Social Determinants of Influenza Illness and Outbreaks in the United States

Social determinants-such as education, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, access to health care services and vaccination, neighborhood-level stressors, and workplace or school policies-can impact influenza illness and outbreaks in the United States. To reduce transmission and disparities in influenza infection, policies should focus on removing existing vaccination barriers and supporting equitable social policies

“Señor de Sumalao” festivities in La Merced (Salta): sacralization practice, agencies and religious experience

en la primera expondremos una descripción de la “Fiesta Grande” y la “Fiesta Chica del Se- ñor de Sumalao”, desarrolladas en un área rural del municipio de La Merced (Salta-Argentina); en la segunda realizaremos un análisis del fenómeno religioso, presentando algunos aportes teórico-etnográficos. La descripción etnográfi ca se basará en el trabajo de campo realizado durante los últimos tres años, haciendo énfasis en los siguientes ejes: a) las diferencias observadas entre ambas fi estas; b) los gestos y actitudes religiosas de los asistentes; c) los testimonios de milagros y sanaciones; d) los relatos míticos; e) las miradas, discursos y prácticas institucionales; y f) el rol de las imágenes sagradas en el culto. Partiendo del concepto de “prácticas de sacralización” (Martin, 2007) discutiremos la perspectiva ‘durkheimniana’ acerca de lo “sagrado” y lo “profano” como categorías de análisis. Proponemos pensar este fenómeno religioso como un continuum de prácticas reguladas (institucionales) y des-reguladas (no-institucionales). Por otra parte, problematizaremos la relación entre objetos, sujetos y seres sobrenaturales, si guiendo a Latour (2008, 2007), postulando aquí también, una lectura desde el continuum de los tres elementos intervinientes en la experiencia religiosa de las personas que participan de estas Fiestas.Th is research consist of two parts: in the fi rst we will present a description of the “Fiesta Grande” and the “Fiesta Chica del Señor de Sumalao”, developed in a rural area of La Merced municipality (Salta-Argentina); in the second we will undertake an analysis of the religious phenomenon, presenting some theoretical-ethnographic contributions. Th e ethnographic description will be based on the fi eldwork realized during the last three years, putting emphasis on the following analytical foci: a) the diff erences observed between both days of celebration; b) the gestures and religious attitudes of the attendees; c) the testimonies of miracles and healings; d) the mythical stories; e) the points of view, discourses and institutional practices; and f) the role of sacred images in the cult. Departing from the concept of “practices of sacralization” (Martin, 2007), we will discuss the ‘durkheimian’ perspective concerning “the sacred and the profane” as categories of analysis. We propose to think about this religious phenomenon as a continuum of regulated (institutional) and de-regulated (non-institutional) practices. Moreover, we will problematize the relationship between objects, subjects and supernatural beings, following Latour (2008, 2007), postulating also a reading from the continuum of these three contributing elements involved in the religious experience of the participants in these Celebrations.Fil: Casimiro Cordoba, Ana Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigacines en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Cosso, Pablo E.. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Saiquita, Gerardo. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentin

Kant. Hermeneuta deontológico

 Este artículo tiene como objetivo rastrear la posibilidad de una hermenéutica en la filosofía crítica de Kant, especialmente en la lectura que hace este pensador de la tradición leibniziano-wolffiana en el contexto de su disputa con Eberhard acerca de la originalidad de la Crítica de la Razón Pura.Palabras clave: Hermenéutica, Kant, Leibniz, Eberhard, SchleiermacherAbstract:This article aims to trace the possibility of a hermeneutics in the critical philosophy of Kant, especially in reading he makes of the leibnizian-wolffian tradition in the context of his dispute with Eberhard about the originality of the Critique of Pure Reason.Keywords: Hermeneutics, Kant, Leibniz, Eberhard, Schleiermacher</p

Olefin Purification and Selective Hydrogenation of Alkynes with Low Loaded Pd Nanoparticle Catalysts

The catalytic performance of Pd-nanoparticle catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of alkynes at mild conditions (150 kPa and 303 K) was evaluated. A Lindlar commercial catalyst was also tested for comparison. The effects of acidity, amount of active sites and dispersion on the catalytic activity and selectivity were studied. At mild conditions, Pd-nanoparticle catalysts were considerably more active and slightly more selective than the Lindlar catalyst. The best synthesized catalyst for the purification of 1-pentene was Pd/Al2O3-Mg (r0 = 41.1 mol gPd–1 min–1, 94% selectivity). The activity and selectivity of Pd/CaCO3 were similar to those of the Lindlar catalyst. The smallest particle sizes (3–4.5 nm) favored the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen over Pd° active sites and a good catalytic behavior. The weaker acid centers (Lewis) of Pd/Al2O3-Mg and Pd/CaCO3 favored higher selectivities to the desired alkene. Pd/Al2O3 was the most active catalyst but also the least selective. This was due to strong acid sites, remnant Bronsted acid sites, which provide extra hydrogen that favors the alkyne hydrogenation rate and also the undesired overhydrogenation of the alkene and/or the isomerization.The financial support provided by UNL (Grants CAI+D 50420150100074LI and 50420150100028LI), CONICET (Grant PIP 11220130100457CO), and ANPCyT (Grant PICT 2016 1453) are acknowledged

Persistent socioeconomic and racial and ethnic disparities in pathogen burden in the United States, 1999-2014

The disproportionate burden of prevalent, persistent pathogens among disadvantaged groups may contribute to socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in long-term health. We assessed if the social patterning of pathogen burden changed over 16 years in a U.S.-representative sample. Data came from 17 660 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants. Pathogen burden was quantified by summing the number of positive serologies for cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus-1, HSV-2, human papillomavirus and Toxoplasma gondii and dividing by the number of pathogens tested, giving a percent-seropositive for each participant. We examined sex- and age-adjusted mean pathogen burdens from 1999-2014, stratified by race/ethnicity and SES (poverty-to-income ratio (PIR); educational attainment). Those with a PIR 3.5, with no change over time. Educational disparities were even greater and showed some evidence of increasing over time, with the mean pathogen burden among those with less than a high school education approximately twice that of those who completed more than high school. Non-Hispanic Black, Mexican American and other Hispanic participants had a mean pathogen burden 1.3-1.9 times non-Hispanic Whites. We demonstrate that socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in pathogen burden have persisted across 16 years, with little evidence that the gap is closing

Caracterização de amido de pinhão modificado com soluções de ácido clorídrico 0,1 e 0,2M em presença de etanol e metanol.

O amido de pinhão possui propriedades interessantes, porém pouco foi estudado até o momento. Proveniente do Sul do Brasil, a semente da Araucária angustifolia serve de alimento para diversas culturas da região. Os amidos nativos de diversas fontes botânicas possuem características de interesse industrial, porém algumas só são adquiridas ou melhoradas mediante a aplicação de agentes que modifiquem as estruturas originais dos grânulos, como ácidos e oxidantes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar propriedades do amido de pinhão nativo e este modificado, utilizando ácido clorídrico 0,1M e 0,2M, em meio etanólico e metanólico. Pelas curvas DSC foi possível determinar as temperaturas ?onset?, de pico e de conclusão do processo de gelatinização das amostras, além de se determinar a entalpia envolvida no processo. Pelas imagens NC-AFM pode-se medir o tamanho dos grânulos dos amidos e a rugosidade dos mesmos antes e após as modificações. Por meio da técnica TG-DTG, foi possível observar um perfil de perda de massa semelhante para todas as amostras, com 3 etapas definidas, sendo a 1ª referente à desidratação da amostra e a 2ª e 3ª referente à decomposição da matéria orgânica à cinzas. Através da análise de propriedade de pasta (RVA) se observou o perfil reológico das amostras, podendo determinar temperatura de pico, viscosidade final e retrogradação.CBRATEC

The legacy of redlining in the effect of foreclosures on Detroit residents’ self-rated health

Historical practices, such as housing discrimination in Detroit, have been shown to have lasting impacts on communities. Perhaps the most explicit example is the practice of redlining in the 1930s, whereby lenders outlined financially undesirable neighborhoods, populated by minority families, on maps and prevented residents from moving to better resourced neighborhoods. Awareness of historical housing discrimination may improve research assessing the impacts of current neighborhood characteristics on health. Using the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study (DNHS), we assessed the association between two-year changes in home foreclosure rates following the 2007–2008 Great Recession, and residents’ five-year self-rated health trajectories (2008–2013); and estimated the confounding bias introduced by ignoring historical redlining practices in the city. We used both ecological and multilevel models to make inference about person- and community-level processes. In a neighborhood-level linear regression adjusted for confounders (including percent redlined); a 10%-point slower foreclosure rate recovery was associated with an increase in prevalence of poor self-rated health of 0.31 (95% CI:−0.02 to 0.64). At the individual level, it was associated with a within-person increase in probability of poor health of 0.45 (95% CI:0.15–0.72). Removing redlining from the model biased the estimated effect upward to 0.38 (95% CI:0.07–0.69) and 0.56 (95% CI:0.21–0.84) in the neighborhood and individual-level models, respectively. Stratum-specific foreclosure recovery effects indicate stronger influence in neighborhoods with a greater proportion of residents identifying as white and a greater degree of historic redlining. These findings support earlier theory suggesting a historical influence of structural discrimination on the association between current neighborhood characteristics and health, and suggests that historical redlining specifically may increase vulnerability to contemporary neighborhood foreclosures. Community interventions should consider historical discrimination in conjunction with current place-based indicators to more equitably improve population health

Análise térmica de diferentes amostras de amido de pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia) de diferentes regiões do sul do Brasil.

As sementes da Araucaria angustifolia, no Brasil conhecidas como ?pinhão? e são uma boa uma fonte de carboidratos complexos (100 gramas de semente contêm 36% de amido). Nesse estudo três amostras de pinhão, obtidas de diferentes regiões foram estudadas. As técnicas termoanalíticas DSC (em diferentes concentrações de água) e MEV foram usadas para caracterizar as amostras.Edição dos Anais do 7º Simpósio de Análise Térmica, 2015, Bauru

Thermal tool in the evaluation of the "pinhão'' (seed of Araucaria angustifolia) starch aimed agroindustrial process.

''Pinhão'' is an important source of food for inhabitants in the subtropical region of South America. Gelatinization temperatures for ''pinhão'' are smaller than for corn and cassava starches, bringing advantages in industrial processes. The ''pinhão'' starches of the 4 different provenances were subjected to dilutions of 1:4, 1:5 e 1:6, in water. The starches were evaluated using DSC to determine gelatinization characteristics of them. The results showed that the source and dilutions have influence in the gelation process of the starch.Edição dos Anais do 7º Simpósio de Análise Térmica, 2015, Bauru

Riego de pastos. Cartilla 7

La cartilla describe el concepto de riego de pastos, su importancia, frecuencia y los métodos de riego por inundación y por aspersión, las ventajas y limitaciones de cada uno, materiales empleados, maquinaria y procesos empleadosThe book describes the concept of pasture irrigation, its importance, frequency and methods of irrigation by flood and sprinkler, the advantages and limitations of each one, materials used, machinery and processes usedConcepto -- 2. Frecuencia del riego en pastos -- 3. Métodos de riego : por inundación -- Riego por aspersión48 página