Application of biotechnology for the production of biomass-based fuels

fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

Clinical effect of SMILE and FS-LASIK and the effect on the stability of cornea and tear film

AIM: To explore the clinical effect of small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)in correcting high myopia and the effect on cornea and tear film stability. METHODS: Totally 120 patients with high myopia treated in the hospital from August 2016 to February 2017 were selected as the research subjects. According to the surgical methods, the patients were divided into SMILE group and FS-LASIK group, 67 cases 134 eyes in SMILE group and, and 53 cases 106 eyes in FS-LASIK group. Group SMILE was treated with SMILE, and group FS-LASIK was treated by FS-LASIK. The influence of normal vision and stability of cornea and tear film. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and diopter between two groups after 1mo and 3mo(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in BUT and SⅠt between the two groups of patients before and 1mo after operation(P>0.05). After 3mo between the two groups, BUT and SⅠt in the two groups were statistically different, and the SMILE group was significantly better than the FS-LASIK group(PP>0.05). CONCLUSION: SMILE and FS-LASIK are equally safe and effective and have good predictability and stability. The postoperative tear film stability is superior to FS-LASIK, and there is no significant difference in the biomechanical stability of the two kinds of methods

A sustainable biogas model in China: The case study of Beijing Deqingyuan biogas project

According to the Paris Agreement, China has the ambition to develop non-fossil energy which will account for 20% of the total energy consumption in 2030. China has abundant biomass potential implying the bioenergy should be an important option of non-fossil energy. In this analysis, we present an representative biogas project (the Deqingyuan project, DQY) in Beijing and conduct a cost-benefit analysis for the whole value chain. DQY is the first large-scale biogas project in China that utilizes 100% chicken manure as a feedstock and integrates biogas production with ecological agriculture using advanced technologies. DQY uses 80,000 t of chicken manure and 100,000 t of sewage each year to produce biogas, which generates 14 million KWh of power annually, and obtains an additional revenue of RMB 8 million yuan each year through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Operating as an example of a sustainable bioenergy model, DQY accomplishes the full use of a recycled resource while showing consideration for animal welfare during the entire production, which is a fundamental component of the new rural energy strategy. The circular economy model of DQY plays a prominent role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating pollution, and increasing employment, among other benefits. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the typical demonstration model (DQY) in utilization of agricultural waste in China, and further proposes a general development model of Chinese biogas in the future

Analysis of the Aerodynamic Character of Bionic Wingspan on the Basis of Frigate Wing Structure

This paper extracts the frigate bird’s leading edge contour by CATIA on the basis of the obverse and side pictures when frigate bird glides. Then three bionic wingspans of bending update, forward and integrating the two are built combining NACA 4412 airfoil. Compared with simple wingspan, the drag force of testing wingspan can be suppressed significantly, because the wingspan bending forward can form airflow of S style which declines the slope of the path-line of airflow and reduces the leading edge’s pressures. As a result the working condition is improved because the bending forward wingspan reduces air’s velocity. The lift efficiency of bending update wingspan may be improved because of increasing the leading edge’s pressure resulting in high speed airflow. Key words: leading edge contour; bionic wingspans; NACA 4412; aerodynamic performanc

R-CA: A Routing-based Dynamic Channel Assignment Algorithm for Wireless Mesh Networks

Even though channel assignment has been studied for years, the performance of most IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop wireless networks such as wireless sensor network (WSN), wireless mesh network (WMN), mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is limited by channel interference. Properly assigning orthogonal channels to wireless links can improve the throughput of multi-hop networks. To solve the dynamic channel assignment problem, a routing-based channel assignment algorithm called R-CA is proposed. R-CA can allocate channels for wireless nodes when needed and free channels after data transmission. Thus more channel resource can be explored by wireless nodes. Simulation results show that R-CA can effectively enhance the network throughput and packet delivery rate.Comment: International Workshop on Mobile Cyber-Physical Systems (MobiCPS 2010), in conjunction with UIC2010, IEEE, Xi'an, China, 26 - 29 October, 201

HIF-1α Contributes to Hypoxia-induced Invasion and Metastasis of Esophageal Carcinoma via Inhibiting E-cadherin and Promoting MMP-2 Expression

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been found to enhance tumor invasion and metastasis, but no study has reported its action in esophageal carcinoma. The goal of this study was to explore the probable mechanism of HIF-1α in the invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma Eca109 cells in vitro and in vivo. mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α, E-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) under hypoxia were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The effects of silencing HIF-1α on E-cadherin, MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression under hypoxia or normoxia were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The invasive ability of Eca109 cells was tested using a transwell chambers. We established an Eca109-implanted tumor model and observed tumor growth and lymph node metastasis. The expression of HIF-1α, E-cadherin and MMP-2 in xenograft tumors was detected by Western blotting. After exposure to hypoxia, HIF-1α protein was up-regulated, both mRNA and protein levels of E-cadherin were down-regulated and MMP-2 was up-regulated, while HIF-1α mRNA showed no significant change. SiRNA could block HIF-1α effectively, increase E-cadherin expression and inhibit MMP-2 expression. The number of invading cells decreased after HIF-1α was silenced. Meanwhile, the tumor volume was much smaller, and the metastatic rate of lymph nodes and the positive rate were lower in vivo. Our observations suggest that HIF-1α inhibition might be an effective strategy to weaken invasion and metastasis in the esophageal carcinoma Eca109 cell line