A sedimentary record of the environmental evolution and changes in trophic state of San Roque reservoir (Córdoba, Argentina) during the 20th–21st centuries

Paleolimnological studies have been widely used to establish the past conditions of lakes and reservoirs due to both anthropic impact and climatic influences. The San Roque reservoir (SRr) is located in a semiarid region of central Argentina and has reached a hypereutrophic state in the last two decades. The main aim of this study is to reconstruct the environmental history of the SRr. The sedimentological record of the SRr, along with its chronology, provides a detailed archive of environmental changes. The multi-proxy analysis of the paleolimnological record makes it possible to identify four main environmental stages throughout the history of the SRr, resulting from the action of natural and anthropic drivers. Stage 1 (1911–1958 CE) can be considered the environmental base level of the reservoir as anthropic activity then was the lowest of all the stages. Stage 2 (1958–1978 CE) represents an increase in the volume of the SRr as a result of the construction of a second dam, along with a generalized increase in regional precipitation at the end of the period. Stage 3 (1978–2000 CE) is characterized by an increase in the internal primary production (eutrophic state), mainly caused by an anthropic input of nutrients (e.g., sewage effluents) due to urban expansion in the fluvial catchment. Stage 4 (2000–2018 CE) corresponds to the highest trophic scenario in the SRr, which has led to a hypereutrophic state. This is mainly associated with the increase in urbanization throughout the catchment and, especially, in the littoral area of the reservoir. The environmental reconstruction indicates that the SRr has been impacted by different types of disturbances throughout its history, including an enlargement of its volume due to the construction of the second dam and the higher nutrient load resulting from the increased urbanization. In addition, the great hydroclimatic jump after the 70s may have influenced these processes. Our results mostly highlight that anthropic and natural forcing synergistically promoted the generalized degradation of SRr water quality. These results can provide tools for modeling future scenarios and improving watershed management policies.Fil: Mengo, Luciana del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Halac, Silvana Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Foray, Silvia Gabriela. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Costamagna, Ingrid. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Piovano, Eduardo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin

A sedimentary record of the environmental evolution and changes in trophic state of San Roque reservoir (Córdoba, Argentina) during the 20th–21st centuries

Paleolimnological studies have been widely used to establish the past conditions of lakes and reservoirs due to both anthropic impact and climatic influences. The San Roque reservoir (SRr) is located in a semiarid region of central Argentina and has reached a hypereutrophic state in the last two decades. The main aim of this study is to reconstruct the environmental history of the SRr. The sedimentological record of the SRr, along with its chronology, provides a detailed archive of environmental changes. The multi-proxy analysis of the paleolimnological record makes it possible to identify four main environmental stages throughout the history of the SRr, resulting from the action of natural and anthropic drivers. Stage 1 (1911–1958 CE) can be considered the environmental base level of the reservoir as anthropic activity then was the lowest of all the stages. Stage 2 (1958–1978 CE) represents an increase in the volume of the SRr as a result of the construction of a second dam, along with a generalized increase in regional precipitation at the end of the period. Stage 3 (1978–2000 CE) is characterized by an increase in the internal primary production (eutrophic state), mainly caused by an anthropic input of nutrients (e.g., sewage effluents) due to urban expansion in the fluvial catchment. Stage 4 (2000–2018 CE) corresponds to the highest trophic scenario in the SRr, which has led to a hypereutrophic state. This is mainly associated with the increase in urbanization throughout the catchment and, especially, in the littoral area of the reservoir. The environmental reconstruction indicates that the SRr has been impacted by different types of disturbances throughout its history, including an enlargement of its volume due to the construction of the second dam and the higher nutrient load resulting from the increased urbanization. In addition, the great hydroclimatic jump after the 70s may have influenced these processes. Our results mostly highlight that anthropic and natural forcing synergistically promoted the generalized degradation of SRr water quality. These results can provide tools for modeling future scenarios and improving watershed management policies

Forzantes ambientales intervinientes en la dinámica trófica de la Laguna del Plata (Córdoba)

El análisis de indicadores paleolimnológicos físicos, químicos y biológicos del registro sedimentario de Laguna del Plata (LdP), sistema de la Laguna Mar Chiquita (LMC) (Córdoba, Argentina), permitió reconstruir la variabilidad ambiental ocurrida en los últimos ca. 70 años y relacionarla con la variabilidad hidroclimática del sistema y con el impacto de las actividades antrópicas en la región. Se identificaron 4 escenarios con características ambientales diferentes. El incremento en las concentraciones de nutrientes determinado a partir del año 1984 en el registro sedimentario es sincrónico con el avance de la frontera agrícola en la región, la cual se expandió en la década de 1980. Además, los resultados muestran el control que ejerce la variabilidad hidroclimática sobre el ingreso de nutrientes a LdP permitiendo relacionar forzantes antrópicos y naturales. Asimismo, se observó que, durante períodos de alto impacto antrópico, la mayor disponibilidad de nutrientes es el factor que predomina en el control de la producción primaria de LdP.Este trabajo considera la acción simultánea de forzantes naturales y antrópicos, y aporta al entendimiento de la dinámica ambiental del sistema para los siglos XX y XXI. Por lo anterior, se considera que puede contribuir a la proyección y planeamiento de las actividades de la región.The study of paleolimnological proxies from the sedimentary record of Laguna del Plata (LdP), Lake Mar Chiquita System (LMC) (Córdoba, Argentina), allowed to reconstruct the environmental variability occurred in the last ca. 70 years and relate it to the hydroclimatic variability and to the agricultural activities impact in the area. Four scenarios with different environmental characteristics were identified. The nutrient concentration increase determined in the sedimentary record since 1984, is synchronous with the advance of the agricultural frontier in the region, which was expanded in the 1980s. Moreover, the results showed the control by the hydroclimatic variability on the nutrients input to LdP which allows to relate anthropic and natural forcing. Additionally, it was observed that during periods of high anthropic impact, primary production at LdP is mainly controlled by the high availability of nutrients.Fil: Costamagna, Ingrid. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Halac, Silvana Raquel. Secretaria de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación. Instituto Nacional del Agua y del Ambiente (Córdoba); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Marcia Andrea. Secretaria de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación. Instituto Nacional del Agua y del Ambiente (Córdoba); ArgentinaFil: Piovano, Eduardo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin

Reflexiones de un especialista en salud sobre las oportunidades políticas de sobrevivir a la crisis : Entrevista a José Carlos Escudero

El presente trabajo es una entrevista que se enmarca dentro de las producciones realizadas para la Revista “Voces Emergentes”, en su edición N° 3, cuyo Dossier está dedicado a la temática de Salud. En este sentido, decidimos entrevistar al médico sanitarista José Carlos Escudero, profesor emérito de la UNLP y diplomado en Estadísticas de Salud, con el fin de obtener una interpretación general acerca de los principales problemas de la salud en la actualidad, teniendo en cuenta las medidas oficiales y las discusiones que se generan en el escenario político nacional, como también la vinculación con el rol que ocupa el Trabajo Social en estos ámbitos.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

A sedimentary record of the environmental evolution and changes in trophic state of San Roque reservoir (Córdoba, Argentina) during the 20th–21st centuries

Paleolimnological studies have been widely used to establish the past conditions of lakes and reservoirs due to both anthropic impact and climatic influences. The San Roque reservoir (SRr) is located in a semiarid region of central Argentina and has reached a hypereutrophic state in the last two decades. The main aim of this study is to reconstruct the environmental history of the SRr. The sedimentological record of the SRr, along with its chronology, provides a detailed archive of environmental changes. The multi-proxy analysis of the paleolimnological record makes it possible to identify four main environmental stages throughout the history of the SRr, resulting from the action of natural and anthropic drivers. Stage 1 (1911–1958 CE) can be considered the environmental base level of the reservoir as anthropic activity then was the lowest of all the stages. Stage 2 (1958–1978 CE) represents an increase in the volume of the SRr as a result of the construction of a second dam, along with a generalized increase in regional precipitation at the end of the period. Stage 3 (1978–2000 CE) is characterized by an increase in the internal primary production (eutrophic state), mainly caused by an anthropic input of nutrients (e.g., sewage effluents) due to urban expansion in the fluvial catchment. Stage 4 (2000–2018 CE) corresponds to the highest trophic scenario in the SRr, which has led to a hypereutrophic state. This is mainly associated with the increase in urbanization throughout the catchment and, especially, in the littoral area of the reservoir. The environmental reconstruction indicates that the SRr has been impacted by different types of disturbances throughout its history, including an enlargement of its volume due to the construction of the second dam and the higher nutrient load resulting from the increased urbanization. In addition, the great hydroclimatic jump after the 70s may have influenced these processes. Our results mostly highlight that anthropic and natural forcing synergistically promoted the generalized degradation of SRr water quality. These results can provide tools for modeling future scenarios and improving watershed management policies.Fil: Mengo, Luciana del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Halac, Silvana Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Foray, Silvia Gabriela. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Costamagna, Ingrid. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Piovano, Eduardo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin

Deciphering the environmental drivers throughout the 20th and 21st centuries in the paleolimnological record of Laguna del Plata, Laguna Mar Chiquita system, Northern Pampean plain, Argentina

Laguna del Plata (LP) is a small, shallow hypereutrophic saline lake which is part of the hydrological system of Laguna Mar Chiquita (LMC) (Córdoba, Argentina). Environmental variability of LP occurred in the last ca. 80 years, was reconstructed through a multi-proxy approach in LP-17-I sedimentary core. The synchronic correspondence of lithological units and physicochemical proxies throughout the paleolimnological record made it possible to identify two main environmental stages. Stage I (1934–1977 CE) records a long drought resulting in low water levels and high-water salinities, while stage II (1977–2017 CE) records a humid phase, high water levels and low water salinity. In stage II we distinguish three sub-stages related to changes in the nutrient load: sub-stage II A (1977–1983 CE), sub-stage II B (1983–2010 CE) and sub-stage II C (2010–2017 CE). Sub-stage II A is characterized by an increase in TN, carbonates, TOC, CD and TC, related to humid context and reduced water salinities rather than anthropic influence. During sub-stage II B, there is a synchronous increase of nutrients and primary production proxies which matches the urban population growth of Córdoba city and the expansion of the agricultural activity after the 1980s, during a favorable hydroclimatic context. During sub-stage II C, the increase of nutrient and primary production proxies was maintained, despite water lake level variability, as a consequence of anthropic influence. Results show that regional hydroclimatic variability can act synergistically with anthropic influence ruling the nutrient fluxes to LP and therefore influencing the eutrophication and primary productivity of the lake. However, our results allowed us to distinguish that stage I and sub-stage II A were mainly dominated by hydroclimatic variability while sub-stage II B and sub-stage II C were mostly governed by anthropic influence. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of natural and anthropic drivers on the environmental dynamics of the LMC hydrological system during the 20th and 21st centuries. These results provide tools for planning activities and improving watershed management policies in the Pampean plain region of Argentina.Fil: Costamagna, Ingrid. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Halac, Silvana Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Pisani, Nerina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Marcia Andrea. Ministerio del Interior, Obras Públicas y Vivienda. Secretaría de Obras Públicas. Subsecretaría de Recursos Hídricos. Instituto Nacional del Agua y del Ambiente (Ezeiza); ArgentinaFil: Piovano, Eduardo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin

Procesos y metodologías participativas : reflexiones y experiencias para la transformación social

Las metodologías participativas de investigación y acción social - IAP con su fuerte propuesta epistemológica de investigar para la acción, y para y con sus actores sociales protagonistas- suman en este libro, en tiempos de su expansión, otro grano de arena con esta iniciativa. La obra refleja bien esa multiplicación y proliferación de su utilización, y a la vez pone sobre la mesa una vez más, también amenazas, límites y contradicciones de lo que se intenta hacer desde lo participativo. Los lectores podrán sondear el grado de los desfases, las continuidades y discontinuidades, las dicciones y contradicciones, los valores y ambivalencias, las emergencias de explicaciones que como obra heterogénea respecto a sus autores, localización de experiencias y procedencias, posicionamientos, y uso de las metodologías y técnicas participativas, el libro encierra en diálogo y disputa