Politiques européennes d’abonnement et de souscription aux périodiques électroniques (les)

Mémoire de fin d\u27étude du diplôme de conservateur, promotion DCB17, portant sur les politiques européennes et les attentes institutionnelles en matière d’abonnement et de souscription aux périodiques électroniques

La muraille almohade d’Alcácer do Sal au Portugal. Les graffites (1)

Some graffiti dating back to Almohad period (1191-1217) have been identified in one of the towers of the city walls of Alcacer do Sal, Portugal. They constitute an exceptional dataset in Eastern al-Andalus and allow an excellent approximation to the events that occurred during the last decades of the existence of the Muslim city on the banks of river Sado, just before the Portuguese conquest in 1217. This paper relies on a general review of the historical context of the site, followed by a more detailed survey on the Muslim period, ending with the analysis of a number of graffiti that have appeared as the most characteristic of the field. We also present a map of the Iberian Peninsula, that of Ibn Hawqal, a X century Arab geographer, which mentions the name of the site Alcácer. However, as our reading is not the same as the usual reading of this text, a new hypothesis is advanced suggesting the existence of a different but also used place name in medieval times.Algunos grafitos de cronología almohade (1191-1217) se han identificado en una de las torres del recinto amurallado de Alcácer do Sal, en Portugal. Constituyen un conjunto de datos excepcionales en el Ġarb al-Andalus y permiten una excelente aproximación a los acontecimientos que se produjeron durante las últimas décadas de existencia de la ciudad musulmana de las orillas del Sado en vísperas de la conquista portuguesa de 1217. Se apoya el artículo en una revisión general del contexto histórico del yacimiento, seguida de una parte más detallada sobre el periodo musulmán y termina con el análisis de cierto número de grafitos que nos han aparecido como los más característicos del campo gliptográfico en cuestión. Adjunto publicamos un mapa de la Península Ibérica, el de Ibn Ḥawqal, geógrafo árabe del siglo X, en el que se menciona el nombre del emplazamiento de Alcácer. Ahora bien, la lectura en él dada difiere de la habitualmente conocida, lo que plantea la hipótesis de la existencia de un topónimo distinto pero usado igualmente en la época medieval

Resveratrol Decreases TXNIP mRNA and Protein Nuclear Expressions With an Arterial Function Improvement in Old Mice

Aging leads to a high prevalence of glucose intolerance and cardiovascular diseases, with oxidative stress playing a potential role. Resveratrol has shown promising effects on glucose tolerance and tends to improve endothelial function in elderly patients. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was recently proposed as a potential link connecting glucose metabolism to oxidative stress. Here, we investigated the resveratrol-induced improvement of arterial aging phenotype in old mice and the expression of aortic TXNIP. Using an in vivo model of old mice with or without 3-month resveratrol treatment, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on age-related impairments from a cardiovascular Doppler analysis, to a molecular level, by studying inflammation and oxidative stress factors. We found a dual effect of resveratrol, with a decrease of age-related glucose intolerance and oxidative stress imbalance leading to reduced matrix remodeling that forestalls arterial aging phenotype in terms of intima-media thickness and arterial distensibility. These results provide the first evidence that aortic TXNIP mRNA and protein nuclear expressions are increased in the arterial aging and decreased by resveratrol treatment. In conclusion, we demonstrated that resveratrol helped to restore several aging impaired processes in old mice, with a decrease of aortic TXNIP mRNA and protein nuclear expression

High-protein-low-carbohydrate diet: deleterious metabolic and cardiovascular effects depend on age

High-protein-low-carbohydrate (HP-LC) diets have become widespread. Yet their deleterious consequences, especially on glucose metabolism and arteries, have already been underlined. Our previous study (2) has already shown glucose intolerance with major arterial dysfunction in very old mice subjected to an HP-LC diet. The hypothesis of this work was that this diet had an age-dependent deleterious metabolic and cardiovascular outcome. Two groups of mice, young and adult (3 and 6 mo old), were subjected for 12 wk to a standard or to an HP-LC diet. Glucose and lipid metabolism was studied. The cardiovascular system was explored from the functional stage with Doppler-echography to the molecular stage (arterial reactivity, mRNA, immunohistochemistry). Young mice did not exhibit any significant metabolic modification, whereas adult mice presented marked glucose intolerance associated with an increase in resistin and triglyceride levels. These metabolic disturbances were responsible for cardiovascular damages only in adult mice, with decreased aortic distensibility and left ventricle dysfunction. These seemed to be the consequence of arterial dysfunctions. Mesenteric arteries were the worst affected with a major oxidative stress, whereas aorta function seemed to be maintained with an appreciable role of cyclooxygenase-2 to preserve endothelial function. This study highlights for the first time the age-dependent deleterious effects of an HP-LC diet on metabolism, with glucose intolerance and lipid disorders and vascular (especially microvessels) and cardiac functions. This work shows that HP-LC lead to equivalent cardiovascular alterations, as observed in very old age, and underlines the danger of such diet