147 research outputs found
Violência íntima feminina e perceção de desigualdade de género: um estudo exploratório
Orientação: Joana Maria Barreto Ramos de Almeida CabralA investigação sobre o fenómeno de violência nas relações íntimas (VRI) tem-se focado, quase na totalidade, nos comportamentos violentos praticados por homens. O que faz com que ainda pouco se saiba sobre os comportamentos violentos adotados pelas mulheres. A escassez de investigação sobre a VRI praticada pelas mulheres, é ainda acompanhada de uma ausência de consenso sobre os motivos que as levam a agredir os companheiros. O maior foco na violência praticada pelos homens poderá dever-se ao facto de a maioria dos investigadores olharem para este fenómeno tendo como base a organização patriarcal da sociedade. Contudo, alguns investigadores defendem que a sociedade patriarcal poderá também estar na base dos comportamentos agressivos praticados por mulheres. O presente estudo tem como principal objetivo compreender a em que medida a maior ou menor conformidade com papéis de género tradicionais pode influenciar a adoção de comportamentos violentos, por parte das mulheres. A amostra inclui 318 participantes, do sexo feminino, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 64 anos (M = 28.37, DP = 10.132, Mo = 18). Os instrumentos administrados avaliaram a perceção de desigualdade de género e de conflitos associados à mesma, a vergonha interna, as atitudes relativamente ao género e os comportamentos abusivos no contexto da relação de intimidade. Os resultados sugerem que a menor conformidade com papéis de género tradicionais está associada a uma maior perceção de ameaça ao valor próprio e à relação, face a situações de conflito que evocam papeis de género tradicionais e/ou podem representar transgressões face a estes papeis. As estratégias de desvalorização parecem ser as mais usadas em situações de desigualdade de género e dos conflitos associados.Research on the phenomenon of intimate partner violence (IPV) is now almost exclusively focused on the violent behavior of men. This results in little knowledge about the violent behaviors adopted by women against their intimate partners. The scarcity of research on women's IPV is accompanied by a lack of consensus on the reasons why women abuse their partners. The greater focus on male violence may be due to the fact that most researchers look at this phenomenon based on the patriarchal organization that our society presents. However, some researchers argue that patriarchal society may be also the basis of aggressive behavior by women. The present study has as the main objective to understand how the higher or lower conformity with traditional gender roles can influence the adoption of violent behaviors, by the women. The sample included 318 female participants, age ranged by 18-64 years (M = 28.37, SD = 10.132, Mo = 18). The administered instruments evaluated the perception of gender inequality and associated conflicts, internal shame, gender attitudes, and abusive behaviors in the context of the relationship of intimacy. The main results suggest that lower compliance with traditional gender roles is associated with a greater perception of threat to self-worth and to the relationship in face of conflict that evoke gender roles and/or transgressions to traditional gender roles. Devaluation seems to be the most adopted strategy adopted in face of conflicts around gender inequality
Overlaps between the family and the business: key insights and challenges of family entrepreneurship in Portugal
Family-oriented companies are a predominant type of company in the context of the Portuguese private business fabric. At the heart of this business typology, two structural aspects of the life of individuals coexist: work (company) and family, with multiple challenges experienced by those who create, manage and coordinate them: their entrepreneurs. Recent studies reveal that 50% of family businesses do not reach the second generation and only 20% reach the third generation (AEP, 2011). Business succession planning represents one of the main management challenges experienced in this segment of companies. This communication presents a reflection on family entrepreneurship in Portugal, offering a portrait of the family businesses in the North Region of Portugal and focusing on main management challenges, such as business succession and management professionalization. For this purpose, the main results from the research project “Roadmap for Portuguese family businesses” (2016-2018), financed by NORTE 2020 / FEDER will be presented. The aims of this project were to contribute to a better knowledge and institutional visibility of this segment of companies, as well as to assess the impact of companies Northern Region in the local, national and international economy. The data presented is the result of an eclectic methodological design that has combined a quantitative-extensive approach, based on the construction of a database with all family companies formally registered in the North of Portugal and posteriorly the application of an online survey (LimeSurvey platform) to the family entities collected in previous step, in order to better characterise the profiles of family companies, and also a qualitative-intensive approach based on the conduction of a set of 23 in-depth interviews to family managers/ owners, bearing in mind the diversity of this business typology, namely in terms of basic variables such as the sector of activity, size, year of foundation, founder’s gender
Intergenerational management succession: specificities of the Portuguese family business
Family firms are considered the world’s most predominant form of business organisation. Notwithstanding the
fact that there is a lack of consensus with regards to their definition, on recognise that family firms are different
from non-family businesses due to their specific relations at three levels, namely ownership, business and family.
It would appear that the family influences, shapes and conditions both the firm and its continuity, mainly through
the intergenerational management succession, its planning and effectiveness. According to a recent research
focused on the entrepreneurial succession in Portugal (AEP, 2011), 50% of family businesses are not passed
on to the second generation, and only 20% reach the third generation. Also, taking into account the main results
from the project “Roadmap for Portuguese Family Businesses” (NORTE2020/FEDER), the empirical findings
have proved that the business succession planning has been identified as one of the most challenging steps in
the life of the family firm, which demands for appropriate analysis. In fact, resistance to succession, relationship
founder/ successor, planning of succession, type of organisational culture, among others, explain how executive
succession is one of the most important and hardest tasks in organisational life. In this article, we aim to discuss
the main management challenges of a family business, particularly the importance of succession preparation
and the role of the family in the socialisation of the second (third or subsequent) generation. Based on an online
survey (N 1148) and on in-depth interviews conducted to founder/ manager/ owner (N 23), we will seek to point
out major challenges faced by the Portuguese family business, as far as this matter is concerned.NORTE-02-0853-FEDER-00001
SMEs and family Smes: specificities from the portuguese socio-business context
The composition of the corporate structure constitutes a relevant indicator of the entrepreneurial and economic dynamism of a certain country or territory. In contrast to past estimates over the past 45 years, the importance of small or very small scale entreprises has been steadily decreasing in the Portuguese business universe. The Portuguese socio-entrepreneurial fabric is predominantly constituted by small and very small scale businesses (micro companies): in 2015, 99,9% of the non financial Portuguese sector were SME [Small and Medium-size companies], and the micro scale companies represented around 96% of the total number of SME. In this context, family businesses acquire greater relevance due to/for the estimated weight they have on the economy (between 70% to 80% of the SME, also including great companies quoted on the stock exchange markets), on the creation of jopbs and on the role they play in the local development. Notwithstanding, there still is a significant unawareness of the business layouts of the family companies. In effect, these tend to be heterogeneousin terms of size, activity sector and degree of professionalization of the respective government models and human resources..The ongoing project, “Roadmap for the Portuguese family businesses” (2016-2018), financed by the NORTE 2020/ FEDER has as a central goal to contribute to a better acknowledgement and assessment of the impact of family companies in the northern region, as far as the local, national and international economy is concerned. For this purpose, it will build a database of the Portuguese northern region, mapping all the companies that present the layout of a family business and apply an online survey, combined with in-depth interviews to the various types and segments of family businesses, reinforcing their economic and social roles.Interdisciplinary Center of Social Sciences - University of Minho, UID/SOC/04647/2013 with the financial support of FCT / MEC through National funds and if applicable co-financed by the ERDF Scope of the Agreement PT2020 partnership
Das barreiras alfandegárias entre campos disciplinares: breve ilustração a partir do caso sociologia e ciências da comunicação
Tendo como pano de fundo teórico-metodológico estudos da sociologia da ciência, pretendeu-se desenvolver no presente estudo uma breve aproximação às relações entre dois campos disciplinares vizinhos: sociologia, em particular o subcampo de fronteira da sociologia da comunicação, e as ciências da comunicação.
Estaremos perante dois contextos disciplinares que apresentam diferenças assinaláveis em termos de práticas e investigações desenvolvidas? Os resultados empíricos apresentados decorreram de uma análise densa das comunicações apresentadas durante o período temporal compreendido entre 1985 e 2005, em cada um dos campos, atentando a três variáveis centrais – principais actores e respectivas pertenças institucionais, linhas temáticas predominantes e estratégias metodológicas privilegiadas – sem perder de vista sinais de proximidade ou de afastamento entre as duas disciplinas científicas em análise.Bearing in mind the theoretical and methodological framework of sociology of science, it is our purpose to develop a brief approach and reflection upon the relations between two neighbour scientific fields: sociology, particularly the borderline sub-field of sociology of communication, and the communication sciences.
Are there significant differences between the research developed in the field of sociology of communication and that developed within the communication sciences? The empirical data brought forward are the result of a thorough analysis on the papers presented between 1985 and 2005 in each field, with special attention to three main aspects – institutions and main agents, dominant themes and methodologies – and how they can signal both proximity and distance between the two scientific fields
Maria das Dores Guerreiro (coord.), Relações Sócio-Laborais em Micro e Pequenas Empresas, 2001, Lisboa, OEFP
É, na actualidade, amplamente reconhecida a relevância das empresas de micro e pequena dimensão enquanto um importante contexto de trabalho, dado o volume de emprego que representam e a sua predominância no tecido sócioempresarial português. A investigação sociológica nesta área é, contudo, exígua, sendo o presente estudo, coordenado por Maria das Dores Guerreiro, uma excelente oportunidade para conhecer em profundidade a forma como se estruturam as relações sociolaborais nas micro e peque..
Vivências dos cuidadores informais da pessoa com doença oncológica
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em EnfermagemA doença oncológica tem um impacto profundo nos pacientes e nos seus cuidadores informais, originando para ambos uma grande transformação a nível pessoal e profissional, com grande repercussão a nível da sua qualidade de vida pelo extremo stress, angústia, e medo que enfrentam no dia-a-dia e pela incerteza quanto ao futuro.
As famílias enfrentam grandes dificuldades para lidar com uma doença como o cancro, que causa muito sofrimento e quanto mais avançada ela se encontra, maior é esse sofrimento. A precariedade das condições sociais, económicas e culturais dos pacientes e familiares amplia a vulnerabilidade social que a doença impõe.
A tarefa de cuidar pode ser difícil, com exigências específicas ao nível físico, material e humano, fazendo com que muitas vezes as necessidades dos cuidadores sejam esquecidas.
O presente documento insere-se no âmbito do plano curricular do 4ºano da Licenciatura em Enfermagem da Universidade Fernando Pessoa, e o tema abordado foi “Vivências dos cuidadores informais da pessoa com doença oncológica”.
A metodologia científica utilizada para a realização deste estudo teve um carácter exploratório descritivo com base numa abordagem qualitativa. O instrumento de recolha de dados aplicado foi um formulário e uma entrevista semiestruturada, sendo que a amostra incidiu sobre sete familiares de doentes com doença oncológica.
Pretendeu-se com este estudo perceber quais as vivências dos cuidadores informais ao longo de todo o processo com a pessoa de doença oncológica, as mudanças mais sentidas, bem como, todas as dificuldades que os mesmos sentem no decorrer crucial deste etapa que surge nas suas vidas.Cancer disease has a profound impact on patients and their caregivers, leading to major transformations both at personal and professional level, with important repercussions in terms of their life quality extreme stress, anxiety, and fear and they face in day- to-day and uncertainty of the future. Families face great difficulties in dealing with a disease like cancer, which causes much suffering and the more advanced it is, the greater the suffering. The precariousness of social, economic and cultural conditions of the patients and theirfamily increases the social vulnerability that the disease imposes. The task of caring can be difficult, with specific requirements at the physical, material and human level, leading often to the fact that caregivers´needs are forgotten. This document falls within the scope of the Nursing Bachelor Degree curriculum at University Fernando Pessoa , and the topic discussed is "Experiences of informal caregivers of people with oncological disease ." The scientific methodology used is of descriptive exploratory nature and based on a qualitative approach. A form and a semi- structured interview were the tools used for data collection, focusing the sample on seven relatives of people with oncological disease. The aim of this study is to understand the experiences of the informal caregivers throughout the whole process with the patient with oncological disease, the most relevant changes, as well as the difficulties perceived during this crucial stage of their lives.N/
Empresas familiares da Região Norte: especificidades e representações face à profissionalização da gestão
As empresas familiares (EF) representam um importante contexto de trabalho do tecido empresarial privado do país. Com efeito, o peso estimado deste segmento de empresas na economia nacional (entre 70% a 80% das PME, incluindo também grandes empresas cotadas na bolsa) coloca-as num lugar preponderante enquanto agentes de criação de riqueza, de emprego e de coesão territorial e social. Não obstante, persiste um significativo desconhecimento das configurações empresariais das empresas familiares. Ainda assim, sabe-se que a sua heterogeneidade - em termos de dimensão, de setor de atividade, do grau de profissionalização dos modelos de governo e de recursos humanos - contribui para a sua complexidade enquanto contexto de trabalho e são múltiplos os desafios que se colocam a quem nelas trabalham, mas também aos seus dirigentes.
Os dados apresentados enquadram-se no projeto “Roadmap para as empresas familiares portuguesas” (2016-2018), financiado pelo NORTE 2020/ FEDER e decorrem de um inquérito por questionário aplicado a diversos segmentos de empresas familiares da região Norte de Portugal (n= 1148), bem como das entrevistas de cariz compreensivo realizadas a um conjunto diversificado de empresário/as dirigentes de empresas de cariz familiar (n=23).
Pretende-se apresentar um retrato atualizado das empresas familiares da Região Norte considerando um conjunto de variáveis chave: distribuição geográfica, dimensão, antiguidade, setor de atividade económica, volume de negócios, entre outros. Destaca-se ainda principais desafios de gestão de uma empresa familiar, nomeadamente representações face à profissionalização da gestão
Energias Renováveis na Península Ibérica: Impacto no Crescimento Económico, Preços de Mercado Elétrico e Emissões de CO2
Nos últimos anos, as fontes de energia renováveis aumentaram a sua participação no mix energético da maioria dos países da Europa e do mundo, devido essencialmente a preocupações ambientais. Os benefícios do seu uso para o crescimento económico e o meio ambiente são muito discutidos na literatura, sendo necessário examinar integralmente os seus efeitos. Desta forma, este trabalho examina o impacto desta nova aposta na Península Ibérica, nomeadamente em termos de crescimento económico, preços de mercado de energia elétrica e as nas emissões de CO2. A análise foi construída sobre diferentes técnicas de estimação de dados em painel, nomeadamente o método pooled OLS e o método de dados em painel com efeitos fixos, usando um conjunto de dados que abrange um período de tempo de 2007 a 2017. Os resultados mostram que há diferentes impactos nos diversos fatores. Na Península Ibérica e nos anos em estudo, verifica-se que o aumento na produção de energia por fontes renováveis teve um impacto negativo sobre o PIB, sobre o preço de mercado de energia elétrica e as emissões de CO2.In the last years, the renewable energies increased its participation in the energetic mix in most of European countries and even worldwide, due to essentially environmental awareness. The benefits of its use to the economic growth and environment are frequently discussed in literature, being necessary to fully exam its effects. In this way, this study looks to examine the impact of renewable energy in Iberian Peninsula, namely in terms of economic growth, market prices of electric energy and CO2 emissions. The study analysis was made by employing different panel data techniques, specifically pooled OLS method and fixed panel method, using an amount of data collected between 2007 and 2017. The results show us that there are different impacts from multiple factors. In the Iberian Peninsula, between the years of study, we can see that the increase of production by renewable sources had negative impact on PIB, market prices of electric energy and CO2 emissions
Becoming an Entrepreneur: a Diversity of Factors, Types and Pathways
This paper is the result of a research focused on the study of entrepreneurial patterns, contexts and experiences. Its particular objectives are the analysis of the different pathways to become an entrepreneur. On the basis of in-depth interviews to women and men entrepreneurs about their individual trajectories, a typology of access to entrepreneurship is proposed. This categorisation expresses different combinations of social factors and places particular emphasis on the effects that gender and qualifications have on the decision to become self-employed, without neglecting the importance of socioeconomic circumstances, interpersonal networks and family relationships
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