Разработка алгоритма верификации параметров линии электропередачи в расчетных моделях и его программная реализация

Объектом исследования являются методы верификации параметров ЛЭП в математических моделях для расчетов установившихся режимов электроэнергетических систем и их программная реализация. В ходе разработки приложения использовались стандартные библиотеки, а также библиотеки, находящиеся в открытом доступе. Для взаимодействия с ОИК СК-2007 использовались стандартные инструменты для доступа к данным. В ходе разработки алгоритмов использовались отечественные и зарубежные методики определения параметров линии электропередачи, алгоритм учитывает требования к созданию и актуализации расчетной модели для расчетов установившихся режимов.The objects of study are methods for verifying the parameters of power lines in mathematical models for calculations for the establishment of energy systems and their software implementation. During the development of the application, standard libraries were used, as well as libraries that are in the public domain. To interact with the OIC SK-2007, standard tools for accessing data were used. During the development of the algorithms, national and foreign methods for determining the parameters of power lines were used, the algorithm takes into account the requirements for the development and updating of calculations for models established for calculations

The chemopreventive polyphenol Curcumin prevents hematogenous breast cancer metastases in immunodeficient mice

Dissemination of metastatic cells probably occurs long before diagnosis of the primary tumor. Metastasis during early phases of carcinogenesis in high risk patients is therefore a potential prevention target. The plant polyphenol Curcumin has been proposed for dietary prevention of cancer. We therefore examined its effects on the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro and in a mouse metastasis model. Curcumin strongly induces apoptosis in MDA- MB- 231 cells in correlation with reduced activation of the survival pathway NF kappa B, as a consequence of diminished I kappa B and p65 phosphorylation. Curcumin also reduces the expression of major matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) due to reduced NF kappa B activity and transcriptional downregulation of AP-1. NF kappa B/p65 silencing is sufficient to downregulate c-jun and MMP expression. Reduced NF kappa B/AP-1 activity and MMP expression lead to diminished invasion through a reconstituted basement membrane and to a significantly lower number of lung metastases in immunodeficient mice after intercardiac injection of 231 cells (p=0.0035). 68% of Curcumin treated but only 17% of untreated animals showed no or very few lung metastases, most likely as a consequence of down-regulation of NF kappa B/AP-1 dependent MMP expression and direct apoptotic effects on circulating tumor cells but not on established metastases. Dietary chemoprevention of metastases appears therefore feasible. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel

Peripheral T Cell Cytokine Responses for Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: A test for diagnosis of active Tuberculosis (TB) from peripheral blood could tremendously improve clinical management of patients. METHODS: Of 178 prospectively enrolled patients with possible TB, 60 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary and 27 patients with extrapulmonary TB. The frequencies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) specific CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells producing cytokines were assessed using overnight stimulation with purified protein derivate (PPD) or early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)-6, respectively. RESULTS: Among patients with active TB, an increased type 1 cytokine profile consisting of mainly CD4(+) T cell derived interferon (IFN)-γ was detectable. Despite contributing to the cytokine profile as a whole, the independent diagnostic performance of one cytokine producing T cells as well as polyfunctional T cells was poor. IFN-γ/Interleukin(IL)-2 cytokine ratios discriminated best between active TB and other diseases. CONCLUSION: T cells producing one cytokine and polyfunctional T cells have a limited role in diagnosis of active TB. The significant shift from a "memory type" to an "effector type" cytokine profile may be useful for further development of a rapid immune-diagnostic tool for active TB

Uterine fibroids – what’s new?

Uterine fibroids are the commonest benign tumours of women and affect all races with a cumulative lifetime risk of around 70%. Despite their high prevalence and the heavy economic burden of treatment, fibroids have received remarkably little attention compared to common female malignant tumours. This article reviews recent progress in understanding the biological nature of fibroids, their life cycle and their molecular genetic origins. Recent progress in surgical and interventional management is briefly reviewed, and medical management options, including treatment with selective progesterone receptor modulators, are also discussed

Degradation of haloaromatic compounds

An ever increasing number of halogenated organic compounds has been produced by industry in the last few decades. These compounds are employed as biocides, for synthetic polymers, as solvents, and as synthetic intermediates. Production figures are often incomplete, and total production has frequently to be extrapolated from estimates for individual countries. Compounds of this type as a rule are highly persistent against biodegradation and belong, as "recalcitrant" chemicals, to the class of so-called xenobiotics. This term is used to characterise chemical substances which have no or limited structural analogy to natural compounds for which degradation pathways have evolved over billions of years. Xenobiotics frequently have some common features. e.g. high octanol/water partitioning coefficients and low water solubility which makes for a high accumulation ratio in the biosphere (bioaccumulation potential). Recalcitrant compounds therefore are found accumulated in mammals, especially in fat tissue, animal milk supplies and also in human milk. Highly sophisticated analytical techniques have been developed for the detection of organochlorines at the trace and ultratrace level

Voluntary disclosure of corporate strategy: determinants and outcomes. An empirical study into the risks and payoffs of communicating corporate strategy.

Business leaders increasingly face pressure from stakeholders to be transparent. There appears however little consensus on the risks and payoffs of disclosing vital information such as corporate strategy. To fill this gap, this study analyzes firm-specific determinants and organisational outcomes of voluntary disclosure of corporate strategy. Stakeholder theory and agency theory help to understand whether companies serve their interest to engage with stakeholders and overcome information asymmetries. I connect these theories and propose a comprehensive approach to measure voluntary disclosure of corporate strategy. Hypotheses from the theoretical framework are empirically tested through panel regression of data on identified determinants and outcomes and of disclosed strategy through annual reports, corporate social responsibility reports, corporate websites and corporate press releases by the 70 largest publicly listed companies in the Netherlands from 2003 through 2008. I found that industry, profitability, dual-listing status, national ranking status and listing age have significant effects on voluntary disclosure of corporate strategy. No significant effects are found for size, leverage and ownership concentration. On outcomes, I found that liquidity of stock and corporate reputation are significantly influenced by voluntary disclosure of corporate strategy. No significant effect is found for volatility of stock. My contributions to theory, methodology and empirics offers a stepping-stone for further research into understanding how companies can use transparency to manage stakeholder relations

Expression of multiple foreign epitopes presented as synthetic antigens on the surface of Potato virus X particles

We describe the construction of recombinant Potato virus X (PVX) vectors expressing two different epitopes, ep4 and ep6, from Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). The seven-amino-acid epitopes were expressed as N-terminal coat protein fusions and were displayed on the surface of PVX particles. Particle assembly into full virions was successful even though no wild type coat protein subunits were present, and the epitopes could be detected in crude extracts and purified virus preparations with appropriate antibodies. A construct containing both epitope sequences in tandem was also prepared. The resulting PVX particles could be detected by antibodies against ep4 and ep6, either individually or simultaneously, showing that both epitopes were accessible. In addition mixed infections with PVX vectors containing the individual ep4 and ep6 sequences were carried out. This resulted in the formation of PVX particles displaying ep4 alone, ep6 alone, or both epitopes. These experiments demonstrate for the first time that PVX can be utilized to present multiple epitopes, either tandemly on every coat protein subunit or as heteromultimeric assemblies, both of which could be useful vaccination strategies. The production of epitope-presenting viruses in which every coat protein subunit contains a foreign epitope allows the high-level expression of defined numbers of foreign antigen sites, making such viruses useful standards for immune detection