Warranty vs. Non-Warranty Road Options

Comparing the cost effectiveness of warranty vs. non-warranty road construction options for a 100 mile section of road over a 20 year period

Surveying Designs for Auntie Mame

UMKC Honors Colleg

Education physique et nutritionnelle :: évaluer la perception des élèves pour développer un programme d’enseignement adapté

Ce travail de mémoire aborde l’importance d’une alimentation saine et d’une pratique sportive pour la santé. Plus particulièrement, il traite de la perception des élèves quant à cette importance. Je cherche à comprendre ce que les élèves connaissent de cette thématique et s’ils sont conscients des conséquences que celle-ci peut avoir sur notre santé. Dans un premier temps, je questionne les élèves pour connaître leur perception initiale, ensuite je construis un enseignement dans la matière et mène des interventions. Pour terminer, je questionne à nouveau les élèves pour dégager les influences et l’efficacité ou non de mes interventions sur leur perception. J’ai choisi d’orienter ma recherche autour des cinq mots clés ci-dessous. Je m’intéresse aux élèves, à leur perception, qui est au centre de mon travail, dans le but d’améliorer ma pratique professionnelle

Chronicles of Oklahoma

Article explores the history of the Tonkawa people in Texas and Oklahoma and illuminates the negative impact Union and Confederate forces caused by not honoring their treaty obligations to protect the Tonkawas from the tribes around them, who they were alienated from by allying themselves with the US government

How Does Childhood Chronic Renal Disease Impact Upon Family Life? A Systematic Review.

Introduction and Background The number of children living with chronic illnesses is on the increase due to improved medical advances, medications and treatment. One of these illnesses is chronic renal disease, which is caused by the kidneys deteriorating over time and is permanent. Chronic renal failure can only be treated by renal replacement therapy, which includes peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis and transplantation. Review Question and Methodology The current systematic review aimed to answer the following research question; ‘How does childhood chronic renal disease impact upon family life?’ An electronic search of CINAHL and MEDLINE (OVID) databases were conducted using the University of Nottingham eLibrary Gateway. The electronic search lasted four months. A structured search strategy was devised, and incorporated key words. Once studies had been retrieved, they were filtered using clear inclusion/exclusion criteria. 7 studies were indentified as being appropriate to use in the review, following this, their data was extracted, critically analysed and synthesised in narrative summaries. Results From the included studies, the following themes were extracted; the effect childhood chronic renal failure has on healthy siblings, support systems used by parents, coping strategies of parents, changing roles amongst family members and mothers as the main caregivers. Conclusion VII In conclusion, childhood chronic renal disease impacts significantly upon family life in that the lived experience of parents and healthy siblings is affected. The role of parent is intensified and altered when caring for a child with chronic renal failure as parents and mainly mothers, become the child’s main caregiver. Siblings are affected by childhood chronic renal failure in that their lives become disrupted due to the family routine evolving to fit around the care of their ill sibling

Paucity of CD4+ Natural Killer T (NKT) Lymphocytes in Sooty Mangabeys Is Associated with Lack of NKT Cell Depletion after SIV Infection

Lack of chronic immune activation in the presence of persistent viremia is a key feature that distinguishes nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in natural hosts from pathogenic SIV and HIV infection. To elucidate novel mechanisms downmodulating immune activation in natural hosts of SIV infection, we investigated natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes in sooty mangabeys. NKT lymphocytes are a potent immunoregulatory arm of the innate immune system that recognize glycolipid antigens presented on the nonpolymorphic MHC-class I-like CD1d molecules. In a cross-sectional analysis of 50 SIV-negative and 50 naturally SIV-infected sooty mangabeys, ligand α-galactosylceramide loaded CD1d tetramers co-staining with Vα24-positive invariant NKT lymphocytes were detected at frequencies ≥0.002% of circulating T lymphocytes in approximately half of the animals. In contrast to published reports in Asian macaques, sooty mangabey NKT lymphocytes consisted of CD8+ and CD4/CD8 double-negative T lymphocytes that were CXCR3-positive and CCR5-negative suggesting that they trafficked to sites of inflammation without being susceptible to SIV infection. Consistent with these findings, there was no difference in the frequency or phenotype of NKT lymphocytes between SIV-negative and SIV-infected sooty mangabeys. On stimulation with α-galactosylceramide loaded on human CD1d molecules, sooty mangabey NKT lymphocytes underwent degranulation and secreted IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-13, and IL-10, indicating the presence of both effector and immunoregulatory functional capabilities. The unique absence of CD4+ NKT lymphocytes in sooty mangabeys, combined with their IL-10 cytokine-secreting ability and preservation following SIV infection, raises the possibility that NKT lymphocytes might play a role in downmodulating immune activation in SIV-infected sooty mangabeys

Short-term effects of a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern on cognition and mental wellbeing: A systematic review of clinical trials

Background: Although the long-term effects of a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (MDP) on cognition and overall mental wellbeing have been consistently described, the short-term effects of the MDP on cognitive performance, mood and anxiety have not been as widely reviewed. Objectives: The aims of this systematic review were to synthesise the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) to examine whether a MDP can alter cognition and overall mental wellbeing in the short-term (up to 10 days). This will also be used to identify research gaps and to inform the design of future acute RCTs in the area. Methods: Ovid EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE and Web of Science Core Collection were searched from inception to 8/12/2020. The data was synthesised narratively with no quantitative synthesis. The detailed protocol is available on PROSPERO, with the registration number CRD42021221085. Results: A total of 3002 studies were initially identified. After the deduplication and screening stages, 4 studies (3 articles and 1 conference proceeding) were eligible to be included. Despite the very limited data obtained, the literature suggests that a MDP can improve cognition and mood in the short-term. Specifically, improvements in attention, alertness and contentment were consistently reported. Conclusion: A MDP appears a promising strategy to improve short-term cognitive and mental health. A limitation of this review is the small number of studies identified, therefore, future studies are required to confirm these initial novel findings, and to provide granularity as to which domains are most responsive and in which population subgroups