55 research outputs found

    Excess-entropy scaling in supercooled binary mixtures

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    Supercooled liquids near the glass transition show remarkable non-Arrhenius transport phenomena, whose origin is yet to be clarified. Here, the authors use GPU molecular dynamics simulations for various binary mixtures in the supercooled regime to show the validity of a quasiuniversal excess-entropy scaling relation for viscosity and diffusion

    Earth dams: Damage mechanisms and limit states in seismic conditions

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    The paper summarizes the main damage mechanisms suffered by earth dams under both strong earthquakes and normal operation to identify the limit states that should be taken into account for dam seismic safety assessment. In addressing limit states, a distinction is made between seismic and post-seismic stages. The limit state of global instability under the effects of inertial loads is considered both in the seismic stage, taking into account the favourable contributions of ground motion asynchronism and during the post-seismic stages, when excess pore water pressures induced by seismic shaking and by a possible rapid drawdown could affect dam behaviour. The limit state of dam freeboard loss is then dealt with, showing the importance of estimating settlement rates during the seismic and post-seismic stages. Third, the limit state of water-tightness loss is discussed with reference to seismic-induced strain concentration or stress changes. Finally, the risk of liquefaction within the embankment or in the foundation is considered, discussing how the phenomenon could be affected by changes in particle grading possibly experienced by coarse-grained materials during normal operation of the dam

    HLA-associated susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.

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    We studied HLA antigen distribution of 50 heterosexual partners of HIV+ drug abusers with more than 1 year of sexual exposure to HIV, 36 children born to seropositive mothers and 61 haemophiliac patients exposed to presumably infectious clotting factor concentrates. B52 and B44 antigens were associated with HIV resistance while B51 was associated with HIV susceptibility. Forty-nine HIV+ drug abusers, spouses of heterosexual partners studied and 25 HIV+ mothers of the children were also typed. DR11 phenotype was associated with infectiousness of HIV+ subjects. Our data suggest that the HLA region controls susceptibility to infection with HIV and infectiousness of HIV+ subjects in different risk groups
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