16,578 research outputs found
Radiation damage in GaAs solar cells
Recent results of electron and proton irradiation and annealing of GaAs solar cells are presented along with some implications of these results. A comparison between the energy-levels produced by protons and by electrons which are not stopped in the material indicate that the damage produced by protons and electrons may be qualitatively different. Thus, annealing of proton damage may be very different from the annealing of electron damage
Principles of Antifragile Software
The goal of this paper is to study and define the concept of "antifragile
software". For this, I start from Taleb's statement that antifragile systems
love errors, and discuss whether traditional software dependability fits into
this class. The answer is somewhat negative, although adaptive fault tolerance
is antifragile: the system learns something when an error happens, and always
imrpoves. Automatic runtime bug fixing is changing the code in response to
errors, fault injection in production means injecting errors in business
critical software. I claim that both correspond to antifragility. Finally, I
hypothesize that antifragile development processes are better at producing
antifragile software systems.Comment: see https://refuses.github.io
Report of the Higgs Working Group of the Tevatron Run 2 SUSY/Higgs Workshop
This report presents the theoretical analysis relevant for Higgs physics at
the upgraded Tevatron collider and documents the Higgs Working Group
simulations to estimate the discovery reach in Run 2 for the Standard Model and
MSSM Higgs bosons. Based on a simple detector simulation, we have determined
the integrated luminosity necessary to discover the SM Higgs in the mass range
100-190 GeV. The first phase of the Run 2 Higgs search, with a total integrated
luminosity of 2 fb-1 per detector, will provide a 95% CL exclusion sensitivity
comparable to that expected at the end of the LEP2 run. With 10 fb-1 per
detector, this exclusion will extend up to Higgs masses of 180 GeV, and a
tantalizing 3 sigma effect will be visible if the Higgs mass lies below 125
GeV. With 25 fb-1 of integrated luminosity per detector, evidence for SM Higgs
production at the 3 sigma level is possible for Higgs masses up to 180 GeV.
However, the discovery reach is much less impressive for achieving a 5 sigma
Higgs boson signal. Even with 30 fb-1 per detector, only Higgs bosons with
masses up to about 130 GeV can be detected with 5 sigma significance. These
results can also be re-interpreted in the MSSM framework and yield the required
luminosities to discover at least one Higgs boson of the MSSM Higgs sector.
With 5-10 fb-1 of data per detector, it will be possible to exclude at 95% CL
nearly the entire MSSM Higgs parameter space, whereas 20-30 fb-1 is required to
obtain a 5 sigma Higgs discovery over a significant portion of the parameter
space. Moreover, in one interesting region of the MSSM parameter space (at
large tan(beta)), the associated production of a Higgs boson and a b b-bar pair
is significantly enhanced and provides potential for discovering a non-SM-like
Higgs boson in Run 2.Comment: 185 pages, 124 figures, 55 table
Study of process technology for GaAlAs/GaAs heteroface solar cells
Two processes were considered: the infinite melt process and the finite melt process. The only technique that is developed to the point that 10,000 cells could be produced in one year is the infinite melt liquid phase epitaxy process. The lowest cost per cell was achieved with the advanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition process. Molecular beam epitaxy was limited by the slow growth rate. The lowest cost, an 18 percent efficient cell at air mass zero, was approximately $70 per watt
Quaternions, octonions and Bell-type inequalities
Multipartite Bell-type inequalities are derived for general systems. They
involve up to eight observables with arbitrary spectra on each site. These
inequalities are closely related to the algebras of quaternions and octonions.Comment: 4 pages, no figure
Adaptation Framework and Strategy Part 3: an adaptation strategy for agriculture in Ningxia, Northwest China
Adaptation Framework and Strategy Part 2: application of the adaptation framework - a case study of Ningxia, Northwest China
Entropy and Entanglement in Quantum Ground States
We consider the relationship between correlations and entanglement in gapped
quantum systems, with application to matrix product state representations. We
prove that there exist gapped one-dimensional local Hamiltonians such that the
entropy is exponentially large in the correlation length, and we present strong
evidence supporting a conjecture that there exist such systems with arbitrarily
large entropy. However, we then show that, under an assumption on the density
of states which is believed to be satisfied by many physical systems such as
the fractional quantum Hall effect, that an efficient matrix product state
representation of the ground state exists in any dimension. Finally, we comment
on the implications for numerical simulation.Comment: 7 pages, no figure
Aligning State Developmental Standards to Toddler and Early Childhood Montessori Practical Life and Sensorial Materials
The purpose of this research was to determine whether a progress report that aligns the Montessori materials to child development benchmarks would increase parent understanding of the Montessori materials, as well as give teachers a means of reporting growth that is systematic and consistent. Trial reports were created aligning the toddler and early childhood practical life and sensorial curriculum areas to the state standards. Parents were asked to compare the current reports with the new reports. The postimplementation survey results suggested that 97% of parents better understood the alignment between the Montessori materials and child development and 100% of teachers affirmed the new reports made a clear association between the two. The new reports clarified the alignment between the Montessori materials and children’s development for parents and created a standard measurement tool for Montessori educators with the vernacular to explain the Montessori materials progression to parents
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