Interfaz gráfica para desarrollo de prototipos de algoritmos de procesamiento de imágenes con morfología matemática difusa

La resolución de problemas en procesamiento digital de imágenes requiere la búsqueda de un conjunto de algoritmos adecuados al tipo de problemática a resolver y la optimización de los parámetros que se definen a partir de cada uno de ellos. El ajuste de cada una de estas técnicas requiere una continua observación de los resultados obtenidos y un elevado número de pruebas. Una de las técnicas que permite resolver un amplio conjunto de problemas es la Morfología Matemática, en particular la Morfología Matemática Difusa permite representar imprecisiones en imágenes con alto contenido de textura y se ha aplicado con éxito para la segmentación de imágenes médicas de diferente tipo. En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de una interfaz gráfica configurable que permite la búsqueda de prototipos de algoritmos para el procesamiento con Morfología Matemática y Morfología Matemática Difusa facilitando tareas de aprendizaje sobre el uso de este tipo de metodología. Además, se analizan las características principales del sistema propuesto y su adecuación al uso.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Framework de segmentación y análisis de imágenes mediante reconocimiento de texturas

Cuando se combinan técnicas de extracción de características y reconocimiento de patrones para la segmentación de imágenes, la elección de las técnicas depende de la aplicación particular. El análisis de texturas constituye uno de los principales enfoques para la extracción de características. El conjunto de algoritmos desarrollados tanto para análisis de texturas como para reconocimiento de patrones es amplio. Cada técnica se basa en un determinado paradigma de análisis del problema y un conjunto de parámetros que la definen. La gran cantidad de parámetros involucrados hace a menudo difícil la tarea de selección y ajuste del algoritmo a utilizar. Frecuentemente es necesaria la combinación de técnicas para analizar la solución de una tarea de segmentación. Este trabajo propone la implementación de un framework que incluye un gran número de técnicas de análisis de texturas y reconocimiento de patrones facilitando la parametrización y combinación de técnicas para el análisis y segmentación de imágenes. Se analizan las características relacionadas con facilidad de utilización y tiempos de procesamiento.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Difficult tracheal intubation in neonates and infants. NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE): a prospective European multicentre observational study

Background: Neonates and infants are susceptible to hypoxaemia in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to analyse interventions related to anaesthesia tracheal intubations in this European cohort and identify their clinical consequences. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of tracheal intubations of the European multicentre observational trial (NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe [NECTARINE]) in neonates and small infants with difficult tracheal intubation. The primary endpoint was the incidence of difficult intubation and the related complications. The secondary endpoints were the risk factors for severe hypoxaemia attributed to difficult airway management, and 30 and 90 day outcomes. Results: Tracheal intubation was planned in 4683 procedures. Difficult tracheal intubation, defined as two failed attempts of direct laryngoscopy, occurred in 266 children (271 procedures) with an incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 5.8% (95% CI, 5.1e6.5). Bradycardia occurred in 8% of the cases with difficult intubation, whereas a significant decrease in oxygen saturation (SpO2<90% for 60 s) was reported in 40%. No associated risk factors could be identified among comorbidities, surgical, or anaesthesia management. Using propensity scoring to adjust for confounders, difficult anaesthesia tracheal intubation did not lead to an increase in 30 and 90 day morbidity or mortality. Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate a high incidence of difficult tracheal intubation in children less than 60 weeks post-conceptual age commonly resulting in severe hypoxaemia. Reassuringly, the morbidity and mortality at 30 and 90 days was not increased by the occurrence of a difficult intubation event. Clinical trial registration: NCT02350348

Difficult tracheal intubation in neonates and infants. NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE): a prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Neonates and infants are susceptible to hypoxaemia in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to analyse interventions related to anaesthesia tracheal intubations in this European cohort and identify their clinical consequences. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of tracheal intubations of the European multicentre observational trial (NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe [NECTARINE]) in neonates and small infants with difficult tracheal intubation. The primary endpoint was the incidence of difficult intubation and the related complications. The secondary endpoints were the risk factors for severe hypoxaemia attributed to difficult airway management, and 30 and 90 day outcomes. RESULTS: Tracheal intubation was planned in 4683 procedures. Difficult tracheal intubation, defined as two failed attempts of direct laryngoscopy, occurred in 266 children (271 procedures) with an incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 5.8% (95% CI, 5.1–6.5). Bradycardia occurred in 8% of the cases with difficult intubation, whereas a significant decrease in oxygen saturation (SpO2<90% for 60 s) was reported in 40%. No associated risk factors could be identified among co-morbidities, surgical, or anaesthesia management. Using propensity scoring to adjust for confounders, difficult anaesthesia tracheal intubation did not lead to an increase in 30 and 90 day morbidity or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study demonstrate a high incidence of difficult tracheal intubation in children less than 60 weeks post-conceptual age commonly resulting in severe hypoxaemia. Reassuringly, the morbidity and mortality at 30 and 90 days was not increased by the occurrence of a difficult intubation event

Social well-being analysis using interval-valued fuzzy predicates

Social well-being is one of the main goals of public policy. In this work, it is proposed a new methodology based on fuzzy predicates and interval-valued fuzzy logic for its computation and analysis, applied to urban areas of Argentina. The social well-being level of a territory is described through a fuzzy predicate, considering properties of different social indicators, and exploiting the advantages of the interval-valued fuzzy logic to deal with vague concepts. Fuzzy predicates allow to include knowledge about the meaning of social well-being and how it is traditionally measured, as well as linguistic descriptions involving social indicators. As a result, the social well-being level of each urban area is described by an interval. A method for interval comparing previously used in data clustering is applied here to rank the urban areas according to their social well-being levels. Results are consistent with those obtained using the known weighted average method. The approach proposed solves the problem of subjectivity in the evaluation of instances for comparative purposes, since once the fuzzy predicates are determined, the mathematical computation is the same for all the urban areas. This approach may have other interesting applications in the context of the Social Sciences, where new case studies are expected to be explored in the future.Fil: Comas, Diego S. National University of Mar del Plata-CONICET. Institute of Scientific and Technological Research in Electronics; Argentina.Fil: Actis Di Pasquale, Eugenio. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Pastore, Juan I. National University of Mar del Plata-CONICET. Institute of Scientific and Technological Research in Electronics; Argentina.Fil: Bouchet, Agustina. National University of Mar del Plata-CONICET. Institute of Scientific and Technological Research in Electronics; Argentina.Fil: Meschino, Gustavo J. National University of Mar del Plata-CONICET. Institute of Scientific and Technological Research in Electronics; Argentina

Remote Sensing for Water Management Optimization. European Innovation Partnership on Water Action Group #132 EIP Water

RESEWAM-O is an Innovation Opportunity service, par excellence, envisaging the provision of a versatile methodology -in principle applicable in all sensitive areas in the world- that integrates the knowledge, diagnostic and monitoring capacity of remote sensing with optimum engineering solutions and efficient financial tools. This is innovative. For the first time, the problem (water scarcity) and the solution (water resources connections, treatment plants, preserving freshwater supplies for urban uses that will be connected through a feasibility plan) are approached together within the same vision.Peer Reviewe

RESEWAM-O: Remote Sensing for Water Management Optimization. European Innovation Partnership on Water Action Group #132 EIP Water

1 copia .pdf (A3) del póster original presentado por los autores.RESEWAM-O EIP Water Action Group aims to develop agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change activities using Earth Observation Remote Sensing techniques and Water Management solutions in order to enhance socio-economical and environmental values in water sensitive areas. Through a multidisciplinary scientific, industrial and administration composition, RESEWAM-O will study negative climate impacts in water-deficit lands to reactivate them and generate incomes.MIDAS-7/UVEG Project: SMOS Product and Advanced Applications and Future Missions (UVEG Part) Spanish Research Programme on Space, Spanish Ministry for Economy and CompetitívenessEIPWater ESA SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity)MissionPeer reviewe

Corrigendum to ‘Difficult tracheal intubation in neonates and infants. NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE): a prospective European multicentre observational study’ (Br J Anaesth 2021; 126: 1173–81) (British Journal of Anaesthesia (2021) 126(6) (1173–1181), (S0007091221001161), (10.1016/j.bja.2021.02.021))

The authors regret that errors were present in the above article. On page 1174, in the second paragraph of the Statistical methods section, the second sentence should read as follows: The incidence of difficult intubation was determined including those whose tracheas were already intubated and is reported as a percentage with a 95% exact binomial CI. On page 1175, in the third paragraph of the Statistical methods section ‘mean standardised difference (MSD)’ should read ‘standardised mean difference (SMD)’ The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN A multicentre observational study. SETTING The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing perioperative red blood cell transfusions strategies