Entanglement consumption of instantaneous nonlocal quantum measurements

Relativistic causality has dramatic consequences on the measurability of nonlocal variables and poses the fundamental question of whether it is physically meaningful to speak about the value of nonlocal variables at a particular time. Recent work has shown that by weakening the role of the measurement in preparing eigenstates of the variable it is in fact possible to measure all nonlocal observables instantaneously by exploiting entanglement. However, for these measurement schemes to succeed with certainty an infinite amount of entanglement must be distributed initially and all this entanglement is necessarily consumed. In this work we sharpen the characterisation of instantaneous nonlocal measurements by explicitly devising schemes in which only a finite amount of the initially distributed entanglement is ever utilised. This enables us to determine an upper bound to the average consumption for the most general cases of nonlocal measurements. This includes the tasks of state verification, where the measurement verifies if the system is in a given state, and verification measurements of a general set of eigenstates of an observable. Despite its finiteness the growth of entanglement consumption is found to display an extremely unfavourable exponential of an exponential scaling with either the number of qubits needed to contain the Schmidt rank of the target state or total number of qubits in the system for an operator measurement. This scaling is seen to be a consequence of the combination of the generic exponential scaling of unitary decompositions combined with the highly recursive structure of our scheme required to overcome the no-signalling constraint of relativistic causality.Comment: 32 pages and 14 figures. Updated to published versio

Managing Tourism Uncertainties During the Era of COVID-19 Through Scenario Planning

This study used a scenario planning method to devise four possible scenarios for tourism recovery in Arizona, U.S.A., a state highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. A scenario planning session was attended by 24 experts representing key stakeholder groups within the tourism industry and public health, epidemiology, tourism, public policy, and transportation experts where participants selected six critical drivers of tourism recovery to develop possible scenarios. The critical drivers were public health status, performance of the economy, destination availability, government policy, consumer confidence, and leadership communication, with public health status and performance of the economy agreed to be the most influential but most uncertain on tourism recovery. The four scenarios represented a worst-case, best-case, and two mid-level scenarios in which tourism recovery efforts would need to operate. The implications and responsibilities of each scenario for governmental bodies, destination managers, tourism businesses, and planners is discussed and recommendations are given

Connecting Tourism Development and Ecological Restoration Synergies with Bordering Processes at the U.S.-Mexico Border

This study investigates the relationship between tourism development, ecological restoration, and border making processes at the U.S.-Mexico border. By employing a multiple case study design, this paper highlights stakeholder views towards ongoing tourism development and ecological restoration efforts in the region as well as opportunities for stakeholder collaboration. The findings reveal diverse attitudes towards these ongoing efforts, unlikely partnerships between stakeholder groups previously thought to have incompatible goals, and abundant challenges as well as opportunities for cross-border collaborations. As data continues to be collected, the findings will be discussed in the context of ‘bordering’ processes to illuminate how these efforts contribute to border ‘softening’ and/or ‘hardening’

Noise characteristics of the O-1 airplane and some approaches to noise reduction

A brief study of the O-1A airplane to determine possible means for reducing the aircraft aural detection distance was conducted. This effort involved measuring the noise signature of the basic airplane, devising methods to attenuate the noise, and then estimating the effect of several selected modifications on the aural detection distance of the aircraft. A relatively simple modification utilizing a 6.5 ft diameter, six-blade propeller and including a muffler having a volume of 0.725 cu ft is indicated to reduce the aural detection distance of the O-1 aircraft from about 6 miles at an altitude of 1,000 ft and 2 to 3 miles at an altitude of 300 ft to approximately half these values. The flyover noise data suggest that routing the exhaust stacks up and over the wing would provide immediate noise reduction of about 5 dB with an attendant reduction in detection distance. Furthermore, all these studies confirm the work of other investigators that the 1/3 octave band (center frequency=125 cps) is the most critical in reducing aural detection distance

Millennials’ Use of Technology in Nature-based Settings: Understanding Value Discrepancy with an Integrative Approach to Technology Acceptance and Attention Restoration Theory

Abstract: This mixed methods study compares perceptions of millennials and nature-based tourism providers towards technology use in nature-based settings. A survey of 276 millennials and public sector nature-based providers was conducted. Survey data were analyzed to compare between millennials and providers using an independent sample t-test. A focus group of millennials was also conducted to obtain rich qualitative data about millennials’ views towards using technology while recreating outdoors. The results show that both providers and millennials perceived that the use of digital cameras, GPS and video cameras enhance experiences, while the use of drones, talking on a cell phone and virtual reality technologies diminish experiences. Further, the results reveal that millennials perceived the use of augmented reality, Wi-Fi, and laptop in nature-based settings more negatively, while the use of drones and music listening devices more positively than the providers did. This discrepancy between millennials and nature-based tourism providers is discussed

Integrating Evidence-Based Reading into Middle-School Instruction: Exploring Sustainability

Reading comprehension models implemented in content classrooms boost adolescent reading achievement. Yet, few researchers examine how such models are incorporated into teachers’ daily instruction. We used extended observations and interviews to examine the integration of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR), an evidence-based reading comprehension model, into the instructional practices of fifteen middle school content teachers. High integration teachers embedded CSR lessons into their curriculum and reinforced CSR strategy use throughout the week. These teachers felt supported in their efforts by colleagues and school administrators. There is much to be learned from the ways in which teachers engage in the art of integrating new methods into their teaching