Celiac Disease Negatively Influences Lipid Profiles in Youngest Children With Type 1 Diabetes: Effect of the Gluten-Free Diet

The association between low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and increased cardiovascular risk is well established. Low HDL-C levels were found in subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who presented complications and in untreated subjects with celiac disease (CD). The association between TID and CD might therefore enhance this lipid abnormality and accelerate the atherosclerotic process

Diabete Tipo 1, Tipo 2 e Tipo X

Il muro concettuale secondo il quale il diabete in età pediatrica ha preferibilmente una patogenesi autoimmune sta ormai definitivamente crollando. Il diabete in età infantile e adolescenziale è molto più eterogeneo dal punto di vista eziopatogenetico di quanto si pensasse. In presenza di una qualsiasi iperglicemia è ormai diventato importantissimo chiedersi la patogenesi di questo sintomo utilizzando tutti gli strumenti che abbiamo oggi a disposizione

La terapia "sartoriale" con insulina ponderale

A 100 anni dalla scoperta della terapia insulinica sono sempre più numerosi i preparati che, grazie alla differente farmacocinetica, permettono al Pediatra diabetologo di personalizzare la cura del bambino e dell’adolescente con diabete in modo da adattare lo schema terapeutico alla routine quotidiana, e non viceversa, migliorando enormemente la qualità della vita dei suoi piccoli pazienti. In questo articolo, si fa il punto su tutti gli analoghi dell’insulina adoperabili in Pediatria, sui più moderni presidi di somministrazione multiiniettiva del farmaco, sui principali schemi di terapia, sulle modifiche della dose di insulina in base alle glicemie, ai grafici degli holter glicemici ed al calcolo dei carboidrati. Infine, non manca un accenno a quelle che sono le principali prospettive future di terapia come le vie alternative di somministrazione dell’insulina oppure con la introduzione di insuline responsive all’iperglicemia o Insuline Glucosio Reattive (GRI)

Parental assessment of disordered eating behaviors in their children with type 1 diabetes: A controlled study

Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine the presence of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in youths with type 1 diabetes (T1D) according to their parents' evaluations. The roles of demographic and diabetes-related variables were also analyzed. Methods: In 54 patients with T1D (aged 10.07–15.08) and in 54 age- and gender-matched healthy controls, DEBs were assessed using a parent-report standardized measure. BMI was calculated from height and weight. Glycemic control was assessed based on the most recent glycosylated hemoglobin value (HbA1c). The association of demographic and clinical factors with DEBs was evaluated through correlation and linear regression analyses. Results: DEBs were observed more frequently in participants with T1D (33.3%) than in controls (11%) (χ 2 = 6.501, p =.04). The clinical sample obtained a higher score than controls in PEBEQ total score (t(106) = 2.464, p =.01), as well as in the Exaggerated interest in food (t(106) = 2.723, p =.008) and Rejection/disinterest in food subscales (t(106) = 2.216, p =.01). No gender differences were observed. In participants with T1D, but not in controls, PEBEQ total score was positively correlated with age (r = 0.203, p =.04), HbA1c (r = 0.335, p =.01), and zBMI (r = 0.298, p =.002); HbA1c (standardized beta =0.284, p =.04) was found to uniquely predict the PEBEQ total score. Conclusion: Parents' evaluations may contribute to prompt detection of DEBs, which is crucial in developing appropriate strategies for timely intervention, especially during adolescence

Nonverbal intelligence and scholastic performance in children with type 1 diabetes

This study examined nonverbal intelligence and scholastic achievement in children with type 1 diabetes. In a retrospective case-control study, 69 children (35 males) ages 5-10 years with type 1 diabetes and 69 healthy controls matched to patients by age, gender and socioeconomic status were compared according to their performance on Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices and their scholastic grades. No differences in nonverbal intelligence and grades were observed between children with type 1 diabetes and healthy control subjects. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices scores inversely correlated with duration of illness both in children with early onset of type 1 diabetes and poor metabolic control. Possible explanations of the results and implications are discussed