10,045 research outputs found
Antiferromagnetic order in (Ga,Mn)N nanocrystals: A density functional theory study
We investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of (Ga,Mn)N
nanocrystals using the density functional theory. We study both wurtzite and
zinc-blende structures doped with one or two substitutional Mn impurities. For
a single Mn dopant placed close to surface, the behavior of the empty
Mn-induced state, hereafter referred to as "Mn hole", is different from bulk
(Ga,Mn)N. The energy level corresponding to this off-center Mn hole lies within
the nanocrystal gap near the conduction edge. For two Mn dopants, the most
stable magnetic configuration is antiferromagnetic, and this was unexpected
since (Ga,Mn)N bulk shows ferromagnetism in the ground state. The surprising
antiferromagnetic alignment of two Mn spins is ascribed also to the holes
linked to the Mn impurities located close to surface. Unlike Mn holes in
(Ga,Mn)N bulk, these Mn holes in confined (Ga,Mn)N nanostructures do not
contribute to the ferromagnetic alignment of the two Mn spins
Optical spin control in nanocrystalline magnetic nanoswitches
We investigate the optical properties of (Cd,Mn)Te quantum dots (QDs) by
looking at the excitons as a function of the Mn impurities positions and their
magnetic alignments. When doped with two Mn impurities, the Mn spins, aligned
initially antiparallel in the ground state, have lower energy in the parallel
configuration for the optically active spin-up exciton. Hence, the
photoexcitation of the QD ground state with antiparallel Mn spins induces one
of them to flip and they align parallel. This suggests that (Cd,Mn)Te QDs are
suitable for spin-based operations handled by light
First-principles calculations of the magnetic properties of (Cd,Mn)Te nanocrystals
We investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of Mn-doped CdTe
nanocrystals (NCs) with 2 nm in diameter which can be experimentally
synthesized with Mn atoms inside. Using the density-functional theory, we
consider two doping cases: NCs containing one or two Mn impurities. Although
the Mn d peaks carry five up electrons in the dot, the local magnetic moment on
the Mn site is 4.65 mu_B. It is smaller than 5 mu_B because of the sp-d
hybridization between the localized 3d electrons of the Mn atoms and the s- and
p-type valence states of the host compound. The sp-d hybridization induces
small magnetic moments on the Mnnearest- neighbor Te sites, antiparallel to the
Mn moment affecting the p-type valence states of the undoped dot, as usual for
a kinetic-mediated exchange magnetic coupling. Furthermore, we calculate the
parameters standing for the sp-d exchange interactions. Conduction N0\alpha and
valence N0\beta are close to the experimental bulk values when the Mn
impurities occupy bulklike NCs' central positions, and they tend to zero close
to the surface. This behavior is further explained by an analysis of
valence-band-edge states showing that symmetry breaking splits the states and
in consequence reduces the exchange. For two Mn atoms in several positions, the
valence edge states show a further departure from an interpretation based in a
perturbative treatment. We also calculate the d-d exchange interactions |Jdd|
between Mn spins. The largest |Jdd| value is also for Mn atoms on bulklike
central sites; in comparison with the experimental d-d exchange constant in
bulk Cd0.95Mn0.05Te, it is four times smaller
Spatial sampling of the thermospheric vertical wind field at auroral latitudes
Results are presented from two nights of bistatic Doppler measurements of neutral thermospheric winds using Fabry!Perot spectrometers at Mawson and Davis stations in Antarctica. A scanning Doppler imager (SDI) at Mawson and a narrow-field Fabry-Perot spectrometer (FPS) at Davis have been used to estimate the vertical wind at three locations along the great circle joining the two stations, in addition to the vertical wind routinely observed above each station. These data were obtained from observations of the 630.0 nm airglow line of atomic oxygen, at a nominal altitude of 240 km. Low!resolution all-sky images produced by the Mawson SDI have been used to relate disturbances in the measured vertical wind field to auroral activity and divergence in the horizontal wind field. Correlated vertical wind responses were observed on a range of horizontal scales from ~150 to 480 km. In general, the behavior of the vertical wind was in agreement with earlier studies, with strong upward winds observed poleward of the optical aurora and sustained, though weak, downward winds observed early in the night. The relation between vertical wind and horizontal divergence was seen to follow the general trend predicted by Burnside et al. (1981), whereby upward vertical winds were associated with positive divergence and vice versa; however, a scale height approximately 3â4 times greater than that modeled by NRLMSISE-00 was required to best fit the data using this relation
Detection of the onset of nanocrystallization by calorimetric and magnetic measurements
It is generally accepted that measurements of the magnetic properties are more sensitive than measurements of the enthalpy changes in the detection of the onset of crystallization of ferromagnetic phases emerging from a paramagnetic amorphous alloy. In this work, it is shown that the formation of a very fine nanocrystalline microstructure can make this assumption incorrect. Under some circumstances, the nanocrystallization onset temperature obtained from magnetic techniques is higher than the one obtained from enthalpy changes. The phenomenon is explained in terms of the superparamagnetic behavior of the uncoupled nanocrystals at the very early stages of nanocrystallizatio
Thermomagnetic detection of recrystallization in FeCoNbBCu nanocrystalline alloys
The recrystallization process in FeCoNbBCu nanocrystallinealloys is evidenced from thermomagnetic results as a significant decrease in magnetization at the second crystallization stage. The lowering in the volume fraction of α-FeCo crystals indicates that some of these crystals contribute to the boride phases formed. Electron microscopy images reveal that the final microstructure consists of large crystals (âŒ500 nm) of a fcc (FeCo)23B6(FeCo)23B6 phase and small crystals (âŒ20 nm) of bcc α-FeCo and of some boride phases as such (FeCo)2B
The thickness of a liquid layer on the free surface of ice as obtained from computer simulation
Molecular dynamic simulations were performed for ice Ih with a free surface
by using four water models, SPC/E, TIP4P, TIP4P/Ice and TIP4P/2005. The
behavior of the basal plane, the primary prismatic plane and of the secondary
prismatic plane when exposed to vacuum was analyzed. We observe the formation
of a thin liquid layer at the ice surface at temperatures below the melting
point for all models and the three planes considered. For a given plane it was
found that the thickness of a liquid layer was similar for different water
models, when the comparison is made at the same undercooling with respect to
the melting point of the model. The liquid layer thickness is found to increase
with temperature. For a fixed temperature it was found that the thickness of
the liquid layer decreases in the following order: the basal plane, the primary
prismatic plane, and the secondary prismatic plane. For the TIP4P/Ice model, a
model reproducing the experimental value of the melting temperature of ice, the
first clear indication of the formation of a liquid layer appears at about -100
Celsius for the basal plane, at about -80 Celsius for the primary prismatic
plane and at about -70 Celsius for the secondary prismatic plane.Comment: 41 pages and 13 figure
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