4 research outputs found
CaractƩrisation et explicitation des modifications des signatures ionomiques des vƩgƩtaux induites par diffƩrentes carences minƩrales
It has been suggested the composition of the ionome (i.e. macro, micro and beneficial elements) of plant tissues resulting from multiple interactions between nutrients and affected more globally by plant environment, can reveal the physiological status of plants. The aims of this study were to highlight the ionomic modification, potential interactions between elements and ionomic signatures resulting from different mineral deficiencies in Brassica napus (a dicot) and Triticum aestivum (a monocot). Thus, plants were subjected to 18 individual element deficiencies (N, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, B, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Na, Si, Co, and Se) and harvested before growth reduction. The main objectives were i) to analyze the ionomic signatures of plant tissues and to compare the response of both species to different mineral deficiencies, ii) to identify some potential metabolic pathways, iii) to characterize in Brassica napus, the molecular responses (transcriptomic and metabolomics) to each macronutrient deficiency, focusing to the roots, the first tissue facing the macronutrient deficiencies.In both species, the main results revealed numerous elemental interactions, some being already described in the literature, such as a strong increase of Mo and Se uptake under S deprivation, a strong increase of Na uptake under K deficiency or of divalent cations under Fe deprivation. These ionomic modifications could be the consequence of the up-regulation of non-specific root transporters, thus increasing the uptake of other elements available in nutrient solutions. Our study also identified original interactions, such as the increase of vanadium uptake in S-deficient plants, probably resulting from an overexpression of root sulfate transporters, confirmed in particular by the ionomic analysis of Arabidopsis knockout lines Sultr1;1 and Sultr1;2. Another original, but negative interaction between N and Na has been shown and suggests that Na transport could be functionally linked to N uptake. This hypothesis was supported by ionomic analysis of Arabidopsis knockout lines for genes encoding nitrate transporters (nrt1.1 and nrt2.1). These interactions between elements led to the identification of potentially specific ionomic signatures of each deficiency, that were then compared between Brassica napus and Triticum aestivum. Finally, in macronutrient-deficient rapeseed roots, specific and common molecular processes were identified using broad transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. We were then able to identify a set of differentially expressed genes and metabolomic profiles that were specific to each macronutrient deficiency, which could be used for early diagnosis of each nutritional deficiency.La composition du ionome (i.e. macro, micro et eĢleĢments beĢneĢfiques) des tissus veĢgeĢtaux reĢsultant de multiples interactions entre eĢleĢments mais plus globalement avec lāenvironnement, est aĢ meĢme de reĢveĢler l'eĢtat physiologique des plantes. Cette eĢtude vise aĢ mettre en eĢvidence les modifications ionomiques, les interactions potentielles entre eĢleĢments et les signatures ionomiques reĢsultant de diffeĢrentes carences mineĢrales chez Brassica napus (une dicotyleĢdone) et Triticum aestivum (une monocotyleĢdone). Ainsi, les plantes ont eĢteĢ soumises aĢ 18 carences nutritionnelles individuelles (N, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, B, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Na, Si, Co et Se) et reĢcolteĢes avant la reĢduction de leur croissance. Les principaux objectifs eĢtaient i) d'analyser les signatures ionomiques des tissus veĢgeĢtaux et de comparer la reĢponse des deux espeĢces aux diffeĢrentes carences mineĢrales, ii) d'identifier certaines voies meĢtaboliques sous-jacentes et enfin iii) de caracteĢriser chez Brassica napus, les reĢponses moleĢculaires (transcriptomiques et meĢtabolomiques) aĢ chaque carence en macroeĢleĢments en se focalisant au niveau des racines, le premier organe exposeĢ aĢ lāabsence de disponibiliteĢ en macroeĢleĢments.Chez ces deux espeĢces, les principaux reĢsultats ont reĢveĢleĢ des interactions eĢleĢmentaires dont certaines sont deĢcrites dans la litteĢrature, telles qu'une forte augmentation de l'absorption du Mo et du Se lors d'une carence en S, une absorption accrue de Na lors dāune privation en K ou des cations divalents en cas de carence en Fe. Ces modifications ionomiques pourraient eĢtre la conseĢquence de la surexpression de transporteurs racinaires non speĢcifiques, augmentant ainsi l'absorption d'autres eĢleĢments disponibles dans les solutions nutritives. Notre eĢtude a eĢgalement montreĢ dāautres interactions plus originales et notamment lāaugmentation de l'absorption du vanadium chez les plantes soumises aĢ une carence en S, reĢsultant probablement d'une surexpression des transporteurs racinaires de sulfate, confirmeĢe notamment par l'analyse ionomique de ligneĢes d'Arabidopsis knock-out sultr1;1 et sultr1;2. Une autre interaction originale, mais neĢgative, entre N et Na a eĢteĢ deĢmontreĢe suggeĢrant que le transport de Na pourrait eĢtre fonctionnellement lieĢ aĢ l'absorption de N. Cette hypotheĢse a eĢteĢ soutenue par lāanalyse ionomique des ligneĢes d'Arabidopsis knock-out pour les geĢnes codant les transporteurs de nitrate (nrt1.1 et nrt2.1). Ces interactions entre eĢleĢments ont conduit aĢ lāidentification des signatures ionomiques potentiellement speĢcifiques de chaque carence, qui ont eĢteĢ compareĢes entre les deux espeĢces veĢgeĢtales consideĢreĢes. Enfin, dans les racines de colzas carenceĢs en macroeĢleĢments, des processus moleĢculaires speĢcifiques et communs ont eĢteĢ identifieĢs en utilisant des approches transcriptomiques et meĢtabolomiques. Ces approches ont eĢgalement permis dāeĢtablir des listes de geĢnes diffeĢrentiellement exprimeĢs et des profils meĢtabolomiques speĢcifiques de chaque privation en macroeĢleĢments, susceptibles dāeĢtre utiliseĢs afin de diagnostiquer preĢcocement chaque carence nutritionnelle
Characterization of the ionomic signatures of plants submitted to nutritional deprivation
La composition du ionome (i.e. macro, micro et eĢleĢments beĢneĢfiques) des tissus veĢgeĢtaux reĢsultant de multiples interactions entre eĢleĢments mais plus globalement avec lāenvironnement, est aĢ meĢme de reĢveĢler l'eĢtat physiologique des plantes. Cette eĢtude vise aĢ mettre en eĢvidence les modifications ionomiques, les interactions potentielles entre eĢleĢments et les signatures ionomiques reĢsultant de diffeĢrentes carences mineĢrales chez Brassica napus (une dicotyleĢdone) et Triticum aestivum (une monocotyleĢdone). Ainsi, les plantes ont eĢteĢ soumises aĢ 18 carences nutritionnelles individuelles (N, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, B, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Na, Si, Co et Se) et reĢcolteĢes avant la reĢduction de leur croissance. Les principaux objectifs eĢtaient i) d'analyser les signatures ionomiques des tissus veĢgeĢtaux et de comparer la reĢponse des deux espeĢces aux diffeĢrentes carences mineĢrales, ii) d'identifier certaines voies meĢtaboliques sous-jacentes et enfin iii) de caracteĢriser chez Brassica napus, les reĢponses moleĢculaires (transcriptomiques et meĢtabolomiques) aĢ chaque carence en macroeĢleĢments en se focalisant au niveau des racines, le premier organe exposeĢ aĢ lāabsence de disponibiliteĢ en macroeĢleĢments.Chez ces deux espeĢces, les principaux reĢsultats ont reĢveĢleĢ des interactions eĢleĢmentaires dont certaines sont deĢcrites dans la litteĢrature, telles qu'une forte augmentation de l'absorption du Mo et du Se lors d'une carence en S, une absorption accrue de Na lors dāune privation en K ou des cations divalents en cas de carence en Fe. Ces modifications ionomiques pourraient eĢtre la conseĢquence de la surexpression de transporteurs racinaires non speĢcifiques, augmentant ainsi l'absorption d'autres eĢleĢments disponibles dans les solutions nutritives. Notre eĢtude a eĢgalement montreĢ dāautres interactions plus originales et notamment lāaugmentation de l'absorption du vanadium chez les plantes soumises aĢ une carence en S, reĢsultant probablement d'une surexpression des transporteurs racinaires de sulfate, confirmeĢe notamment par l'analyse ionomique de ligneĢes d'Arabidopsis knock-out sultr1;1 et sultr1;2. Une autre interaction originale, mais neĢgative, entre N et Na a eĢteĢ deĢmontreĢe suggeĢrant que le transport de Na pourrait eĢtre fonctionnellement lieĢ aĢ l'absorption de N. Cette hypotheĢse a eĢteĢ soutenue par lāanalyse ionomique des ligneĢes d'Arabidopsis knock-out pour les geĢnes codant les transporteurs de nitrate (nrt1.1 et nrt2.1). Ces interactions entre eĢleĢments ont conduit aĢ lāidentification des signatures ionomiques potentiellement speĢcifiques de chaque carence, qui ont eĢteĢ compareĢes entre les deux espeĢces veĢgeĢtales consideĢreĢes. Enfin, dans les racines de colzas carenceĢs en macroeĢleĢments, des processus moleĢculaires speĢcifiques et communs ont eĢteĢ identifieĢs en utilisant des approches transcriptomiques et meĢtabolomiques. Ces approches ont eĢgalement permis dāeĢtablir des listes de geĢnes diffeĢrentiellement exprimeĢs et des profils meĢtabolomiques speĢcifiques de chaque privation en macroeĢleĢments, susceptibles dāeĢtre utiliseĢs afin de diagnostiquer preĢcocement chaque carence nutritionnelle.It has been suggested the composition of the ionome (i.e. macro, micro and beneficial elements) of plant tissues resulting from multiple interactions between nutrients and affected more globally by plant environment, can reveal the physiological status of plants. The aims of this study were to highlight the ionomic modification, potential interactions between elements and ionomic signatures resulting from different mineral deficiencies in Brassica napus (a dicot) and Triticum aestivum (a monocot). Thus, plants were subjected to 18 individual element deficiencies (N, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, B, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Na, Si, Co, and Se) and harvested before growth reduction. The main objectives were i) to analyze the ionomic signatures of plant tissues and to compare the response of both species to different mineral deficiencies, ii) to identify some potential metabolic pathways, iii) to characterize in Brassica napus, the molecular responses (transcriptomic and metabolomics) to each macronutrient deficiency, focusing to the roots, the first tissue facing the macronutrient deficiencies.In both species, the main results revealed numerous elemental interactions, some being already described in the literature, such as a strong increase of Mo and Se uptake under S deprivation, a strong increase of Na uptake under K deficiency or of divalent cations under Fe deprivation. These ionomic modifications could be the consequence of the up-regulation of non-specific root transporters, thus increasing the uptake of other elements available in nutrient solutions. Our study also identified original interactions, such as the increase of vanadium uptake in S-deficient plants, probably resulting from an overexpression of root sulfate transporters, confirmed in particular by the ionomic analysis of Arabidopsis knockout lines Sultr1;1 and Sultr1;2. Another original, but negative interaction between N and Na has been shown and suggests that Na transport could be functionally linked to N uptake. This hypothesis was supported by ionomic analysis of Arabidopsis knockout lines for genes encoding nitrate transporters (nrt1.1 and nrt2.1). These interactions between elements led to the identification of potentially specific ionomic signatures of each deficiency, that were then compared between Brassica napus and Triticum aestivum. Finally, in macronutrient-deficient rapeseed roots, specific and common molecular processes were identified using broad transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. We were then able to identify a set of differentially expressed genes and metabolomic profiles that were specific to each macronutrient deficiency, which could be used for early diagnosis of each nutritional deficiency
CaractƩrisation et explicitation des modifications des signatures ionomiques des vƩgƩtaux induites par diffƩrentes carences minƩrales
It has been suggested the composition of the ionome (i.e. macro, micro and beneficial elements) of plant tissues resulting from multiple interactions between nutrients and affected more globally by plant environment, can reveal the physiological status of plants. The aims of this study were to highlight the ionomic modification, potential interactions between elements and ionomic signatures resulting from different mineral deficiencies in Brassica napus (a dicot) and Triticum aestivum (a monocot). Thus, plants were subjected to 18 individual element deficiencies (N, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, B, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Na, Si, Co, and Se) and harvested before growth reduction. The main objectives were i) to analyze the ionomic signatures of plant tissues and to compare the response of both species to different mineral deficiencies, ii) to identify some potential metabolic pathways, iii) to characterize in Brassica napus, the molecular responses (transcriptomic and metabolomics) to each macronutrient deficiency, focusing to the roots, the first tissue facing the macronutrient deficiencies.In both species, the main results revealed numerous elemental interactions, some being already described in the literature, such as a strong increase of Mo and Se uptake under S deprivation, a strong increase of Na uptake under K deficiency or of divalent cations under Fe deprivation. These ionomic modifications could be the consequence of the up-regulation of non-specific root transporters, thus increasing the uptake of other elements available in nutrient solutions. Our study also identified original interactions, such as the increase of vanadium uptake in S-deficient plants, probably resulting from an overexpression of root sulfate transporters, confirmed in particular by the ionomic analysis of Arabidopsis knockout lines Sultr1;1 and Sultr1;2. Another original, but negative interaction between N and Na has been shown and suggests that Na transport could be functionally linked to N uptake. This hypothesis was supported by ionomic analysis of Arabidopsis knockout lines for genes encoding nitrate transporters (nrt1.1 and nrt2.1). These interactions between elements led to the identification of potentially specific ionomic signatures of each deficiency, that were then compared between Brassica napus and Triticum aestivum. Finally, in macronutrient-deficient rapeseed roots, specific and common molecular processes were identified using broad transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. We were then able to identify a set of differentially expressed genes and metabolomic profiles that were specific to each macronutrient deficiency, which could be used for early diagnosis of each nutritional deficiency.La composition du ionome (i.e. macro, micro et eĢleĢments beĢneĢfiques) des tissus veĢgeĢtaux reĢsultant de multiples interactions entre eĢleĢments mais plus globalement avec lāenvironnement, est aĢ meĢme de reĢveĢler l'eĢtat physiologique des plantes. Cette eĢtude vise aĢ mettre en eĢvidence les modifications ionomiques, les interactions potentielles entre eĢleĢments et les signatures ionomiques reĢsultant de diffeĢrentes carences mineĢrales chez Brassica napus (une dicotyleĢdone) et Triticum aestivum (une monocotyleĢdone). Ainsi, les plantes ont eĢteĢ soumises aĢ 18 carences nutritionnelles individuelles (N, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, B, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Na, Si, Co et Se) et reĢcolteĢes avant la reĢduction de leur croissance. Les principaux objectifs eĢtaient i) d'analyser les signatures ionomiques des tissus veĢgeĢtaux et de comparer la reĢponse des deux espeĢces aux diffeĢrentes carences mineĢrales, ii) d'identifier certaines voies meĢtaboliques sous-jacentes et enfin iii) de caracteĢriser chez Brassica napus, les reĢponses moleĢculaires (transcriptomiques et meĢtabolomiques) aĢ chaque carence en macroeĢleĢments en se focalisant au niveau des racines, le premier organe exposeĢ aĢ lāabsence de disponibiliteĢ en macroeĢleĢments.Chez ces deux espeĢces, les principaux reĢsultats ont reĢveĢleĢ des interactions eĢleĢmentaires dont certaines sont deĢcrites dans la litteĢrature, telles qu'une forte augmentation de l'absorption du Mo et du Se lors d'une carence en S, une absorption accrue de Na lors dāune privation en K ou des cations divalents en cas de carence en Fe. Ces modifications ionomiques pourraient eĢtre la conseĢquence de la surexpression de transporteurs racinaires non speĢcifiques, augmentant ainsi l'absorption d'autres eĢleĢments disponibles dans les solutions nutritives. Notre eĢtude a eĢgalement montreĢ dāautres interactions plus originales et notamment lāaugmentation de l'absorption du vanadium chez les plantes soumises aĢ une carence en S, reĢsultant probablement d'une surexpression des transporteurs racinaires de sulfate, confirmeĢe notamment par l'analyse ionomique de ligneĢes d'Arabidopsis knock-out sultr1;1 et sultr1;2. Une autre interaction originale, mais neĢgative, entre N et Na a eĢteĢ deĢmontreĢe suggeĢrant que le transport de Na pourrait eĢtre fonctionnellement lieĢ aĢ l'absorption de N. Cette hypotheĢse a eĢteĢ soutenue par lāanalyse ionomique des ligneĢes d'Arabidopsis knock-out pour les geĢnes codant les transporteurs de nitrate (nrt1.1 et nrt2.1). Ces interactions entre eĢleĢments ont conduit aĢ lāidentification des signatures ionomiques potentiellement speĢcifiques de chaque carence, qui ont eĢteĢ compareĢes entre les deux espeĢces veĢgeĢtales consideĢreĢes. Enfin, dans les racines de colzas carenceĢs en macroeĢleĢments, des processus moleĢculaires speĢcifiques et communs ont eĢteĢ identifieĢs en utilisant des approches transcriptomiques et meĢtabolomiques. Ces approches ont eĢgalement permis dāeĢtablir des listes de geĢnes diffeĢrentiellement exprimeĢs et des profils meĢtabolomiques speĢcifiques de chaque privation en macroeĢleĢments, susceptibles dāeĢtre utiliseĢs afin de diagnostiquer preĢcocement chaque carence nutritionnelle
Specificity and Plasticity of the Functional Ionome of Brassica napus and Triticum aestivum Subjected to Macronutrient Deprivation
The composition of the functional ionome was studied in Brassica napus and Triticum aestivum with respect to the response of 20 elements under macronutrient deprivation. Analysis of relative root contents showed that some nutrients, such as Fe, Ni, Cu, Na, V, and Co, were largely sequestered in roots. After 10 days of deprivation of each one of these 6 macronutrients, plant growth was similar to control plants, and this was probably the result of remobilization from roots (Mg and Ca) or old leaves (N, P, K, S). Some tissue concentrations and net nutrient uptakes into roots were either decreased or increased, revealing multiple interactions (93 in wheat, 66 in oilseed rape) that were common to both species (48) or were species specific. While some interactions have been previously described (increased uptake of Na under K deficiency; or increased uptake of Mo and Se under S deficiency), a number of new interactions were found and some key mechanisms underlying their action have been proposed from analysis of Arabidopsis mutants. For example, nitrate uptake seemed to be functionally linked to Na(influx, while the uptake of vanadium was probably mediated by sulfate transporters whose expression was stimulated during S deprivation