Aproximaciones a los estudios organizacionales en el suroccidente colombiano

Aproximarse al campo de conocimiento de los estudios organizacionales desde una región de Colombia es una apuesta exigente, en principio porque la tradición en las teorías administrativas y de las organizaciones ha vuelto un lugar común la forma de comprender, estudiar y explicar la realidad desde las facultades de Administración

Aproximaciones a los estudios organizacionales en el suroccidente colombiano

Aproximarse al campo de conocimiento de los estudios organizacionales desde una región de Colombia es una apuesta exigente, en principio porque la tradición en las teorías administrativas y de las organizaciones ha vuelto un lugar común la forma de comprender, estudiar y explicar la realidad desde las facultades de Administración

Soil quality index to assessment the impact of different uses and practices and it is application in a rural area of Planaltina (DF)

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais, 2015.Com o objetivo de desenvolver e aplicar um índice de qualidade do solo para a avaliação do impacto de diferentes usos e manejos em áreas de Cerrado, foram analisadas propriedades físicas (textura, taxa de infiltração de água no solo – TI e resistência mecânica do solo à penetração-RP), químicas (matéria orgânica do solo-MOS, saturação por bases-V, fosforo-P, acidez-pH, capacidade de troca de cátions-CTC) e biológicas (cobertura do solo e besouros coprófagos-C+R) de seis áreas experimentais, situadas sobre um Latossolo Vermelho franco-argilo-arenoso, na zona rural de Planaltina (DF). As seis áreas experimentais foram: Cerrado (stricto sensu)-CSS, Cerradão-CE, Reflorestamento de 10 anos (Enterolobium gummiferum)-R10, Reflorestamento de 1 ano (Handroanthus impetiginosus, Piptadenia gonoacantha, Triplaris gardneriana, Myracrodruon urundeuva, Sterculia striata)-R1, Lavoura de milho (Zea mays)-LM e uma Pastagem degradada (Brachiaria decumbens)-PD. Depois de obtidas as médias dos parâmetros F/Q/B em cada uma das áreas experimentais, foram atribuídos os escores 1, 2 e 3, para o terceiro, segundo e primeiro lugar do ranking das seis áreas, respectivamente, sendo a qualidade do solo estimada pela soma ponderada dos escores entre o número de variáveis de propriedade. O índice de qualidade do solo, calculado para as áreas experimentais acima, variou de 5,0 para o Cerradão até 2,2 para o Reflorestamento de 1 ano, sendo o primeiro classificado como Alto, e os outros cinco como médios.In order to develop and implement a soil quality index to evaluate the impact of different uses and management in Cerrado areas, physical properties were analyzed (texture, infiltration-TI and penetration resistance-RP), chemical properties (organic matter-MOS, base saturation-SB, phosphorus-P, acidity-pH, cation exchange capacity-CEC) and biological properties (soil covert-S and dung beetles-C+R) in six experimental areas located on a red oxisol, with a loamy texture, in a rural area of Planaltina (DF). The six experimental areas were: Cerrado stricto sensu-CSS, Cerradão-CE, Reforestation 10 years (Enterolobium gummiferum)-R10, Reforestation 1 year (Handroanthus impetiginosus, Piptadenia gonoacantha, Triplaris gardneriana, Myracrodruon urundeuva, Sterculia striata)-R 1, Corn (Zea mays)-CC and a Degraded pasture (Brachiaria decumbens)-DP. After obtaining the means of the F / Q / B parameters in each of the areas, scores were assigned for the three highest means, and the soil quality index estimated by the weighted sum of the scores. The soil quality index for the six experimental areas ranged from 5.0 to 2.2, with the Cerradao presenting the highest value and the Reforestation 1 yr the lowest

Innovación social en comunidades rurales: experiencia en aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos (Cauca, Colombia)

This paper presents the results of the project “Model of social innovation in the use of solid waste in the la Yunga and Río Hondo districts (Popayán, Cauca, Colombia)”. Through the means of community identified problems, its main goal was to promote community associative capabilities and socioenvironmental appropriation of territories in order to generate alternative methods of sustainable and sustained development. Methods such as People-centered design, Participatory Action Research and Environmental Education were applied. Results showed that social actors managed to devise, drive and deliver innovative and feasible solutions which made it possible to contribute to the objective of sustainable development and overall pollution reduction in the area. The design applied herein allowed for a collective vision to be built in order to direct community potentials and propose new forms of governance, in relevant elements of economic, social and environmental development of the rural sector. The study concludes that community efforts and their organizational capacity permitted the implementation of a social innovation model focused around the use of solid waste. This model can be replicated in rural areas at the national level, thus contributing towards the mitigation of adverse effects related to anthropic activities. Finally, community actions can influence public policies and participate in the overall transformation of local environment and territories.Este documento presenta resultados del proyecto “Modelo de innovación social en el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos en las veredas la Yunga y Río Hondo (Popayán, Cauca)”. Su propósito se orientó a potenciar capacidades asociativas y la apropiación socioambiental de sus territorios para la generación de alternativas de desarrollo sostenible y sustentable en torno a una problemática identificada por la comunidad. Se concatenaron métodos como el diseño centrado en las personas, Investigación-AcciónParticipativa y Educación Ambiental. Se encontró que los actores sociales lograron idear, pilotear y entregar soluciones innovadoras y factibles que permitieron contribuir con el objetivo de desarrollo sostenible sobre reducción de la contaminación. El co-diseño permitió construir una visión colectiva para direccionar potencialidades comunitarias y plantear nuevas formas de gobernanza, elementos relevantes en el desarrollo económico social y ambiental de la ruralidad. Se concluye que los esfuerzos comunitarios y su capacidad organizativa permitieron el diseño de un modelo de innovación social en torno al aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos, el cual puede ser replicable a la ruralidad nacional y así contribuir a mitigar efectos adversos de actividades antrópicas, convergiendo en la transformación del ambiente y territorios; toda acción comunitaria permite influir en las políticas públicas locale

Individual Carbon Modeling in Eucalyptus Stands in the Cerrado Region

In the context of global climate change, eucalyptus stands in the planted forest sector have become a viable alternative for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in addition to presenting great potential for the carbon (C) stock. Thus, the objective of this study was to quantify C stocks in different eucalyptus compartments, in addition to evaluating three mathematical models at the individual tree level. We evaluated four areas of eucalyptus stands located in the Federal District, Brazil. The data were collected from the forest inventory and rigorous cubing procedures using the following statistical models: Spurr, Schumacher–Hall, and adapted Schumacher–Hall. The highest Pearson’s linear modification coefficient, lowest root means square error percentage (RMSE%), and lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC) were used to select the best model. The C content and stock varied between the compartments and areas studied owing to age and, above all, genetic differences. Clone I224 had the highest carbon concentration per acre at 233.35 Mg ha−1 and carbon difference per compartment. The adapted Schumacher–Hall was the best model. It included data on biometric factors, such as the diameter at breast height, height, and age. The contribution of eucalyptus plantations to carbon sequestration is fundamental to socioenvironmental enhancement