Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile fraction of Anthriscus nemorosa (Bieb.) Sprengel (Umbelliferae)

Anthriscus nemorosa (Bieb.) Sprengel (Umbelliferae) is a nitrophile pererurial with a long, stout root. This plant occurs in the temperate area of Eurasia [l], from ltaly on the west to Japan on the East. The species is a member of A. sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. complex [2]. In Serbia, it usually inhabits the shady herbaceous layer in thermophilous forests and underbrush vegetation at the lower altitudes. It prefers moderately wet, steep, stony and eroded slopes. From methanol extract of the roots of A. nemorosa two lignan lactones (savinin, and nemerosin) were isolated [3]. We investigated composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from the roots of this plant. Plant material was collected in Sićevača gorge (E. Serbia), in July 2007. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The roots yielded 0.2% w/w of light yellow oil with aromatic smell. The main constituents of the oil were: n-nonane (12.1%), n-hexadecanol (6.9%), δ-cadinene (6.4%), β-pinene (6.0%) and germacrene D (5.4%). The essential oil from roots of A. nemorosa differed from the root oil of the closely related species A. sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. which was dominated by β-phellandrene (45.4%), Z-β-ocimene (16.9%), and α-pinene (4.6%) [4]. The microbial growth inhibitory properties of isolated essential oil were determined using the broth microdilution method [5] against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and a yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 10259 and ATCC 24433). The best inhibitory effect was detected against B. subtilis (MIC 6.25 µg/ml) and C. albicans (ATCC 10259) (MIC 50 µg/ml). References: [1] Nikolić, V. (1973): Anthriscus Pers. In: Josifović, M. (ed.): Flora SR Srbije 5: 334-338. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, Beograd.; [2] Cannon, J.F.M. (1968): Anthriscus Pers. In: Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (eds): Flora Europaea 2: 326. University Press, Cambridge.; [3] Turabelidze, D.G., Mikaya, G.A., Kemertelidze, Vul"fson, N.S. (1982) Bioorg. Khim. 8: 695-701.; [4] Bos, R., Koulman, A., Woerdenbag, H.J., Quax, W.J., Pras, N. (2002) J. Chromatogr. A 966: 233-238.; [5] Candan, F., Unlq M., Tepe, 8., Daferera, D., Polissiou, M., Sdkmen, A., Akpulat, A. (2003) J. Ethnopharmacol. 87: 215-220.The 80th anniversary of the publication of Turrill’s “Plant life of the Balkan peninsula

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil from Chaerophyllum aureum L. (Apiaceae)

The essential oils of the aerial parts and fruits of Chaerophyllum aureum L., collected from two Mountains in Serbia, were analyzed by GC and GUMS. Sabinene (18.5-31.6%), p-cymene (7.9-25.4%) and limonene (1.9-10.9%) were characterized as the main constituents. The oils were tested against six bacterial strains and one strain of yeast, Candida albicans. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Micrococcus luteus, while of the Gram-negative strains, Escherichia coli was the most sensitive

Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from the underground parts of Laserpitium zernyi Hayek (Apiaceae)

Laserpitium zernyi Hayek is Scardo-Pindic endemic plant distributed in the mountain regions of C. Balkans. It was treated earlier as a subspecies, L. siler L. subsp. zernyi (Hayek) Tutin [1,2]. Root of L. siler is traditionally used as tonic, diuretic, emenagogue, in gynecology and externally for toothache treatments [3]. Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from the underground parts (roots and rhizomes) of L. zernyi were investigated. Air-dried and powdered plant material was hydrodistilled using n-hexane as a collecting solvent. Pale blue oil yielded 1.2l% (w/w). The essential oil was analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Forty-three compounds were identified (94.3% of total oil). Oil was characterised by similar content of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes (52.9% and 41.4%, respectively). The main constituents were α-pinene (3 1.6%) and α-bisabolol (30.9%). The antimicrobial activity was tested using the microdillution method [4] against Gram(+) bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Gram(-) bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIMB 9111, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and two strains of yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 10259 and 24433). Laserpitium zernyi oil showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC 31.83 µg/ml), S. aureus and Micrococcus luteus (MICs 63.67 µg/ml). For all other tested microorganisms MIC values were higher than 100.00 µg /ml. The studied essential oil isolated from the underground parts of L. zernyi had a remarkably different composition than the previously tested oils from flower and herb of this plant, and also showed a much higher antimicrobial activity [5].The 80th anniversary of the publication of Turrill’s “Plant life of the Balkan peninsula

CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF URGINEA MARITIMA BAKER

IN THIS THESIS SAMPLES OF SCILLA MARITIMA (L) COLLECTED IN ATHENS, HAVE BEEN ANALYZED. THE RESEARCH ON THE CONSTITUENTS HAS BEEN PERFORMED IN TWO STAGES. A.PRELIMINARY TESTS. THE FOLLOWING GROUPS OF SUBSTANCES HAVE BEEN DETECTED: FREE SUGARS, MUCILAGE, AMINO ACIDS, TANNINS, POLYPHENOLS (FLAVONOIDS, PHENOLIC ACIDS). TESTS FOR SAPONIM, TRITERPENIC ACIDS AND ALKALOIDS WERE NOT CONCLUSIVE. B. MAIN RESEARCH. A. IN THE PETROLEUM ETHER EXTRACT HAVE BEEN ISOLATED (AFTER SAPONIFICATION) AND IDENTIFIED; B. SITOSTEROL AND B-CAROTENE (IN THE UNSAPONIFIABLE MATTER), PALMITIC, PALMITOLEIC, STEARIC, OLEIC, LINOLEIC, AND LINOLENICACIDS. (SHORTENED)ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΧΗΜΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΣΥΣΤΑΤΙΚΩΝ ΤΟΥ ΦΥΤΟΥ SCILLA MARITIMA L., ΠΟΥ ΦΥΕΤΑΙΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ ΔΙΑΠΙΣΤΩΘΗΚΑΝ ΤΑ ΕΞΗΣ: Α. ΠΡΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΕΡΕΥΝΕΣ. ΔΙΑΠΙΣΤΩΘΗΚΕ ΗΥΠΑΡΞΗ ΤΩΝ ΚΑΤΩΘΙ ΟΜΑΔΩΝ: 1. ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΩΝ ΣΑΚΧΑΡΩΝ. 2. ΒΛΕΝΝΑΣ, ΠΟΥ ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ ΑΠΟ ΓΛΥΚΟΣΗ, ΞΥΛΟΣΗ, ΜΑΝΝΟΣΗ. 3. ΑΜΙΝΟΞΕΩΝ. 4. ΤΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ. 5. ΠΟΛΥΦΑΙΝΟΛΙΚΩΝ ΕΝΩΣΕΩΝ (ΦΛΑΒΟΝΟΕΙΔΗ, ΦΑΙΝΟΛΟΞΕΑ). Η ΑΝΙΧΝΕΥΣΗ ΣΑΠΩΝΙΚΩΝ ΤΡΙΤΕΡΠΕΝΙΚΩΝ ΟΥΣΙΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΑΛΚΑΛΟΕΙΔΩΝ ΑΠΕΒΗ ΑΡΝΗΤΙΚΗ. Β. ΚΥΡΙΩΣ ΕΡΕΥΝΑ: Α. ΣΤΟ ΠΕΤΡΕΛΑΙΚΟΑΙΘΕΡΙΚΟ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΜΑ ΜΕΤΑ ΑΠΟ ΣΑΠΩΝΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΒΡΕΘΗΚΑΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΣΤΗΚΑΝ. ΣΤΑ ΑΣΑΠΩΝΟΠΟΙΗΤΑ Η Β-ΑΤΟΣΤΕΡΟΛΗ ΚΑΙ ΤΟ Β-ΚΑΡΟΤΕΝΙΟ, ΣΤΑ ΣΑΠΩΝΟΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΑ ΤΑ ΛΙΠΑΡΑ ΟΞΕΑ: ΜΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΟ, ΠΑΛΜΙΤΙΚΟ, ΠΑΛΜΙΤΕΛΑΙΚΟ, ΣΤΕΑΤΙΚΟ, ΕΛΑΙΚΟ, ΛΙΝΕΛΑΙΚΟ ΚΑΙ ΛΙΝΟΛΕΝΙΚΟ. (ΠΕΡΙΚΟΠΗ

Composition and Antifungal Activity of the Oil from Aerial Parts and Rhizomes of Valeriana dioscoridis from Greece

The essential oils from aerial parts and rhizomes of Valeriana dioscoridis Sibth. et Sm. were investigated by GC/MS. The major components, among the identified 55, were patchouli alcohol (13.4% and 15.7%, respectively), α-pinene (6.7% and 8.6%, respectively), and β-pinene (5.8% and 7.0%, respectively). Furthermore, the antifungal activity of the oil from rhizomes and its main component patchouli alcohol was evaluated. The essential oil tested showed higher antifungal properties than patchouli alcohol. The commercial fungicide Bifonazole, which was used as a control, showed lower antifungal potential than the oil and patchouli alcohol investigated

Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Achillea coarctata Essential Oils from Greece

The essential oils of the inflorescences and leaves of Achillea coarctata Poir. (Compositae) growing spontaneous in Greece were obtained through hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Both oils were characterized by the abundance of oxygenated monoterpenes with 1,8-cineole (26.9% and 29.1%, respectively), camphor (22.1%, 9.2%) and borneol (5.0%, 6.8%) being the major constituents. Their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains and the yeast Candida albicans was determined

Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Laserpitium latifolium L. and L. ochridanum MICEVSKI (Apiaceae)

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Laserpitium latifolium and L. ochridanum were investigated. The essential oils were isolated by steam distillation and characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. All essential oils were distinguished by high contents of monoterpenes, and alpha-pinene was the most abundant compound in the essential oils of L. latifolium underground parts and fruits (contents of 44.4 and 44.0%, resp.). The fruit essential oil was also rich in sabinene (26.8%). Regarding the L. ochridanum essential oils, the main constituents were limonene in the fruit oil (57.7%) and sabinene in the herb oil (25.9%). The antimicrobial activity of these essential oils as well as that of L. ochridanum underground parts, whose composition was reported previously, was tested by the broth-microdilution method against four Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria and two Candida albicans strains. Except the L. latifolium underground-parts essential oil, the other investigated oils showed a high antimicrobial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, or Candida albicans (minimal inhibitory concentrations of 13.0-73.0 mu g/ml), comparable to or even higher than that of thymol, which was used as reference compound

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Anthriscus nemorosa Root Essential Oil

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the roots of Anthriscus nemorosa (Bieb.) Sprengel (Umbelliferae) was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Among sixty-two compounds identified (representing 89.0% of the total oil), the main components were: n-nonane (12.1%), n-hexadecanol (6.9%), delta-cadinene (6.4%), beta-pinene (6.0%) and germacrene D (5.4%). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and a yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 10259 and ATCC 24433) using the broth microdilution method