Errata do Artigo: Desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de noni cultivadas em diferentes substratos

No artigo “Desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de noni cultivadas em diferentes substratos”, os autores relataram que, esqueceram o nome de um co-autor: Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho

Nodal segments and zygotic embryos in culture media for the in vitro propagation of tamarind

There has been a lack of research on the propagation methods of tamarind, hindering the availability and supply of its products. Considering the nutraceutical potential of tamarind and the long-time required to initiate production, this study aimed to evaluate the establishment of nodal segments and the germination of in vitro zygotic embryos of tamarind plants in culture media, salt concentrations, and activated charcoal, aiming at the establishment of an in vitro propagation protocol. For this purpose, MS and WPM media with 25, 50, 75 and 100% salt concentrations were used both with and without activated charcoal (2 g L-1) for the inoculation of nodal segments and zygotic embryos of tamarind. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 2 x 4 x 2 factorial scheme (culture media x salt concentrations x activated charcoal) with 20 replications. It was observed that the in vitro establishment of tamarind nodal segments is viable when using the MS medium with 75% of salts plus 2 g L-1 of activated charcoal and that for the germination of zygotic embryos there was no influence of the treatments. It was also observed that in order to increase the length of the formed plantlets, the MS and WPM media can be employed with 75% of salts.There has been a lack of research on the propagation methods of tamarind, hindering the availability and supply of its products. Considering the nutraceutical potential of tamarind and the long-time required to initiate production, this study aimed to evaluate the establishment of nodal segments and the germination of in vitro zygotic embryos of tamarind plants in culture media, salt concentrations, and activated charcoal, aiming at the establishment of an in vitro propagation protocol. For this purpose, MS and WPM media with 25, 50, 75 and 100% salt concentrations were used both with and without activated charcoal (2 g L-1) for the inoculation of nodal segments and zygotic embryos of tamarind. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 2 x 4 x 2 factorial scheme (culture media x salt concentrations x activated charcoal) with 20 replications. It was observed that the in vitro establishment of tamarind nodal segments is viable when using the MS medium with 75% of salts plus 2 g L-1 of activated charcoal and that for the germination of zygotic embryos there was no influence of the treatments. It was also observed that in order to increase the length of the formed plantlets, the MS and WPM media can be employed with 75% of salts

Desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de noni cultivadas em diferentes substratos

O noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) é uma espécie de grande importância medicinal que possui ampla distribuição pelo mundo. Suas propriedades fitoterápicas englobam dentre várias utilidades, o tratamento de diabetes, hipertensão, alergias, depressão e câncer. Apesar do sucesso da planta, ainda são escassas as informações a respeito de suas características agronômicas no Brasil e com isso, a produção de mudas de qualidade, torna-se um desafio. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho, avaliar os efeitos de composições de substratos na produção de mudas de noni. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação (Pad&Fan) da UNESP, Câmpus de Ilha Solteira - SP, no período de 16 de setembro a 16 de dezembro de 2014, sendo o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, composto por 4 tratamentos com 6 repetições de 4 plantas. Os substratos utilizados foram: S1 - solo + areia (1:1); S2 - solo + areia + matéria orgânica (1:1:1); S3 - solo + matéria orgânica (1:1); S4 - solo + areia (1:1) + Osmocote® 15-09-12 (4,0 g L-1). Avaliou-se: comprimento de parte aérea (CPA), diâmetro de caule (DC), relação comprimento de parte aérea/diâmetro de caule (RCPA/DC) e índice SPAD. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão utilizando o programa SISVAR 5.3 para análise dos dados e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5 % de probabilidade. Concluiu-se que o melhor substrato para a formação de mudas de noni foi substrato S4, pois proporcionou maior CPA, DC, índice SPAD e valores ideais para RCPA/DC

Rendimento agronômico e propriedades de amido de cultivares de banana

The objective of this work was to evaluate the banana cultivars for their agronomic yield and starch characteristics. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with a factorial arrangement of two cultivars ('BRS Conquista' and 'BRS Platina') and two crop cycles, with three plants per treatment, and five replicates. Fruit yield and starch quality were evaluated. 'BRS Conquista' showed smaller fruit; however, it had a greater marketable bunch weight and yield than 'BRS Platina'. Starches differed for the main physicochemical characteristics, except for X-ray diffraction pattern (B type) and phosphorus content (0.0058−0.0060%). 'BRS Platina' stood out for its higher content of resistant starch (74.55%) that differed from the starch isolated from 'BRS Conquista'. However, the starch of 'BRS Conquista' showed the following characteristics: larger granules (34.74 µm), with greater crystallinity (33.64%); less swelling power and solubility (26.77 g g-1 and 19.21%, respectively); and greater breakdown, setback and final viscosity (67.06, 182.42, and 341.39 RVU, respectively). 'BRS Conquista' shows favorable production characteristics for processing to obtain starch. The higher resistant starch content of 'BRS Platina' may commercially justify its lower agronomic yield. Starches of the two cultivars show desirable characteristics for different industrial applications.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar cultivares de bananeira quanto aos seus rendimentos agronômicos e características de amido. O experimento foi realizado em blocos ao acaso, com arranjo fatorial de duas cultivares ('BRS Conquista' e 'BRS Platina') e dois ciclos da cultura, com três plantas por tratamento e cinco repetições. Avaliaram-se a produção e a qualidade do amido dos frutos. 'BRS Conquista' apresentou frutos menores; no entanto, mostrou maior massa comercial e produtividade do cacho do que 'BRS Platina'. Os amidos diferiram quanto às principais características físico-químicas, exceto quanto ao padrão de difração de raios X (tipo B) e teor de fósforo (0,0058−0,0060%). 'BRS Platina' destacou-se por seu maior teor de amido resistente (74,55%) que diferiu do amido isolado de 'BRS Conquista'. No entanto, o amido de 'BRS Conquista' apresentou as seguintes características: grânulos maiores (34,74 µm), com maior cristalinidade (33,64%); menor poder de inchamento e solubilidade (26,77 g g-1 e 19,21%, respectivamente); e maiores quebra de viscosidade, tendência à retrogradação e viscosidade final (67,06, 182,42 e 341,39 RVU, respectivamente). 'BRS Conquista' mostra características de produção favoráveis ao processamento para extração de amido. O maior teor de amido resistente de 'BRS Platina' pode justificar comercialmente sua menor produção agronômica. Os amidos das duas cultivares apresentam características desejáveis para aplicações industriais diversas

Nodal segments and zygotic embryos in culture media for the in vitro propagation of tamarind

There has been a lack of research on the propagation methods of tamarind, hindering the availability and supply of its products. Considering the nutraceutical potential of tamarind and the long-time required to initiate production, this study aimed to evaluate the establishment of nodal segments and the germination of in vitro zygotic embryos of tamarind plants in culture media, salt concentrations, and activated charcoal, aiming at the establishment of an in vitro propagation protocol. For this purpose, MS and WPM media with 25, 50, 75 and 100% salt concentrations were used both with and without activated charcoal (2 g L-1) for the inoculation of nodal segments and zygotic embryos of tamarind. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 2 x 4 x 2 factorial scheme (culture media x salt concentrations x activated charcoal) with 20 replications. It was observed that the in vitro establishment of tamarind nodal segments is viable when using the MS medium with 75% of salts plus 2 g L-1 of activated charcoal and that for the germination of zygotic embryos there was no influence of the treatments. It was also observed that in order to increase the length of the formed plantlets, the MS and WPM media can be employed with 75% of salts

Cobertura do cacho de banana: avaliação de materiais promissores para os sacos

Now days there has been an increase in the consumers demand for great food, produced in environmentally cost-effective and friendly processes, being increasingly necessary new cultivation techniques able to ensure the required standards for banana growers and consumers. Therefore, the research aimed to evaluate the effects of bunch cover materials on development and quality of ‘BRS Platina’ banana fruits. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with six treatments, four replications and four plants per plot, being the treatments: WB – without bagging; BBTK – black polypropylene bag (TNT) + kraft paper; BBPK - black polyethilene bag + kraft paper; KP – kraft paper; WBT – non-woven polypropylene white bag (TNT) and WBP - white polyethylene plastic bag. The ‘BRS Platina’ banana bunches cover improved fruits quality and the treatment polyethylene white bag (WBP) can be an advantageous option for the banana growers because of its effectiveness on the reduction of damages caused by flowers thrips (Frankliniella spp), providing a good agronomic performance and also does not delay the harvesting.Hoje em dia tem havido um aumento na demanda dos consumidores por bons alimentos produzidos de maneira ambientalmente correta e economicamente viável, sendo cada vez mais necessárias novas técnicas de cultivo capazes de garantir os padrões exigidos pelos produtores e consumidores de banana. Portanto, a pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos dos materiais de cobertura dos cachos no desenvolvimento e na qualidade de frutos de bananeira ‘BRS Platina’. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos, quatro repetições e quatro plantas por parcela, sendo os tratamentos: WB - sem ensacamento; BBTK - saco de polipropileno preto (TNT) + papel kraft; BBPK - saco de polietileno preto + papel kraft; KP - papel kraft; WBT - saco plástico de polipropileno não tecido (TNT) e WBP - saco plástico de polietileno branco. O ensacamento dos cachos de banana 'BRS Platina' melhoram a qualidade dos frutos e o tratamento com saco branco de polietileno (WBP) pode ser uma opção vantajosa para os bananicultores, por sua eficácia na redução de danos causados ​​pelo tripes de flores (Frankliniella spp), proporcionando um boa desempenho agronômico, além de não retardar a colheita