Consumer choice in competitive location models: Formulations and heuristics

A new direction of research in Competitive Location theory incorporates theories of Consumer Choice Behavior in its models. Following this direction, this paper studies the importance of consumer behavior with respect to distance or transportation costs in the optimality of locations obtained by traditional Competitive Location models. To do this, it considers different ways of defining a key parameter in the basic Maximum Capture model (MAXCAP). This parameter will reflect various ways of taking into account distance based on several Consumer Choice Behavior theories. The optimal locations and the deviation in demand captured when the optimal locations of the other models are used instead of the true ones, are computed for each model. A metaheuristic based on GRASP and Tabu search procedure is presented to solve all the models. Computational experience and an application to 55-node network are also presented.Distance, competitive location models, consumer choice behavior, GRASP, tabu

Cohomological properties of non-standard multigraded modules

In this paper we study some cohomological properties of non-standard multigraded modules and Veronese transforms of them. Among others numerical characters, we study the generalized depth of a module and we see that it is invariant by taking a Veronese transform. We prove some vanishing theorems for the local cohomology modules of a multigraded module; as a corollary of these results we get that the depth of a Veronese module is asymptotically constant

Dispersion-shifted fiber polarization scrambler based on faraday effect

Demonstration of an all-fiber polarization scrambler based on the Faraday effect is carried out. The device has been constructed using dispersion-shifted fiber that has a major tolerance to bends than standard single-mode fiber. Results about the fiber Verdet constant when 1550-nm light is launched are presented. The performance of the constructed device is also shown. Main features are insertion losses as low as 0.4 dB and scrambling frequency up to 20 kHz. Although here we emphasize its application to low-frequency heterodyne detection, the scrambler is applicable to other systems that are polarization dependent. In particular, it would be useful to overcome problems originated by polarization dependent gain in erbium-doped fiber amplified systems.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Finite size effects for the gap in the excitation spectrum of the one-dimensional Hubbard model

We study finite size effects for the gap of the quasiparticle excitation spectrum in the weakly interacting regime one-dimensional Hubbard model with on-site attraction. Two type of corrections to the result of the thermodynamic limit are obtained. Aside from a power law (conformal) correction due to gapless excitations which behaves as $1/N_a$, where $N_a$ is the number of lattice sites, we obtain corrections related to the existence of gapped excitations. First of all, there is an exponential correction which in the weakly interacting regime ($|U|\ll t$) behaves as $\sim \exp (-N_a \Delta_{\infty}/4 t)$ in the extreme limit of $N_a \Delta_{\infty} /t \gg 1$, where $t$ is the hopping amplitude, $U$ is the on-site energy, and $\Delta_{\infty}$ is the gap in the thermodynamic limit. Second, in a finite size system a spin-flip producing unpaired fermions leads to the appearance of solitons with non-zero momenta, which provides an extra (non-exponential) contribution $\delta$. For moderate but still large values of $N_a\Delta_{\infty} /t$, these corrections significantly increase and may become comparable with the $1/N_a$ conformal correction. Moreover, in the case of weak interactions where $\Delta_{\infty}\ll t$, the exponential correction exceeds higher order power law corrections in a wide range of parameters, namely for $N_a\lesssim (8t/\Delta_{\infty})\ln(4t/|U|)$, and so does $\delta$ even in a wider range of $N_a$. For sufficiently small number of particles, which can be of the order of thousands in the weakly interacting regime, the gap is fully dominated by finite size effects.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure