EFFECT OF IN VIVO POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER (PBDE) TREATMENT ON HEPATIC GLYCERONEOGENESIS AND LIPID METABOLISM

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals that contaminate the environment. Through ingestion and inhalation, these chemicals get into the human body, where they affect the liver by suppressing the metabolic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), which is partially responsible for glyceride-glycerol production via glyceroneogenesis. This study investigated the effects of PBDE-induced hepatic PEPCK suppression on glyceroneogenesis, and the associated perturbations in liver lipid metabolism. Twenty-eight male, weanling Wistar rats were treated daily with 14 mg/kg body weight PBDE mixture, DE-71 (TRT, n=14) or corn oil vehicle (CON, n=14) for 28 days. After a 48-hour fast, rats were sacrificed and blood and livers removed for analysis of serum metabolites, PEPCK protein levels, PEPCK activity, liver lipids, and glyceroneogenesis. TRT animals exhibited significant increases in serum ketones (27%), accompanied by significant decreases in serum triglycerides (27%), and liver PEPCK protein (23%), PEPCK Vmax (40%), lipids (29%), and glyceroneogenesis (41%) compared to CON. These findings demonstrate that PBDE-induced PEPCK suppression impacts liver lipid metabolism, likely by suppressing glyceroneogenesis

The Great Fish War: A Cooperative Solution

The competitive al location of a common property resource is analyzed taking explicit account of the fact that the resource users must confront each other repeatedly. This means that future retaliation for noncooperatrve behavior is possible. The likelihood of enforcing cooperative behavior with the credible threat of retaliation is analyzed using the theory of repeated games

Fowl beasts, the chicken and the egg

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Ultraviolet downconverting phosphor for use with silicon CCD imagers

The properties and application of a UV downconverting phosphor (coronene) to silicon charge coupled devices are discussed. Measurements of the absorption spectrum have been extended to below 1000 A, and preliminary results indicate the existence of useful response to at least 584 A. The average conversion efficiency of coronene was measured to be ~20% at 2537 A. Imagery at 3650 A using a backside illuminated 800 X 800 CCD coated with coronene is presented

Experiences of College Freshmen Women Who Eat in a Social Environment

The social cognitive theory suggests that social surroundings influence health behaviors, and social modeling literature supports that eating behaviors are influenced by social norms. Eating decisions are especially vulnerable to social influence during the transition to college, although current interventions do not address social influence in the context of the eating environment itself or consider how men and women may experience this environment differently. This generic qualitative study explored how freshmen women perceived their experiences eating in a cafeteria setting. The research questions investigated freshmen women’s perceptions about social influence on self-efficacy, self-regulation, outcome expectations, and modeling of normative information during mealtime in the cafeteria. A purposeful sample of 13 freshmen women non-health majors who lived on campus at a small liberal arts college were interviewed. Inductive coding founded in social cognitive theory and social norms constructs guided thematic analysis. Developing themes were assessed in light of original data and triangulated using direct observations and reflexive memos. Friends were valued as a source of support and increased self-efficacy, facilitating self-regulation and identification of outcome expectations through modeling of descriptive norms. The larger social environment increased fear of judgement, decreased self-efficacy, and lowered prioritization of self-regulation and outcome expectations. These findings can be used by campus stakeholders to help facilitate health promotion strategies on campus that create positive social change by facilitating social support for freshmen women in the cafeteria and empowering them to develop healthy behaviors in a vulnerable and uncomfortable social environment

Coronene and liumogen as VUV sensitive coatings for Si CCD imagers: a comparison

Phosphor coatings have long been employed in the detection of UV radiation. With the interest in the use of silicon charge coupled device (CCD) imagers as the detector for the space telescope and other space-borne astronomical missions, a UV sensitive phosphor is desired the emission spectrum of which usefully matches the spectral response of the CCD. Such a phosphor would provide an unparalleled opportunity to image in the UV, the visible, and near IR wavelengths with the same detector. A recent study has suggested that coronene and sodium salicylate (which emit at 500 and 420 nm, respectively) are the most promising candidate phosphors. The potential of a third organic phosphor, liumogen, is the subject of this Letter

Factors Predicting Late Recurrence for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version of 'Sestak, Ivana, et al. "Factors Predicting late recurrence for estrogen receptor–Positive Breast cancer." Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2013): djt244' is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djt24

Improving Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life with Massage Therapy in Youth and Young Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a Pilot Study

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands characterized by abnormal production of thick mucus, primar-ily in bronchi of the lungs. Individuals experience recurrent respiratory infections, increased work of breathing, cough and musculoskeletal changes with pain. Previous research found that massage therapy (MT) decreased pain, muscle tightness, and anxiety in individuals with CF, but did not use valid/reliable measurements of quality of life (QOL).Purpose: To evaluate the effects of MT on QOL and clinical outcomes in individuals 8 to 21 years old with CF. Setting: A 622-bed nonprofit pediatric hospital in Ohio in the United States.Participants: Convenience sample of 24 patients with CF; 12 randomly assigned to treatment and control groups, respectively. Research Design and Intervention: Prospective two-group controlled pre/post pilot study using deep tissue myofascial trigger point massage over 10 to 12 weeks.Measurements: Pediatric Quality of Life Inven-tory (Peds QL 4.0); Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R); numeric rating scales (NRS) for pain, muscle tightness, ease of breathing, relax-ation; pulmonary function (PFT); single breath count; thoracic excursion (TE).Results: All participants were Caucasian; mean age 15.7 (SD = 3.5) years; 16 (66.6%) female. No significant differences were found in terms of age, gender, baseline pain between MT and control groups. At the final visit, compared to the control group, the children in MT group showed statistically significantly reduced muscle tight-ness (p = .048) with a large effect size (?²=0.163) and marginally statistically significantly higher levels of relaxation (p = .052), less pain (p = .076), and improved upper TE (p = .078) and lower TE (p = .056) scores with large and moderate effect sizes (?² = 0.156, ?² = 0.095, ?² = 0.083, and ?² = 0.073). No statistically significant differences in children’s and caregivers’ QOL scores between the two groups were found.Conclusions: Massage therapy was found to significantly reduce muscle tightness, marginally significantly help pain, relaxation, and thoracic excursion in participants with C

Prediction of Late Distant Recurrence After 5 Years of Endocrine Treatment: A Combined Analysis of Patients From the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group 8 and Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination Randomized Trials Using the PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score

Breakthrough Breast Cancer, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at The Royal Marsden Hospital, and Grant No. C569-10404 from the Cancer Research United Kingdom program

American Cancer Society/American Society of Clinical Oncology Breast Cancer Survivorship Care Guideline

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136493/1/caac21319_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136493/2/caac21319-sup-0001-suppinfo1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136493/3/caac21319.pd