correlations between extinction and parameters of the Serkowski law
with dust parameters, but we also find previously undetected correlations
between these parameters that are valid only in single-cloud sight-lines. We
find that interstellar polarisation from multiple-clouds is smaller than from
single-cloud sight-lines, showing that the presence of a second or more clouds
depolarises the incoming radiation. We find large variations of the dust
characteristics from cloud-to-cloud. However, when we average a sufficiently
large number of clouds in single-cloud or multiple-cloud sight-lines, we always
retrieve similar mean dust parameters. The typical dust abundances of the
single-cloud cases are [C]/[H] = 92 ppm and [Si]/[H] = 20 ppm.Comment: A&A accepte
Extremely low longâterm erosion rates around the Gamburtsev Mountains in interior East Antarctica
The high elevation and rugged relief (>3 km) of the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains (GSM) have long been considered enigmatic. Orogenesis normally occurs near plate boundaries, not cratonic interiors, and largeâscale tectonic activity last occurred in East Antarctica during the PanâAfrican (480â600 Ma). We sampled detrital apatite from Eocene sands in Prydz Bay at the terminus of the Lambert Graben, which drained a large preâglacial basin including the northern Gamburtsev Mountains. Apatite fissionâtrack and (UâTh)/He cooling ages constrain bedrock erosion rates throughout the catchment. We doubleâdated apatites to resolve individual cooling histories. Erosion was very slow, averaging 0.01â0.02 km/Myr for >250 Myr, supporting the preservation of high elevation in interior East Antarctica since at least the cessation of Permian rifting. Longâterm topographic preservation lends credence to postulated highâelevation mountain ice caps in East Antarctica since at least the Cretaceous and to the idea that coldâbased glaciation can preserve tectonically inactive topography
Pressure-Induced Insulating State in Ba1-xRExIrO3 (RE = Gd, Eu) Single Crystals
BaIrO3 is a novel insulator with coexistent weak ferromagnetism, charge and
spin density wave. Dilute RE doping for Ba induces a metallic state, whereas
application of modest pressure readily restores an insulating state
characterized by a three-order-of-magnitude increase of resistivity. Since
pressure generally increases orbital overlap and broadens energy bands, a
pressure-induced insulating state is not commonplace. The profoundly dissimilar
responses of the ground state to light doping and low hydrostatic pressures
signal an unusual, delicate interplay between structural and electronic degrees
of freedom in BaIrO3
Blind Normalization of Speech From Different Channels
We show how to construct a channel-independent representation of speech that
has propagated through a noisy reverberant channel. This is done by blindly
rescaling the cepstral time series by a non-linear function, with the form of
this scale function being determined by previously encountered cepstra from
that channel. The rescaled form of the time series is an invariant property of
it in the following sense: it is unaffected if the time series is transformed
by any time-independent invertible distortion. Because a linear channel with
stationary noise and impulse response transforms cepstra in this way, the new
technique can be used to remove the channel dependence of a cepstral time
series. In experiments, the method achieved greater channel-independence than
cepstral mean normalization, and it was comparable to the combination of
cepstral mean normalization and spectral subtraction, despite the fact that no
measurements of channel noise or reverberations were required (unlike spectral
subtraction).Comment: 25 pages, 7 figure
Hyperopic Cops and Robbers
We introduce a new variant of the game of Cops and Robbers played on graphs,
where the robber is invisible unless outside the neighbor set of a cop. The
hyperopic cop number is the corresponding analogue of the cop number, and we
investigate bounds and other properties of this parameter. We characterize the
cop-win graphs for this variant, along with graphs with the largest possible
hyperopic cop number. We analyze the cases of graphs with diameter 2 or at
least 3, focusing on when the hyperopic cop number is at most one greater than
the cop number. We show that for planar graphs, as with the usual cop number,
the hyperopic cop number is at most 3. The hyperopic cop number is considered
for countable graphs, and it is shown that for connected chains of graphs, the
hyperopic cop density can be any real number in $[0,1/2].
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