Evaluation of Proton MR Spectroscopy for the Study of the Tongue Tissue in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Preliminary Findings

PurposeTo noninvasively assess spectroscopic and metabolic profiles of healthy tongue tissue and in an exploratory objective in nontreated and treated patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsFourteen healthy subjects (HSs), one patient with nontreated tongue SCC (NT-SCC), and two patients with treated tongue SCC (T-SCC) underwent MRI and single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) evaluations (3 and 1.5T). Multi-echo-times 1H-MRS was performed at the medial superior part (MSP) and the anterior inferior part (AIP) of the tongue in HS, while 1H-MRS voxel was placed at the most aggressive part of the tumor for patients with tongue SCC. 1H-MRS data analysis yielded spectroscopic metabolite ratios quantified to total creatine.ResultsIn HS, compared to MSP and AIP, 1H-MRS spectra revealed higher levels of creatine, a more prominent and well-identified trimethylamine-choline (TMA-Cho) peak. However, larger prominent lipid peaks were better differentiated in the tongue MSP. Compared to HS, patients with NT-SCC exhibited very high levels of lipids and relatively higher values of TMA-Cho peak. Interestingly, patients with T-SCC showed almost nonproliferation activity. However, high lipids levels were measured, although they were relatively lower than lipids levels measured in patients with NT-SCC.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated the potential use of in-vivo1H-MRS to noninvasively assess spectroscopic and metabolic profiles of the healthy tongue tissue in a spatial location-dependent manner. Preliminary results revealed differences between HS and patients with tongue NT-SCC as well as tongue T-SCC, which should be confirmed with more patients. 1H-MRS could be included, in the future, in the arsenal of tools for treatment response evaluation and noninvasive monitoring of patients with tongue SCC

Pathologie hématologique : le modèle le plus abouti de désescalade en radiothérapie

International audienceThe proportion of patients irradiated in the context of malignant hematological pathologies decreased over the last decades. The main causes are the late side effects of the historical series and the new therapeutic strategies aiming to relay radiotherapy to the rank of option. At the same time, radiotherapy has been modernised, target volumes and total doses have been drastically reduced. Hodgkin's lymphomas, indolent follicular lymphomas and primary cerebral lymphomas are the main witnesses of this therapeutic deflation

Irradiation postopératoire sélective des carcinomes épidermoïdes de la tête et du cou (expérience des cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc)

Propositions : Analyser les récidives locorégionales et leur relation avec les distributions de dose da radiothérapie dans une série de patients traités par irradiation postopératoire sélective de type IMRT pour cancer de la tête et du cou. Matériels et Méthodes : Entre Janvier 2000 et Novembre 2007, 105 patients ont été traités par irradiation postopératoire (60 à 64 Gy) sur base du rapport anatomopathologique. Ce traitement était sélectif, c'est-à-dire administré sur le lit tumoral et/ou sur les aires ganglionnaires initialement envahies. A partir de Juin 2005, une chimiothérapie concomitante (cisplatine 100 mg/m2, jours 1-22-43) a été délivrée dans les cas d effraction capsulaire ganglionnaire et/ou marges de résection envahies. La localisation de la récidive a été comparée aux distributions de doses prescrites. La récidive était considérée respectivement In-Field , Extending Outside the Field ou Out-of-Field si le volume de récidive maximal recevait >=95%, entre 20 et 95% ou <20% de la dose prescrite. Résultats : Après un suivi médian de 34.6 mois, la survie globale, la survie sans récidive et le contrôle locorégional à 5 ans étaient respectivement de 52.4%, 52.3% et 78.1%. Seuls 23% des patients ont reçu une chimiothérapie concomitante. Au terme de l analyse, 24 des 105 patients ont développé une récidive locorégionale, la majorité des récidives se situait In-Field (58%). Deux patients ont récidivé Extending Outside the Field (9%) et huit Out-of-Field (33%). Conclusion : Les patients opérés de cancers de la tête et du cou peuvent bénéficier comme traitement adjuvant d une irradiation sélective. Elle devrait permettre de réduire la toxicité tardive et de faciliter une éventuelle ré-irradiation.AMIENS-BU Santé (800212102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Intérêt de la radiothérapie stéréotaxique pour les tumeurs primitives du poumon localisées de stade T1-T2

International audienceThe historical treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer is surgical. Parenchymal amputation is not always possible due to cardiopulmonary comorbidities and stereotactic radiotherapy is one of the alternatives to an invasive procedure. The excellent results observed for inoperable tumors raised the question of this treatment in operable patients. This article presents the data in these two situations and the future perspectives.Le traitement historique des cancers du poumon non à petites cellules de stade I repose sur la chirurgie. L’amputation parenchymateuse n’est pas toujours possible du fait de comorbidité cardiopulmonaire et la radiothérapie stéréotaxique fait partie des alternatives à une procédure invasive. Les excellents résultats observés pour les tumeurs non opérables ont conduit à se poser la question de ce traitement chez des patients opérables. Cet article expose les données publiées dans ces deux situations et les perspectives à venir

Prejudice among Egalitarians: The Case of Values and Weight Bias

Many domains of research suggest that high favorability to social power and low favorability to egalitarian ideals predict more prejudice against other groups. In the present article, we describe theory and evidence suggesting that the relations between power, egalitarianism, and prejudice may be reversed for one group: fat men. Using both implicit and explicit measures, we found across four studies (N = 602) that target gender moderated the relation between values and attitude toward fat people. For male targets, implicitly but not explicitly measured positivity toward power (over egalitarian) values predicted significantly more spontaneous positive attitudes toward fat (over slim) people. Further, implicit attitude toward power (over egalitarian) values predicted the time-pressured decision to choose a fat male. Together, the implicit evaluation of values allows us to identify processes in intergroup attitudes and behaviors that would not be possible to detect using explicit measures of values alone

Evaluation of Antiradical and Antioxidant Activities of Lipopeptides Produced by Bacillus subtilis Strains

International audienceThis study investigated the antiradical and antioxidant potential of the three families of lipopeptides (i.e., surfactin, mycosubtilin, and plipastatin/fengycin) produced by Bacillus subtilis strains. The antiradical/antioxidant activities of highly purified lipopeptides were studied in acellular models using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide anion ( O 2 . - ), hydrogen peroxide, (H 2 O 2 ) and hydroxyl radical (HO . ). At a lipopeptide concentration of 500 mg.L −1 , the maximum inhibition of DPPH reached 22.88% (obtained for plipastatin). Moreover, the scavenging effects of O 2 . - , H 2 O 2 , and HO . at the highest concentration tested (250 mg.L −1 ) were found to be 6, 21, and 3% for surfactin, 19, 9, and 15% for mycosubtilin, 21, 18, and 59% for plipastatin, 21, 31, and 61% for the mixture of surfactin/plipastatin, and 13, 16, and 15% for the mixture of surfactin/mycosubtilin, respectively. These results showed that plipastatin was the best candidate due to its antioxidant activities

Germinal GLT8D1, GATAD2A and SLC25A39 mutations in a patient with a glomangiopericytal tumor and five different sarcomas over a 10-year period

International audienceSoft tissue sarcoma represents about 1% of all adult cancers. Occurrence of multiple sarcomas in a same individual cannot be fortuitous. A 72-year-old patient had between 2007 and 2016 a glomangiopericytal tumor of the right forearm and a succession of sarcomas of the extremities: a leiomyosarcoma of the left buttock, a myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) of the right forearm, a MFS of the left scapula, a left latero-thoracic MFS and two undifferentiated sarcomas on the left forearm. Pathological examination of the six locations was not in favor of disease with local/distant recurrences but could not confirm different diseases. An extensive molecular analysis including DNA-array, RNA-sequencing and DNA-Sanger-sequencing, was thus performed to determine the link between them. The genomic profile of the glomangiopericytal tumor and the six sarcomas revealed that five sarcomas were different diseases and one was the local recurrence of the glomangiopericytal tumor. While the chromosomal alterations in the six tumors were different, a common somatic CDKN2A/CDKN2B deletion was identified. RNA-sequencing of five tumors identified mutations in GLT8D1, GATAD2A and SLC25A39 in all samples. The germline origin of these mutations was confirmed by Sanger-sequencing. Innovative molecular analysis methods have made possible a better understanding of the complex tumorigenesis of multiple sarcomas

Electrophysiological correlates of emotional meaning in context in relation to facets of schizotypal personality traits: A dimensional study

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